1,721,109 research outputs found
Psicología en el ámbito rural : subjetividad campesina y estrategias de desarrollo
No full textFil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Argentina
Moral perception of the economy and wealth in peasants’ worldview
Full text linkThe peasant economic rationale differs profoundly from that which characterises market capitalism. Amongst the many differences between the two is the peasants’ tendency to interpret economic processes in moral terms and to judge them in the context of communal, hierarchical relationships. This article presents the results of an investigation carried out in Argentina dedicated to understanding peasants’ worldview. Some signifi cant fi ndings are peasants’ tendency to: associate wealth with a moral defi cit, interpret the commercialisation processes of their harvest in terms of expropriation and to affi rm the right of all people to live in a dignifi ed manner, a view which presupposes that those who have more wealth lend assistance to those in need.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Can Psychology Contribute to Rural Extension?
Full text linkAlthough the field of psychology has the potential to be a contributor to rural extension work, it has done so on rare occasions. Thus, this work’s objective is to show not only that the majority of extensionists consider that psychology could contribute to their labor, but also to present areas for potential contributions.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bianqui, Vanina Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; Argentin
Les problèmes perçus et les conceptions de la extension de techniciens du Centre National de technologie agricole et des forêts en El Salvador , en Amérique Centrale
Full text linkLa extensión rural se está reposicionando en América Latina como herramienta de desarrollo. 34 extensionistas rurales de El Salvador fueron encuestados para identificar los problemas a los que se enfrentan y la concepción de extensión rural con que guían su práctica. Los encuestados describen como principales problemas el uso de tecnologías inapropiadas, la falta de créditos y las dificultades para el trabajo grupal. A nivel general se observa la presencia de una concepción de la extensión fuertemente transferencista.In Latin America, the use of rural extension as a development tool is regaining acknowledgement. 34 practitioners were surveyed with the aim of identifying the problems faced by Salvadorian rural extensionists, as well as the conception of rural extension that they use to guide their practice. The fundamental problems that the participants describe are the farmers’ use of unsuitable technologies, lack of credits and the diffi culties of cooperative work. In general terms, the interviewees support a diffusionist approach to rural extensionA extensão rural está reposicionando-se na América Latina como ferramenta de desenvolvimento. 34 extensionistas rurais de El Salvador foram pesquisados para identifi car os problemas que eles enfrentam e a concepção de extensão rural que orientam a sua prática. Os participantes descreveram como principais problemas o uso de tecnologias inadequadas, a falta de crédito e as difi culdades para o trabalho em grupo. Em geral, os extensionistas pesquisados têm uma concepção fortemente transferencista da extensão rural.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaría de Políticas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas (Sede Posadas); Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Nordeste; Argentin
Reflecting on practice
Full text linkFor a very long time, rural extension in Latin America, and probably in most developing countries, has followed a transfer of technology approach, aiming at transferring modern, input-based technologies from experts to farmers. This approach, also deemed ´diffusionism´, assumes that true knowledge is only in the hands of the so-called experts, while farmers are perceived as ignorant, traditional and at the same time ´resistant to change´. In spite of its evident failures, the ToT ideas still shape extension programmes and projects. Together with farmers and extension agents, our work in Paraguay tried to change the resulting practices in the field.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bianqui, Vanina Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentin
Different argentine rural extensionists' mindsets and their practical implications
Full text linkPurpose: This paper reflects upon the practice of Argentine rural extensionists working in the extension public system through the process of identifying different rural extensionists' types of mindsets and comparing them with transfer of technology extension approach, dialogical processes of horizontal knowledge exchange, participatory perspectives and innovation system approach.
Design/Methodology/approach: A quali-quantitative investigation was conducted. Surveys containing closed and open questions were sent via email to rural extensionists. This allowed the researcher to identify their beliefs about different issues connected to extension practice. The sample was incidental (n = 219; 143 men, 76 women). Qualitative data was categorized and quantified. Finally, a two-steps cluster analysis was implemented.
