1,721,081 research outputs found
Botulinum toxin treatment in the head and neck region
No full textSome interesting developments, aspects, and problems concerning botulinum toxin treatment of disorders of the head and neck region have recently been reported. These new approaches are discussed in this review. They include applications into mimic muscles (prevention of scar formation, treatment of depressions), into laryngeal muscles, and into the upper esophagus. In addition, treatment of different forms of headache and tinnitus as well as applications in the autonomic nervous system are addressed. Some of these options will shortly be put into clinical use, while others have to be checked further in clinical studies
Review
No full textBackground: In this review article different interdisciplinary relevant applications of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) in the head and face region are demonstrated. Patients with head and face disorders of different etiology often suffer from disorders concerning their musculature (example: synkinesis in mimic muscles) or gland-secretion. This leads to many problems and reduces their quality of life. The application of BTA can improve movement disorders like blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, synkinesis following defective healing of the facial nerve, palatal tremor, severe bruxism, oromandibular dystonias hypertrophy of the masseter muscle and disorders of the autonomous nerve system like hypersalivation, hyperlacrimation, pathological sweating and intrinsic rhinitis. Conclusion: The application of botulinum toxin type A is a helpful and minimally invasive treatment option to improve the quality of life in patients with head and face disorders of different quality and etiology. Side effects are rare
Botulinum toxine in the treatment of disorders in the innervation of cranial nerves - Taking stock
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Treatment of blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and facial synkinesis with botulinum toxin
No full textInvoluntary facial movements are caused by various diseases. This article describes three of these diseases: blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm and facial synkinesis following facial nerve paralysis. The different etiologies, clinical symptoms and diagnosis are discussed. A common therapeutic approach for these three diseases is presented. Involuntary facial movements can be reduced or even completely suppressed by local injections of botulinum toxin
Treatment of dysphonia, dysphagia and dyspnea with botulinum toxin
No full textA focal laryngeal dystonia might cause dysphonia, dysphagia or dyspnea. These dysorders can appear discrete or combined. The treatment with botulinum toxin is a symptomatic off-label-use that has to be repetitive every three to six months to conserve a positive outcome. In case of dysphonia and dyspnea the laryngeal muscles and in case of dysphagia the cricopharyngeal muscle and the salivary glands are injected. For a selective indication an interdisciplinary diagnostic is essential
The application of botulinum toxin in oromandibular, pharyngeal and laryngeal dystonia
No full textDystonias of the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles are potential causes of deglutitive, respiratory and communicative disorders. In addition to functional deficits such as dysphagia, dysarthria and dysphonia, social disadvantages may arise from the visible or audible manifestations. Treatment with botulinum toxin offers symptomatic and temporary therapeutic effects. Examples of applications in oromandibular dystonia, palatoclonus, dysphagia and laryngeal dystonia (e.g., spasmodic dysphonia) are described
Treatment of gustatory sweating with botulinum toxin: Special aspects
No full textBotulinum toxin treatment is an efficient, well-tolerated technique for patients suffering from gustatory sweating, first described by our group. With the experience gained in recent years we were able to improve on some of our skills in the diagnosis and treatment of gustatory sweating and here we wish to focus on some interesting aspects: (1) the necessity for an exact anamnesis before treatment with botulinum toxin to ensure correct treatment; (2) the advantages of Minor's test in special situations, for example, when sweating occurs in regions of hairy skin, retroauricular, at the back of the auricle and in areas distant from the site of salivary gland surgery; (3) the reduction of pain during treatment using an anesthetic ointment containing lidocaine and prilocaine as active substances; (4) intracutaneous injections in areas anterior to the fascia-protected skin of the lateral face-covering mimetic muscles, and (5) the occasional necessity for short-time reinjection in small areas of persistent sweating. Copyright (C) 2001 S,Karger AG, Basel
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