56 research outputs found
Feasibility and efficacy of an online compassion‐focused imagery intervention for veterinarian self‐reassurance, self‐criticism and perfectionism
No full textBackground: veterinarians report high levels of psychological distress and self-criticism. However, there is minimal research investigating psychological interventions for veterinarians. Evidence suggests that compassion-focused therapy is effective at reducing distress in those with high self-criticism. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a 2-week online compassionate imagery intervention for veterinarians.Methods: a one-group repeated measures design was used with 128 veterinarians. Participants completed measures of perfectionism, self-criticism, self-reassurance and fears of compassion four times, at 2-week intervals (at baseline, pre-intervention, post-intervention and 2-week follow-up). Participants answered written questions about their intervention experience post-intervention.Results: content analysis of the qualitative data found the intervention to be acceptable and beneficial to participants. Overall, study attrition was 50.8%, which is reasonable for a low-cost intervention. Minimal differences were found between participants who dropped out compared to those who completed the intervention. Perfectionism, work-related rumination and self-criticism were significantly reduced post-intervention, and these effects were maintained at follow-up. Resilience and self-reassurance remained unchanged. Fears of compassion reduced over the baseline period and pre–post intervention, questioning the validity of the measure.Conclusion: overall, in the context COVID-19, the intervention showed impressive feasibility and preliminary effectiveness. Randomised control trials are recommended as the next step for research to establish the intervention's effectiveness
Effectiveness of self‐compassion‐related interventions for reducing self‐criticism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
No full textSelf-criticism is the process of negative self-evaluation. High levels are associated with psychopathology and poorer therapeutic outcomes. Self-compassion interventions were developed to explicitly target self-criticism. The aim of this review was to estimate the overall effect of self-compassion-related interventions on self-criticism outcomes and investigate potential moderating variables. A systematic search of the literature identified 20 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria. Nineteen papers, involving 1350 participants, had sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Pre- and post-data points were extracted for the compassion and control groups. Study quality was assessed using an adapted version of the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool, which concluded that studies were of moderate quality. Meta-analysis findings indicated that self-compassion-related interventions produce a significant, medium reduction in self-criticism in comparison with control groups (Hedges' g = 0.51, 95% CI [0.33–0.69]). Moderator analysis found greater reductions in self-criticism when self-compassion-related interventions were longer and compared with passive controls rather than active. The remaining moderators of forms of self-criticism, sample type, intervention delivery, intervention setting and risk of bias ratings were insignificant. Overall, the review provides promising evidence of the effectiveness of self-compassion-related interventions for reducing self-criticism. However, results are limited by moderate quality studies with high heterogeneity. Directions for future research indicate that more RCTs with active controls, follow-ups, consistent use and reporting of measures and diverse samples are needed
What is the relationship between fear of self, self ambivalence and obsessive compulsive symptomatology? A systematic literature review
No full textObsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the most debilitating health conditions in the world. There has been a vast amount of research into factors that increase the likelihood of developing OCD and there are several explanatory models. Current cognitive models of OCD can be split into appraisal-based and self-doubt models. To date, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for OCD (grounded in appraisal-based models) is the recommended treatment approach, and research into the importance of self-doubt beliefs has been somewhat neglected. This paper therefore aims to consolidate current research, utilising a systematic review approach, to establish the relationship between fear of self, self-ambivalence and obsessive-compulsive symptomology. A systematic search was conducted based on inclusion criteria identified for this review. Papers were then individually appraised for quality and key data extracted from each paper. A total of 11 studies were included in the final sample. Fear of self and self-ambivalence were both consistently found to be significant predictors of OC symptomatology. In particular, research suggests that there is a strong link between self-doubt beliefs and obsessions and obsessional beliefs related to OCD. Limitations of the review and suggestions for future research are made and applications to clinical practice discussed
January 23, 1912 Page three Queen Esther Circle meets Shooting on Railroad Flats Enthusiasm at club meeting (From Page one) School apportionment Capt. Bailey in city The city in lead
No full textHartnacke, Laura; Larson, Mildred; Dorwin, Margaret; Easterbrook, Gladys; Rutz, Walter; Tibbals, H.L.; Phillips, John D.; Harper, F.C.; Wanamaker, C.I.; Klocker, O.; Hastings, F.W.; Fish, Don M.; Bailey, Charles T.; Sims, E.A.; Simonds, H.F.; Thanem, L.; Smith, Stevenson;steam schooner Washington
Development of a semi-idiographic measure of guilt-proneness for adolescents.
