1,016 research outputs found
Probation and Parole: Training Consultancy (FINAL REPORT)
No full textIn August 2016, the Queensland Government appointed Mr Walter Sofronoff QC to conduct a thorough examination of the state’s parole system. The Queensland Parole System Review Final Report was submitted to the Honourable Annastacia Palaszczuk MP on 30 November. In February 2017, the Premier endorsed 89 of the 91 recommendations detailed in the Review, and the Queensland Government approved $265 million funding over six years to deliver these reforms. This document provides an overview of the work performed by Dr Lacey Schaefer, the academic consultant engaged to help meet selected recommendations from the Queensland Parole System Review related to training and development.Arts, Education & Law Group, School of Criminology and Criminal JusticeNo Full Tex
Does the involvement of family and friends improve probation and parole outcomes? A quantitative evaluation of Triple-S: Social Supports in Supervision
No full textThis report details the results of a quantitative quasi-experimental evaluation of a new model of probation and parole called “Triple-S: Social Supports in Supervision”, in which officers incorporate “PoPPs” (Parents/Partners/Peers of Probationers and Parolees) into the supervision process to reduce crime opportunities and limit the exercise of propensity. In partnership with Queensland Corrective Services, the pilot project sought to position Community Corrections staff as “super controllers” who incorporate members of each client’s social network into the supervision process to serve in the crime controller roles of “offender handlers”, “target guardians”, and “place managers”. The model was piloted for six months (1 July – 31 December 2018) at one Community Corrections Office in southeast Queensland. This report describes the findings of a Criminology Research Grant awarded by the Australian Institute of Criminology to Dr Lacey Schaefer and Professor Michael Townsley to evaluate the impact of the Triple-S model on reoffending.No Full Tex
Oral history interview with Ron Schaefer
No full textRonald Schaefer, a 1972 graduate of Oklahoma State University, recalls his youth in Marshall, Oklahoma, the hometown of Dr. Angie Debo, historian and author who focused on the mistreatment of Native Americans throughout history. He shares memories and history of Marshall, as well as his memories of Dr. Debo, reading personal notes that she wrote to him and his family, and sharing details of personal conversations. He also reminisced about her effect on those around her.The Remembering Angie Debo Collection is a series of interviews conducted with friends and supporters of Angie Debo, an American historian
Routine Activity Theory
No full textHistorically, criminological theories have aimed to explain criminal propensity, providing explanations for why some individuals are more likely than others to commit an offense. Conversely, less attention has been paid to the other element of a crime event: opportunity. This trend was radically altered from the 1970s onward, in large part due to Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson’s creation of a “routine activity approach” to understanding crime trends. The scholars proposed that, beyond the necessity of a motivated offender, crimes occur when suitable targets are present and capable guardians are absent. The contribution of routine activity theory increased interest in the role of criminal opportunity substantially, with various streams of research coalescing into a school of criminological thought known as “environmental criminology”, sometimes referred to as “crime science”. Routine activity theory is central to these approaches and is focused on crime reduction through the prevention and control of chances to commit crime. Routine activity theory was initially proposed as a sociological perspective, as Cohen and Felson explored aggregate associations between social trends (such as sociodemographic changes in household activity and urbanization) and the risk of victimization. Their analyses suggested that as changes occurred in the routine activities of Americans post-World War II, crime rates increased. From this original conceptualization, routine activity theory has evolved into the “crime triangle”, which provides a way of analysing crime problems. The triangle depicts that crime events occur when motivated offenders and attractive targets converge in space and time in the absence of guardianship. Research has further specified that three crime control actions paired with these elements – handling for offenders, guarding for targets, and managing for places – can reduce crime events. There are now hundreds of studies that examine the relationship between routine activities and crime, with many of these empirical investigations organised around the crime triangle. Theoretical advancements have outlined the role of targets and guardians, the levels of responsibility of crime controllers, the attractiveness of targets, the characteristics of (in)effective guardianship, and the social processes related to the presence or absence of handlers, guardians, and mangers. The contributions of this canon of literature combined, the evidence is quite clear in demonstrating the utility of routine activity theory for understanding and preventing crime.Full Tex
Environmental Corrections: A New Paradigm for Supervising Offenders in the Community
