84 research outputs found
Dilemma of community-acquired pneumonia
No full textThe lungs are particularly susceptible to infection, owing to continuous direct interaction with the external atmosphere in the process of gas exchange, and many anatomical facts, such as the presence of the pharynx, which constitutes a common pathway for both of the lung and stomach. With the process of development of many new generations of antibiotics, pneumonia still continues to be an important unsolved problem worldwide. Community-acquired pneumonia is still considered a problem and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality with cost load, especially with the emergent pathogens that presented with aggressive pictures of community-acquired pneumonia
Shaaban Abdel Rahim and the changing stardom culture in Egypt
No full textThe subject of the study is Shaaban Abdel Rahim, an illiterate former makwagi (man
who irons clothes) who gained pan-Arab fame in 2001 for the song ‘I hate Israel’ and, despite fierce criticism from the national media, has become one of the most recognisable stars of sha’bi music in Egypt. The study aims to answer the question
of the main criterion of Abdel Rahim’s popularity. The initial hypothesis was that the political content of his songs was the most decisive factor in the matter. However, a
more detailed study, based on fieldwork conducted in Egypt in 2012, reveals that his
political commitment is not the key issue. Referring to the theory of social relevance
in popular culture, the author claims that Abdel Rahim’s success is not derived from
the meanings that people read into his songs, but rather from his low origins. The
phenomenon should be considered within the context of a highly class-based society
where Abdel Rahim has become a mouthpiece of the most neglected part of the
Egyptian population deprived of representation in the mainstream media
Supersymmetry, Supergravity, and Superstring Phenomenology
No full textSupersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring are amongst the most popular research topics in particle physics. Supersymmetry is a generalization of the space-time symmetries of quantum field theory that links the matter particles with the force-carrying particles and implies that there are additional superparticles necessary to complete the symmetry. Supergravity is the theory that combines the principles of supersymmetry and general relativity. It naturally includes gravity along with the other fundamental forces (the electromagnetic force, the weak nuclear force, in turn already unified in the electroweak interactions, and the strong nuclear force). String theory is the leading candidate for a theory that unifies all fundamental forces in nature in a consistent scheme. It also provides a consistent framework for the theory of quantum gravity. Compactified string/M-theories make testable predictions about our four-dimensional world.The phenomenology of supersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring is thus very rich and covers many topics: flavour physics and CP violation, Higgs and collider physics, model building beyond the Standard Model, and astroparticle physics and cosmology. Some recent developments in these theories, each with important applications to particle physics and/or cosmology, are the main theme of this special issue.One of the papers of this special issue discusses the constrained generalized Killing spinors, which characterize supersymmetric flux compactifications of supergravity theories, using geometric algebra techniques. Another paper presents a study on what are called Adinkras, which are combinatorial objects developed to study (1-dimensional) supersymmetry representations. Another paper reviews moduli stabilization in type IIB string theory compactification with fluxes. Another paper in this special issue describes supermultiplets wherein a continuously variable “tuning parameter” modifies the supersymmetry transformations. Another paper studies the constraints imposed on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) parameter space by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Higgs mass measurements and gluino mass lower bound. Another paper studies helical phase inflation which realizes “monodromy inflation” in supergravity theory. Another paper considers scalar Wilson operators of Supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theories at high spin and generic twist operators in the multicolor limit. Another paper author gives an overview about the features that the Mathematica package SARAH provides to study new supersymmetric models. Another paper reviews a possible mechanism for the spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry, based on the presence of vacuum condensates. Another paper constructs and studies a formulation of a chargeless complex vector matter field in a supersymmetric framework
Morphological and grammatical study of the fuctional derived nouns in the six anthologies by Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas / Ibrahim Shaaban
No full textThis research is a morphological, grammatical and analytical study on the multiplicity of the
scale of five derived nouns and their formulas as used in the six anthologies (dawawin) of
Senegalese Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas al-Kaulakhi, based on the chosen rulings, methods and context
used by the author of the six collections. The research focuses and discusses on the subject
noun, the accusative noun, the hyperbolic participles, the attributive participle,
comparative/superlative adjective, and their scales and formulas, both standard and nonstandard,
and the usage of their multiple meanings according to the methods employed in these
six dawawin, including infinitive and augmented noun of three or four lettered origin, with
grammatical rulings associated with alif and lam (al), as selected or chosen according to the
usage of Sheikh Ibrahim Inyas al-Kaulakhi. In order to find out the context of morphological and
grammatical methods, analyses were made that acquaint readers with the taste of Sheikh
Ibrahim's ability in applying morphological and grammatical rules. Through extrapolation, the
morphological and syntactic source of each derivative was separately traced in those six
dawawin. In reviewing the morphological and syntactic language of those derivatives, books and
the theories of ancient and modern linguists, according to consensus and contrast, were used in
shedding light on each derived noun by studying the ancient morphological and syntactic
sources according to the information and theories derived therefrom and made analysis
