1,721,102 research outputs found
The spermatozoon of Lumbrineris (Scholetoma) impatients (Claparède, 1868) (Polychaeta, Lumbrineridae)
No full textThe sperm morphology of the polychaete Lumbrineris (Scoletoma) impatiens (Claparede, 1868) (Polychaeta, Lumbrineridae) of a sub-tidal population from the Gulf of Naples was studied both by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). In particular, the ultrastructural characteristics of mature male cells, the shape and structure of the acrosome, the nucleus and the flagellum were investigated by TEM. HRSEM images show the sperm external morphology and allow to classify the male gamete as an ect-aquasperm, by having a short head, four to five rounded mitochondria and a long tail, and generally associated with free-spawning. The structure of the spermatozoon of L. impatiens strictly recalls that of the male cell of the Lumbrineris sp. collected in New South Wales, Australia, the only one of the genus so far examined. On the other hand, by comparing these findings with those obtained on the external morphology of male gametes of the Lumbrineris sp. from Grappler Inlet, Vancouver Island, it emerges once again that significant variations are present. This confirms the extraordinary variability of polychaetes' reproductive characters even at genus level
L’anatomista Giuseppe Nazzareno Sterzi (1876-2019) nel centenario della sua tragica scomparsa
No full textCorrado Tumiati, Luigi Castaldi and their reappraisal of the role of Clemente Susini (1754-1814) in the accomplishment of the anatomical wax models of La Specola and of those now in Cagliari.
No full textThe evolution of Clemente Susini’s anatomical iconography from his beginnings at La Specola waxwork to his artistic maturity, as seen in the collection of Cagliari
Full text linkIn 1772, Clemente Susini (1754-1814) freshly graduated at the Florentine Accademia di Belle Arti was hired, as assistant of the sculptor Giuseppe Ferrini and dissector aid, by Felice Fontana (1730-1805) physicist of the Grand-ducal court. The latter was then setting up the ceroplastic workshop of the Regio e Imperiale Museo di Fisica e Storia Naturale (called La Specola) funded by the Grand-Duke Peter Leopold. Ten years later, he was appointed first modeller, a job that he carried on until the end of his life. In forty years of work Susini realized, or oversaw, the production of over 2000 wax models most of which for the great collection of La Specola in Florence and that of the Josephinum in Vienna completed in 1780-1786 [1]. Aside from both the former, made under Fontana’s directorship, Susini produced other models commissioned to the Museum from Italy and abroad. Noteworthy, among these is the collection for Cagliari made in collaboration with the Sardinian anatomist Francesco Antonio Boi (1767-1850) in 1803-1805. At the time, Fontana was no more interested in wax modelling and Susini was free, at last, to fully express himself. Cagliari’s waxes are more realistic, there are no posing figures, and the models do not exhibit the “rosy skin” of those of La Specola and Vienna. Most of the 23 cases bear the date and Susini’s signature, a seal of authorship lacking in the other collections of Florentine waxes. The target of Susini and Boi appears to be quite different from that seen in the earlier collections. The References to clinical and functional anatomy seem purposely pointed out in order to give students of surgery and medicine relevant information on their professional training. There is no attempt to make anatomy more attractive for a general public or to educate citizens according to the project of “popularizing” anatomy so dear to Fontana and Peter Leopold. Moreover, it seems that Susini and Boi have reached a degree of “cooperation of art and science” that anticipate the current trend of anatomical illustration [2]
Scientific achievements in the Clemente Susini’s anatomical models of the University of Cagliari
No full textThe waxes of Cagliari were manufactured between 1803-1805, and represent a work of the maturity of Clemente Susini (1754-1814) the chief modeller of La Specola. The dissections reproduced by Susini were carried out by Francesco Antonio Boi (Olzai,1767-Cagliari, 1865), from the University of Cagliari who had been sent on purpose to Florence by the Viceroy Carlo Felice of Savoy (1765-1831). The models which arrived in Cagliari in 1806 contained in 23 showcases, are attached to 23 wooden tables that bear the original tag with date and Susini’s signature. The latter is a distinctive character in that, of the over 2000 models accomplished under Susini’ guidance, only a few bear his signature. Moreover, they were made when Susini was eventually free from the influence of Felice Fontan. By order of Carlo Felice the models to be made for Cagliari, which consist of a special mix of waxes able to resist the hot climate of south Sardinia, had to be