Findings: Two types of rural extensionists' mindsets were identified, one of which relates to the transfer of technology approach and other to the dialogical/horizontal model, yet neither of them fitting the ideal of the most important extension institution of the country, which supports an innovation system approach.
Practical implications: Extensionists' practices and institutional ideals do not coincide. Reflexive training processes are required to make beliefs about rural extension explicit in order to build a contextually suitable extension proposal. Originality/Value: Through a quali-quantitative approach to the issue of rural extensionists' mindsets, this paper contributes to a better understanding of Argentine rural extensionists' practices.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicologia; Argentin
Income and use of money in the peasant economy. Contributions to rural development psychology from a case study
Full text linkRural development processes taking place in peasant communities constitute an area of interest for community psychology, however, it is clear that this subdiscipline has made limited contributions to the comprehension of the psychosocial factors involved. This article considers that the peasant economic rationality differs profoundly from that proposed by market capitalism and that a better comprehension of its principles and priorities would be of vital importance to improve current initiatives dedicated to rural development. Thus, an investigation was conducted in the northeast of Argentina in an effort to understand the practices and representations tied to the use of money in peasant communities. The research arrived to the conclusion that the peasants, due to the fact that they live in an economy where scarcity is the norm, have resources and personal abilities to deal with contexts characterized by economic restrictions, but no with those of relative abundance.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaría de Políticas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas (Sede Posadas); Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Objetivos priorizados y metodologías más utilizadas por los extensionistas rurales argentinos
Full text linkSe evaluaron los objetivos priorizados y las estrategias metodológicas más utilizadas por los extensionistas rurales de dos principales instituciones de extensión de Argentina. Se tomó un cuestionario que fue respondido por 593 extensionistas. Los objetivos más mencionados son la creación y fortalecimiento de organizaciones de productores, el apoyo al acceso a servicios básicos y el fortalecimiento de las estrategias productivas a través de la financiación de pequeños proyectos. Las estrategias metodológicas grupales son las más utilizadas. Los objetivos y metodologías difieren fundamentalmente según organización de pertenencia, años de experiencia y título académico de los extensionistas.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaría de Políticas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas (Sede Posadas); ArgentinaFil: Beramendi, Maite Regina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Income and use of money in the peasant economy: contributions to rural development psychology from a case study
Full text linkRural development processes taking place in peasant communities constitute an area of interest for community psychology, however, it is clear that this subdiscipline has made limited contributions to the comprehension of the psychosocial factors involved. This article considers that the peasant economic rationality differs profoundly from that proposed by market capitalism and that a better comprehension of its principles and priorities would be of vital importance to improve current initiatives dedicated to rural development. Thus, an investigation was conducted in the northeast of Argentina in an effort to understand the practices and representations tied to the use of money in peasant communities. The research arrived to the conclusion that the peasants, due to the fact that they live in an economy where scarcity is the norm, have resources and personal abilities to deal with contexts characterized by economic restrictions, but no with those of relative abundance.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata. Secretaría de Políticas del Conocimiento. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas (Sede Posadas); Argentin
Peasants' Social Representation of Politicians in a Clientelist Rural Context
Full text linkIn Latin America, political clientelism is one of the main obstacles to the process of sustaining truly democratic practices. Thus, this article proposes to study peasants from the Province of Formosa, Argentina's social representation of politicians, in hopes of shedding light on the relationship between said representations and clientelist practices, with the objective of making a contribution to the development of alternative means towards democratization in the area. The results of this case study show that, at the center of the peasants' social representation of politicians, there lies a tendency to place their expectations for receiving assistance within a context of a personalized and hierarchical relationship framework. Nevertheless, the majority of these farmers consider the assistance received to be insufficient and inadequate, stating that politicians actually look to satisfy their own interests and not those of the general public. In conclusion, the peasants' social representation of politicians favors clientelist practices, even though these small farmers do not identify, via their culture or their expectations, with these practices. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Fil: Landini, Fernando Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de la Cuenca del Plata; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentin
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