thereon. In this regard, a morphological or grammatical context was established using a
qualitative rather than quantitative approach based on which the research was conducted and
its structure, sections and chapters arranged accordingly, with clarification and detailed
analyses. Findings of this research have established the functioning of morphological structure
and scales of the five derived nouns as well as the semantic meaning, application and usage of
augmented derived nouns as dealt with in their grammatical rulings associated with the Arabic
definite article - alif and lam (al), to enable them function in the past, present and future tenses,
and what not. The research concluded with a revelation which is indicative of Sheikh Ibrahim
Inyas’ ability and mastery of morphological scales and grammatical expertise as though he lived
with and learnt from Khalil, Sibawayh, Ibn Jinni and Asma'i and their ilk
Value of thoracoscopic pleural brush in the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion
No full textAbstractBackgroundNowadays, medical thoracoscope had been established to have greater diagnostic yield in the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion. Forceps biopsy and pleural brush could be used through medical thoracoscope to obtain pleural cytopathological specimens, however the most popular used one was the forceps biopsy.Aim of this studyTo evaluate the value of thoracoscopic pleural brush in the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion.Study designInterventional prospective study.SettingEndoscopy Unit, Chest Department, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt.Material and methodsThe study was conducted upon 28 patients with exudative pleural effusion from January 2011 to December 2011, in whom both the conventional pleural tapping and closed pleural biopsy were not conclusive. All patients submitted for medical thoracoscope, where forceps biopsy and pleural brush specimens were taken for all patients.ResultsThoracoscopic pleural specimens were diagnostic in 26 patients out of 28 ones (92.9%). Histopathological examination of thoracoscopic specimens revealed malignant lesions in (20 patients), TB in (two patients) and non specific inflammation in (four patients). Forceps biopsy was positive in 22 patients, while pleural brush was positive in 17 patients. Thoracoscopic pleural brush was the only diagnostic modality in four patients all were adenocarcinoma. The lesions were mostly on the visceral pleura in one patient in whom visceral pleural brush was taken, while bleeding occurred with forceps biopsy in the other three patient. No complications recorded with pleural brush procedures.ConclusionThoracoscopic pleural brushing could be done easily and safely and allows obtaining pleural cellular material in areas dangerous to take biopsy specimens. It could augment the diagnostic yield of medical thoracoscope
On improving assessment of in-hospital mortality and ICU admission in community-acquired pneumonia patients using the eCURB
No full textAbstractBackgroundAssessment of severity of the disease in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is very important to decide the site of care. The conventional CURB-65 score is composed of five separate elements namely, Confusion, Uremia, Respiratory rate, BP, and age ⩾65years. These elements could be calculated electronically. The electronic CURB (eCURB) utilizes the 5 CURB-65 data elements as continuous, weighted variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of eCURB elements in predicting in-hospital mortality and ICU admission in comparison to the conventional CURB-65.Material and methodsThis study was conducted upon 134 adult patients diagnosed as CAP and confirmed by radiographic findings, admitted to chest department, Assiut University Hospital, Egypt. The CURB-65 elements were retrospectively extracted from the medical records. The eCURB variables were introduced to electronically calculate the risk using the Excel appendix model (provided by Prof. Nanthan Dean, University of Utah, Salt Lake city, USA) and its predictive values and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve were compared with the conventional CURB-65 in predicting in-hospital mortality and the need for ICU admission.ResultsThe study revealed that the conventional CURB-65 score could predict in-hospital mortality with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 and the need for ICU admission with an AUC of 0.87. Using the eCURB-65 elements proved to be superior to the conventional CURB-65 in predicting in-hospital mortality with cut off point >7.5 and an AUC of 0.83 (P<0.0001). Also, eCURB was better than conventional CURB-65 in predicting ICU admission with cut off point >3.8 and an AUC of 0.89 (P<0.0001).ConclusionsUsing the eCURB proved to be a valuable tool in predicting in-hospital mortality and ICU admission in patients with CAP with a significant superiority over conventional CURB-65 in both variables. Further prospective studies on a larger cohort are recommended
Phenacoccus halli Ezzat 1962
No full text<i>Phenacoccus halli</i> Ezzat, 1962 <p>(Figure 29, after Mohammed et al. 1995)</p> <p> <b>Taxonomy.</b> <i>Phenacoccus halli</i> Priesner and Hosny 1935. Type data. EGYPT: Giza, Pyramids, on roots of <i>Anthemis</i> sp., 10.iv.1930, collector unknown; lectotype and paralectotype designated by Mohammed et al. 1995: 501; Ezzat 1962d: 163-164.</p> <p> <b>Hosts in Egypt.</b> <i>Anthemis</i> sp. (Priesner and Hosny 1935).</p> <p> <b>Distribution in Egypt.</b> Pyramids (Priesner and Hosny 1935; Ezzat 1962d).</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Mohammed et al. (1995) provided a description and illustration of this species. Ezzat (1962) credited Priesner and Hosny (1935) with the authorship of the species; however, the paper he referred to has no mention of this species. Based on Ezzat’s (1962d) brief description of the species, he is considered the author of the species.</p>Published as part of <i>Evans, Gregory A. & Abd-Rabou, Shaaban, 2023, The mealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) of Egypt, pp. 1-83 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (999)</i> on page 22, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10832115">10.5281/zenodo.10832115</a>
Average volume assured pressure support ventilation (AVAPS) mode in management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
No full textScores of community acquired pneumonia for predicting intensive care admission and mortality
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