101,878 research outputs found
Chemical and biological combined treatments for the removal of pesticides from wastewaters
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Cheese whey recycling in dairy food chain: effects of vinegar from whey in dairy cow nutrition
No full textSelected yeast (Kluyveromyces marxianus Y102 strain)
and an acetic acid bacterium (Acetobacter aceti, DSM
G3508 strain) were used as inocula respectively in cheese
whey for alcoholic and acetic fermentations. The experimental
tests were carried out at both laboratory and pilot
plant (20 l and 2,000 l) levels. The data from the trials
(working period 28 days) show increased ethanol production,
increased acetic acid yield (whey vinegar = wheynegar),
and greater fermentation stability with biomass
recycling (18.6 g/l). Batch and feed-batch fermentation
tests resulted in increased and standardized alcoholic fermentation,
and allowed acetic acid recovery (average lactose
consumption 56%, ethanol 6.7 g/l per day and acetic
acid production 4.35 g/l per day). The effects of wheynegar
administration were then investigated on milk yield
and composition, nutritional status of dairy cows and
physical characteristics of total mixed ration (TMR).
Twenty Holstein cows were divided into two groups;
group C, receiving the traditional TMR, and group W,
receiving the TMR plus 10 l wheynegar. The dietary treatment,
lasted 35 days, did not affect milk yield and composition
except for the urea content, significantly lowered
in group W. The selection of coarse (<19 mm), medium
(8-19 mm) and fine (< 8 mm) dietary particles was not
influenced by the wheynegar administration however a
tendential lower selection against coarse particles was
noted in W group. The results clearly highlight that
microbial biotechnologies may significantly contribute to
both the reduction of the polluting load of whey and the
development of a stable nutrient recycling system within
the dairy food chain
Inactivation of wine spoilage yeasts Dekkera bruxellensis using low electric current treatment (LEC)
No full textAims: The objective of this study was to investigate the inactivation of a selected yeast Dekkera bruxellensis strain 4481 in red wine by application of low electric current treatment (LEC).
Methods and Results: LEC (200 mA) was applied for 60 days to a red wine, Montepulciano d’Abruzzo, in an alternative strategy to the SO2 addition during wine storage. The LEC effect on both cell activity and microflora viability was assessed. LEC decreased significantly the survival viable cells and increased the death rate of D. bruxellensis strain 4481 yeast. A final comparison was made of the main physico-chemical parameters of the wine after the different treatments. The study suggests the importance of an appropriate LEC treatment which limits wine deterioration in terms of off-flavours synthesis.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the growth of undesirable Dekkera can be inhibited by low voltage treatment; LEC was shown to be useful to prevent wine spoilage and has the potential of being a concrete alternative method for controlling wine spoilage.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Wine spoilage can be avoided by preventing the growth of undesirable Dekkera yeasts, through the effective use of LEC in the winemaking process
The bioremoval of nitrate and sulfate alterations on artistic stonework: the case-study of Matera Cathedral after six years from the treatment.
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Scaling-up in industrial winemaking using low electric current as an alternative to sulfur dioxide addition.
No full textBio-cleaning of cultural heritage surfaces: biotechnological contributions. Bioremediation of works of art
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The bioremoval of nitrate and sulfate alterations on artistic stonework: The case-study of Matera Cathedral after six years from the treatment
No full textThe bioremoval of nitrate and sulfate salts from the tuff stone surfaces of 12th century Matera Cathedral, which had been altered by nitrates and sulfates, using nitrate and sulphate reducing bacteria was performed.
The bioremoval treatment was based on the direct application onto the altered stone surfaces of a previously-isolated Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes KF707 strain and Desulfovibrio vulgaris ATCC 29579 cells.
The two strains were entrapped in a Carbogel and applied individually and together to the vertical wall; the protocol adopted included a multilayer biosystem, as a solution to maximise the efficacy of the biocleaning process on artistic stonework.
The biological procedure resulted in the efficient, homogeneous removal of surface deposits and salt alterations. In fact, at 24 h the strains had removed 55% of the nitrate and 85% of the sulfate deposits, respectively.
After six years from the original application the results show further improvements in microbial technology when applied to "bioremoval" and "biocleaning" of cultural heritage surface alterations
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