1,720,974 research outputs found
Top-down task goals induce the retrieval state
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Smith, D.E., & Long, N.M. (2024) Top-down task goals induce the retrieval state. Journal of Neuroscienc
Response-locked theta dissociations reveal potential feedback signal following successful retrieval
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Smith, D.E., Wheelock, J.R. & Long, N.M. (2024) Response-locked theta dissociations reveal potential feedback signal following successful retrieval. Imaging Neuroscienc
The impact of top-down and bottom-up factors on memory states.
No full textThe retrieval mode or state (Tulving, 1983; Rugg & Wilding, 2000) is hypothesized to constitute a set of operations that support controlled episodic memory retrieval which enables, but is distinct from, successful episodic retrieval. The retrieval state should be present regardless of retrieval success (Lepage, Ghaffar, Nyberg, & Tulving, 2000) and yet behavioral evidence suggests that retrieval success may produce a retrieval state (Duncan, Sadanand, & Davachi, 2012). Top-down, explicit instructions to retrieve induce retrieval (Long & Kuhl, 2019, 2021). However, we have also found that temporal proximity between categorically related stimuli can promote retrieval independent from top-down demands (Smith, Moore, & Long, 2022). Our aim in the present study is to identify the joint impact of bottom-up factors such as stimulus repetition and top-down retrieval demands on the retrieval state. We will collect scalp electroencephalography (EEG) data during two recognition memory tasks in which test-phase goals are manipulated. We will use cross-study multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) to assess test-phase memory state evidence
Evidence for a reactionary account of retrieval state initiation.
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Han, S. & Long, N.M. (In press) Evidence for a reactionary account of retrieval state initiation. Imaging Neuroscienc
The role of intrinsic reward in episodic memory retrieval.
No full textReward-related (e.g. striatum) regions are more active during successful item retrieval compared to correct identification of a new stimulus in the absence of explicit reward (Spaniol et al., 2009; Clos, Schwarze, Gluth, Bunzeck, & Sommer, 2015). One interpretation of this finding is that successful retrieval is intrinsically rewarding. Alternatively, these signals may reflect goal attain- ment; in a typical recognition experiment, the subjects’ goal to identify old items is confounded with successful retrieval. Test-phase theta power is greater for identification of previously stud- ied items (hits) vs rejection of novel lures (correct rejections, CRs; Nyhus & Curran, 2010). Theta power also increases following negative relative to positive outcomes across cognitive control tasks (Cavanagh & Frank, 2014). Our aim in the present study is to investigate whether test-phase theta signals reflect intrinsic reward or goal attainment. We will collect scalp electroencephalography (EEG) data during two recognition memory tasks in which test-phase goals are manipulated to as- sess memory vs. feedback related theta signals. We will use multivariate pattern analyses (MVPA) to assess test-phase feedback evidence
Prior memory responses modulate behavior and brain state engagement
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Wheelock, J. R. & Long, N.M. (2024) Prior memory responses modulate behavior and brain state engagemen
Semantic associations restore neural encoding mechanisms
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Moore, I. L. and Long, N. M. (2024) Semantic associations restore neural encoding mechanisms. Learning & Memory 31(3
The impact of post-retrieval test-phase extrinsic reward on subsequent memory.
No full textAssociating a study item with a potential reward (e.g. monetary compensation) – a reward that will be received if the item is remembered at test – impacts the likelihood that the item is later re- membered (Loftus & Wickens, 1970; Adcock, Thangavel, Whitfield-Gabrieli, Knutson, & Gabrieli, 2006; Marini, Marzi, & Viggiano, 2011), with higher potential rewards leading to better subsequent memory. Prior behavioral work has investigated extrinsic reward during test and have found mixed results (Shigemune, Tsukiura, Nouchi, Kambara, & Kawashima, 2017; Castanheira, Lalla, Ocampo, Otto, & Sheldon, 2022). Shigemune and colleagues found higher hit rates for items in a high compared to low reward condition in a difficult recognition task, whereas Castanheira and colleagues found no effect of reward during test. However, these studies used anticipatory methods such that participants were aware prior to retrieval that there was a potential to receive a reward for remembering. Thus, it is an open question how receiving a reward immediately following memory retrieval impacts subsequent behavior. Our aim in the present study is to investigate how extrinsic reward following memory retrieval impacts subsequent memory. We will collect behavioral data during four recognition memory tasks in which we manipulate test-phase reward delivery to assess the impact of extrinsic reward on subsequent memory performance
The intersection of the retrieval state and internal attention.
No full textThis project contains raw data, experimental codes, and analysis codes for the study reported in:
Long, N. M. (2023) The interaction of the retrieval state and internal attention. Nature Communications, 14:386
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