unique and, thus, at variance with those of La Specola, no copies of them are seen in other collections. On the other hand, possibly thanks to Francesco Antonio Boi, a few mistakes seen in the collections of Florence, Vienna, and Bologna, such as the presence of lymphatics in the human brain, are absent here. A distinctive character is the relevance given to visceral and somatic nerves which are shown in more than one third of the models. Of particular relevance is a representation of human brain convolutions preceding the one published by Rolando in 1830, and an extremely accurate and detailed preparartion of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. An overall evaluation of the collection greatly emphasizes both his artistic and scientific values, reflecting the intelligent cooperation between the Florentine artist and the Sardinian anatomist
Morphometric study of intercellular junctions seen by HRSEM in some human exocrine epithelia
No full textThe Collection of Clemente Susini's anatomical waxes in Cagliari: its historical, scientific, teaching and artistic value
No full textOlfactory screening test in 115 Sardinian subjects
No full textIntroduction: Olfactory function plays important role in human life and a decrease in olfaction induces daily life problems especially in food intake (1). The main components of olfactory function are odor threshold (OT), odor identification (OI) and odor discrimination (OD) (2). The most important causes of olfactory deficits are infections of upper respiratory tract, sinonasal diseases, head trauma and allergic rhinitis. Aim of this study is to analyze olfactory performance, assessed by “Sniffin’ Sticks” test, in Sardinian subjects.
Materials and methods: Olfactory function was performed by the “Sniffin’ Sticks” test for OT, OI and OD in 115 participants (85 females and 30 males, mean age was 31.31±10.62).
Results: The participants were assigned into 3 groups: normosmics, hyposmics and hyperosmics, according to Hummel et al. (2). Our results indicate that 88 subjects are normosmics, 20 hyposmics and 7 hyperosmics. Normosmics mean values were 8.52±1.94, 13.39±1.41 and 12.50±1.74 for OT, OI and OD, respectively. Hyposmics mean values were 5.97±1.37, 11.05±1.43 and 9.54±2.09, while hyperosmics mean values were 15.98±0.04, 13.57±1.61 and 13.57±1.40 for OT, OI and OD, respectively. Mean values of threshold, identification and discrimination (TDI) score, which is the sum of these three test, was significantly different in hyposmics and hyperosmics respect to normosmics (p<0.0001 and p<0.001, respectively).
Discussion: Our results show the presence of normosmic, hyposmic and hyperosmic subjects in a selected sample of Sardinian people, similarly to data obtained in other countries (2,3)
Eustachius’s Tabulae Anatomicae, in the 300dt anniversary of their publication by Lancisi in 1714 in Rome
Full text linkAround 1550 Bartolomaeus Eustachius (1510?-1574), the great rival of Vesalius, joined the medical faculty of the University La Sapienza in Rome, and there are records that in the years 1555-1566 he held there the chair of Practical Medicine, where he had his pupil Pier Matteo Pini as first sector. During his lifetime Eustachius published only the Opuscola Anatomica (Venetiis 1563/64) containing six libelli (booklets) among which are of seminal importance those on kidney, teeth, auditory organ, and venous system. In 1552, under the direction of Eustachius and his assistant Pier Matteo Pini, 47 tables, then engraved in copper, were prepared by the Roman artist Giulio de’ Musi. Although they were treasured by Eustachius who bequeathed them to the family of Pini, they were unpublished and lost, though were searched repeatedly even by the great Marcello Malpighi. The plates were eventually found and acquired by Pope Clemente XI through the efforts of his physician Giovanni Maria Lancisi who published them in 1714 with new captions for the original had been lost. The title page also bears the beautiful engraving drawn by Pietro Leone Ghezzi from Ascoli, a painter of the papal court, and author of the official portrait of Pope Clement XI. Even though they became to be known more than one century and a half after their completion, the tables arouse such interest and praise among the most prominent scientists of the early XVIII century that, besides that by Lancisi, other editions, with new legends and comments, were printed from the original copper blocks or from re-engravings. Among the latter the best reproduced and commented are those by B.S Albinus, Leyden 1744, that became the anatomy reference book for the rest of the century. Through Albinus, a friend of Felice Fontana, Eustachius’s tables served, according to some critics, as models for the muscle figures in wax exhibited in the museums of La Specola in Florence and in the Iosephinum in Vienna
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