No full textObjective : Guilt is a self-conscious emotion with cognitive, affective and behavioural components. In young people, it has been linked with prosocial behaviour and academic achievement but, when excessively or insufficiently expressed, can adversely impact on mental health. Most existing measures of guilt-proneness for adolescents have scenario-based designs, which may not capture unique personal and cultural experiences of guilt. Semi-idiographic measures, where respondents rate responses based on a subjectively recalled guilt-experience, have been recommended as an alternative, yet no existing measure for young people has used this format. The main objective was to therefore develop, pilot and validate a new semi-idiographic measure of guilt-proneness for adolescents aged 11 to 18.
Design and Participants: The design comprised two studies. Study one involved measure development and interviews with nine young people. Items were compiled using interview data and a review of relevant literature. A subsequent focus group was conducted, during which the drafted measure was piloted. In Study two, the new guilt measure was validated against measures of anxiety, depression, self-compassion, shame, guilt and anger with a sample of 412 young people.
Results: Content analysis was used to extract guilt-related thoughts, feelings and behaviours from the interviews. The Guilt Scale for Adolescents (GSA) was then drafted. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the GSA to examine its underlying structure and refine and reduce items. A final 19-item GSA was produced, with four subscales: ‘Inner Turmoil’, ‘Reparation’, ‘Physiological Reactions’ and ‘Regret and Self-Blame’. Validity and reliability hypotheses were supported.
Conclusions: The GSA is the first semi-idiographic measure of guilt for adolescents. It uniquely breaks down guilt experiences into four different sub-components and scores. The GSA therefore has the potential to promote further understanding of guilt-proneness in young people. Limitations and future implications are discussed.
Keywords: Guilt, Adolescence, Assessment, Self-Conscious Emotion
"I now grab every opportunity that comes my way in life" : a framework analysis of the impact of recovery colleges on past students.
No full textPurpose: Recovery Colleges are an innovative approach which adopt an educational paradigm and utilise a co-production framework employing mental health professionals and individuals with lived experience to support students with their personal recovery. They embody recovery-orientated practice and their transformative role has been evidenced within mental health services. The aim of this study was to explore how past students understand the influence of the Recovery College on their ongoing recovery journey. Design: An exploratory, qualitative design was employed. Semi-structured interviews took place with 15 participants. Data was analysed using Framework Analysis and inductive processes. Findings: All participants discussed gains made following Recovery College attendance that were sustained at one year follow-up. Three themes emerged from the data: Ethos, Springboard, and Intrapersonal changes. Originality/value: This focus on students’ experiences a year after attendance contrasts with most research which is completed immediately post course. This study contributes to the emergent evidence base highlighting the longitudinal positive impact of Recovery Colleges. This study is of worth to those with an interest in recovery-oriented models within mental health. Recovery Colleges are gaining traction nationally and internationally; this research highlights processes underlying this intervention which is of importance to those developing new Recovery Colleges.</p
Does modifying personal responsibility moderate the mental contamination effect?
No full textBackground and objectives Mental contamination is the psychological sense of internal dirtiness that arises in the absence of physical contact with a perceived contaminant. Mental contamination can be evoked through imagining perpetrating a moral transgression. This study experimentally evoked mental contamination by asking men to imagine perpetrating a non-consensual kiss. It explored whether reducing sense of personal responsibility for the kiss moderated the mental contamination effect. Methods Male students (N = 60) imagined giving either a consensual or non-consensual kiss. Personal responsibility for the kiss was manipulated in one of two non-consensual kiss conditions by way of the inclusion of social influence information. Feelings of mental contamination were assessed by self-report and through a behavioural index. Results Mental contamination was successfully induced in the two non-consensual kiss conditions. There was evidence to support the hypothesis that reducing personal responsibility might moderate specific components of mental contamination (shame, dirtiness and urge to cleanse). The effect of responsibility modification was evident in the self-report measures, but not in the behavioural index. Limitations The sample comprised male university students which limits generalizability of the findings. The behavioural assessment of mental contamination was limited to a proxy measure. Conclusions Imagined moral violations are associated with increases in indices of mental contamination. Further research should investigate whether feelings of shame, dirtiness and urge to cleanse are particularly responsive to responsibility modifications.</p
Therapist self-disclosure and the therapeutic alliance in the treatment of eating problems
No full textEvidence is mixed regarding the potential utility of therapist self-disclosure. The current study modelled relationships between perceived helpfulness of therapist self-disclosures, therapeutic alliance, patient non-disclosure, and shame in participants (n = 120; 95% women) with a history of eating problems. Serial multiple mediator analyses provided support for a putative model connecting the perceived helpfulness of therapist self-disclosures with current eating disorder symptom severity through therapeutic alliance, patient self-disclosure, and shame. The analyses presented provide support for the contention that therapist self-disclosure, if perceived as helpful, might strengthen the therapeutic alliance. A strong therapeutic alliance, in turn, has the potential to promote patient disclosure and reduce shame and eating problems
- …