No full textEnvironmental Corrections is an innovative guide filled with rich insights and strategies for probation and parole officers to effectively integrate offenders back into the community and reduce recidivism. Authors Lacey Schaefer, Francis T. Cullen, and John E. Eck move beyond traditional models for interventions and build directly on the applied focus of environmental criminology theories. Using this approach, the authors answer the question of what officers can do to decrease opportunities for an offender to commit a crime. Readers will learn how to recognize and assess specific criminal opportunities in an offender’s past and gain the tools and strategies they need to design an individualized supervision plan that channels offenders away from these criminogenic situations.Arts, Education & Law Group, School of Criminology and Criminal JusticeNo Full Tex
Confidential Report: An Evaluation of a Criminal Justice Program
No full textThe Queensland Parole System Review recommended that all rehabilitative programs provided by Queensland Corrective Services be externally evaluated to ensure that they are effective in reducing reoffending and associated misbehaviours. In response to this call, the agency’s Research and Evaluation Unit commissioned evaluations of many of the agency’s programs. This report communicates the results of an evaluation of one such rehabilitative program, Queensland Corrective Services’ Cognitive Self-Change Program.No Full Tex
Paul Schaefer Collection, 1870-1997
No full textThe Paul Schaefer collection consists of ca. 62 cu ft of correspondence, maps, litigation manuscripts, legislative documents, pamphlets, circulars, published materials, photographic material, audio recordings, video recordings, and art prints. The collection is in good condition, however some of the material exhibits water or insect damage. The dates within the collection range from 1870 to1997, with the bulk of the collection falling between 1940 and 1997. This collection documents Schaefer\u27s lengthy career as an environmental grass roots organizer and author, his work in home building and historic restoration projects, and his family life.https://digitalworks.union.edu/arl_findingaids/1036/thumbnail.jp
6-Month Quantitative Evaluation of a Pilot Test of Environmental Corrections at Inala Probation and Parole
No full textThis technical report communicates the findings of a pilot test of the “Environmental Corrections” model of offender community supervision performed at Inala Probation and Parole. The Environmental Corrections framework applies the tenets of environmental criminological theories to offender supervision.1 Summarily, this model works to reduce recidivism by addressing the two causes of crime: opportunity and propensity. First, case managers work to limit their supervisees’ access to chances to commit crime, redesigning offenders’ routine activities so that risky settings are avoided and are replaced with prosocial influences. Second, the nature of officer-offender meetings is reoriented so that the criminogenic needs of each probation and parolee are addressed. The Environmental Corrections model is more interventive than the assessment-heavy and compliance-focused Next Generation Case Management model currently used by Queensland Corrective Services. The pilot test refashioned the underlying goal of probation and parole away from risk management and toward risk reduction; under the Environmental Corrections model, staff were trained to move beyond case management and service brokerage, working to encourage long-lasting behavioural change among their supervisees.No Full Tex
Proposed Principles for Procedurally Just Probation and Parole Practices
No full textAs part of a qualitative evaluation of a trial of a new model of community corrections (Triple-S: Social Supports in Supervision), we interviewed 53 probationers and parolees about their experiences with supervision. Although procedural justice was not the direct focus of the trial or its evaluation and participants were not overtly prompted, participants independently communicated the importance of procedural justice elements in shaping their interactions with their supervising officer, their perceptions of the agency, and their attitudes and behaviors relevant to their correctional order. Following a thematic analysis of these responses, we propose ten principles for procedurally just probation and parole practices. We suggest that probation and parole officers should: (1) be courteous, (2) avoid labeling, (3) explain, (4) listen, (5) hear, (6) be consistent, (7) be measured, (8) reserve judgment, (9) be invested, and (10) problem-solve. From this introductory exploratory study, we urge further research into the utility of these guiding elements. Subsequent scholarship may demonstrate how they enhance community corrections practices by improving officer decision-making and client interactions, which in turn is predicted to increase probationer and parolee engagement and subsequent compliance.Full Tex
Physical places, social spaces, and guardianship faces: Exploring the configural influence of sociophysical contexts on crime
No full textThis paper questions whether guardianship presence, expectations, and action are a condition of the physical features of a place and the population flows that occur there, and how these different configurations inform community crime profiles. This study explores these speculations with a conjunctive analysis of case configurations through combined census, geographic, population movement, and neighborhood survey data. Across 146 Brisbane, Australia suburbs, results indicate that static features of places combine with population flows in ways that influence the different dimensions of guardianship, in turn impacting crime. Most notably, crime rates are highest in neighborhoods characterized by high ambient populations but low levels of guardianship expectations. Conversely, lower crime rates are observed in communities with smaller ambient populations, less land use, and greater beliefs that residents would take crime control action if necessary. Guardianship presence and actual guardianship action appear to be less influential.Full Tex
- …
