86,938 research outputs found
LEADER E INNOVAZIONE: DA ALCUNE ESPERIENZE EUROPEE AL PROGETTO DI COOPERAZIONE TUR PUGLIA PROMUOVERE I SISTEMI TURISTICI LOCALI SOSTENIBILI PUGLIESI
No full textENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION IN RURAL AREAS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. EXPERIENCES FROM THE NEO-ENDOGENOUS DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES IN ITALY AND SPAIN
No full textLa questione energetica in Puglia: tra potenzialità e conflitti passati e recenti. Potenzialità e recenti questioni energetiche in Puglia
No full text
Cholangiocarcinoma: A position paper by the Italian Society of Gastroenterology (SIGE), the Italian Association of Hospital Gastroenterology (AIGO), the Italian Association of Medical Oncology (AIOM) and the Italian Association of Oncological Radiotherapy (AIRO)
No full textThe incidence of Cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCA) is increasing, due to a sharp increase of the intrahepatic form. Evidence-ascertained risk factors for CCA are primary sclerosing cholangitis, Opistorchis viverrini infection, Caroli disease, congenital choledocal cist, Vater ampulla adenoma, bile duct adenoma and intra-hepatic lithiasis. Obesity, diabetes, smoking, abnormal biliary-pancreatic junction, bilio-enteric surgery, and viral cirrhosis are emerging risk factors, but their role still needs to be validated. Patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis should undergo surveillance, even though a survival benefit has not been clearly demonstrated.
CCA is most often diagnosed in an advanced stage, when therapeutic options are limited to palliation. Diagnosis of the tumor is often difficult and multiple imaging techniques should be used, particularly for staging.
Surgery is the standard of care for resectable CCA, whilst liver transplantation should be considered only in experimental settings. Metal stenting is the standard of care in inoperable patients with an expected survival >4 months. Gemcitabine or platinum analogues are recommended in advanced CCA whilst there are no validated neo-adjuvant treatments or second-line chemotherapies. Even though promising results have been obtained in CCA with radiotherapy, further randomized controlled trials are needed. (C) 2010 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Neo-endogenous development and social innovation in rural marginal areas. The cases of Castel del Giudice (Italy) and Altiplanicies of Granada (Spain)
No full text
Prevention and treatment of pandemic influenza in cancer patients
No full textEvery year influenza A epidemics cause numerous deaths and
millions of hospitalizations, but the most important effects are
generally seen when new viral strains emerge from different
species.
In April 2009, for the first time in 41 years, a novel type of
influenza A virus acquired the capacity for human-to-human
transmission and caused a pandemic. This virus, ‘pandemic
2009 influenza A (H1N1)virus’, was derived from swine A
(H1N1), which was a recombination of avian, human, and
several swine influenza viruses [1].
Overall, the 2009 pandemic flu has been considered mild. In
fact, most cases caused by the 2009 H1N1 virus were acute and
self-limited, with the highest attack rates reported, as expected,
among children and young adults. The relative sparing of adults
is presumably due to the exposure of aged persons to
antigenetically related influenza viruses earlier in life, resulting
in the development of cross-protective antibodies [2]. The
Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that about
59 million people were infected from April 2009 to mid-
February 2010 in the United States; of these, about 265 000
were hospitalized and 12 000 died with an overall case fatality
rate of 0.0203% [3]
- …
