177,262 research outputs found
Mesotelioma multicistico del peritoneo. Scattone A, Pennella A, Marinaccio M, Lonigro G, Ricco R, Pollice L, Serio G
No full textFamily functioning and binge drinking among Italian adolescents
No full textLimited studies have sought to describe binge drinking among adolescents and even fewer studies have attempted to examine whether family functioning, family communication and satisfaction could be associated with alcohol abuse. Our sample was made up of 726 Italian adolescents between the ages of 16 and 18. According to previous research, adolescents were categorized into non-drinkers, social, binge and heavy drinkers. Results showed that social, binge and heavy drinkers differ in terms of some drinking variables, family functioning, family communication and satisfaction. © The Author(s) 2012
Binge eating and binge drinking behaviors: Individual differences in adolescents' identity styles
No full textConsidering the significant negative consequences that are directly related to binge eating and drinking behaviors, many studies have explored the reasons why adolescents engage in them. This study examined the differences in the development, maintenance, and co-occurrence of "binge" behaviors associated with adolescent's identity style and the level of commitment. One thousand four hundred Italian adolescents completed self-report measures assessing binge behaviors and identity styles. Overall, results show that diffused adolescents were more likely to be engaged in binge eating and binge drinking behaviors than others, validating the idea that the achievement of a consolidated ego identity is important for enhancing well-being. © The Author(s) 2013
Social behaviour, socio-cognitive skills and attachment style in school-aged children: what is the relation with academic outcomes?
No full textThe present research explored the relation between socio-cognitive skills, as Theory of Mind and affective empathy, social behaviour, attachment style and scholastic success in children, aged from 8 to 11 years (N = 159; 90 females, 69 males; Mage = 9,60; DS =.78). Several assessment tools were administered to children on mentalizing abilities (Stories), empathy (FASTE), language (PPVT-R), attachment style (SAT) and learning (M.T. and AC-MT 6-11), while the teachers were asked to complete a questionnaire about every child’s social behaviour (SDQ). The correlational analysis and MANOVA prove that ‘secure’ children show more prosocial behaviour, moral mentalizing and empathic capacities in the classroom, receiving better evaluations from teachers and in learning tests. Moreover, socio-cognitive skills and prosocial behaviour are associated with academic performance, while the affective empathy is only related to teachers’ evaluations. Finally, the implications of these findings for theoretical and research development on socio-cognitive skills are discussed
A thyroid-specific nuclear protein essential for tissue-specific expression of the thyroglobulin promoter.
No full textSecond toe transplantation to reconstruct digits
No full textIn congenital absence of fingers or in post-traumatic amputations of the thumb or fingers, reconstruction by microsurgical toe-to-hand transfer is becoming a common treatment for these difficult problems. In case of congenital absence of the thumb, fingers, or both, these transfers can provide acceptable growth, function and sensation of the transferred toes with a current success rate usually greater than 95%. The most commonly transplanted toe is the second toe, since it is the longest toe and combines all the useful characteristics of a finger (such as joint, a nail, sensitive pulp tissue, and the ability to growth) with a good reliable blood supply. In this article, we discuss the rationale for this treatment approach, by considering the indications to treatment, the patient's preoperatory assessment, and the long-term results. We also report a case of a 4-year-old female child, suffering from congenital partial absence of second finger of the left hand, who underwent reconstruction by transfer of the second toes of foot
Social Anxiety and Peer Communication Quality During Adolescence: The Interaction of Social Avoidance, Empathic Concern and Perspective Taking
No full textBackground: Social anxiety is negatively related to peer communication quality during adolescence, with detrimental consequences for social functioning. However, the research about the factors that may moderate this relationship is still limited, and no studies have yet explored the possible interaction role of empathy systems. Objective: The study investigated the effects of social anxiety and empathy dimensions on peer communication quality in adolescent boys and girls. A three-way interaction between social avoidance, empathic concern and perspective taking was hypothesized. Method: Participants were 372 Italian adolescents (Mage = 16.4; SDage = 1.56; age range 15–20; 189 boys and 183 girls). Self-report questionnaires administered at school assessed: fear of negative evaluations, general social avoidance, avoidance of new social situations, empathic concern, perspective taking and peer communication quality. Results: For girls, empathic concern and general social avoidance were significantly related to peer communication quality. Conversely for boys, we found significant associations for perspective taking, general social avoidance and avoidance of new situations, and a three-way interaction involving general social avoidance, empathic concern and perspective taking. In presence of low perspective taking and high empathic concern, social avoidance was negatively related to peer communication quality in boys. Conversely, for high levels of perspective taking and high versus low empathic concern, the same relationship was not significant. Conclusions: A specific dysfunctional pattern of empathy—low perspective taking and high empathic concern—significantly enhanced the negative relationship between social avoidance and peer communication quality in boys, suggesting that these adolescents are at risk in social functioning
Dysfunctional metacognition processes as risk factors for drunkorexia during adolescence
No full textAlthough metacognitive dysfunction has been associated with eating disorders, to our knowledge no study has yet explored the relation between metacognition and drunkorexia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of metacognitive processes in drunkorexia in a sample of adolescents. A total sample of 719 adolescents (353 females, 366 boys; age range 15-20) completed a self-report survey composed of Compensatory Eating and Behaviors in Response to Alcohol Consumption Scale, AUDIT-C, Metacognitions Questionnaire-30, and Positive Alcohol Metacognitions Scale. Our results showed that drunkorexia was associated with dysfunctional metacognitive processes; specifically, findings from logistic regression analysis revealed that the metacognitive beliefs in the need to control thoughts, the negative beliefs about the uncontrollability and danger of worrying and the positive metacognitions about alcohol use were significant predictors of drunkorexia. Our study suggests the relevance for prevention efforts to train adolescents to develop alternative self-regulation strategies and more adaptive ways of monitoring thoughts
The thyroid transcription factor-1 gene is a candidate target for regulation by Hox proteins.
No full textVertebrate Hox homeobox genes are transcription factors which regulate antero-posterior axial identity in embryogenesis, presumably through activation and/or repression of downstream target genes. Some of these targets were reported to code for molecules involved in cell-cell interactions, whereas no relationship has yet been demonstrated between Hox genes and other transcription factors involved in determining and/or maintaining tissue specificity. The thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is a homeodomain-containing protein required for expression of thyroid-specific genes. A 862 bp 5' genomic fragment of the rat TTF-1 gene, conferring thyroid-specific expression to a reporter gene, was sufficient to mediate transactivation by the human HOXB3 gene in co-transfection assay in both NIH3T3 or HeLa cells. HOXB3 is expressed in early mammalian embryogenesis in the anterior neuroectoderm, branchial arches and their derivatives, including the area of the thyroid primordia and thyroid gland. Transcription of the TTF-1 promoter is induced only by HOXB3, while its paralogous gene HOXD3 or other Hox genes expressed more posteriorly (HOXA4, HOXD4, HOXC5, HOXC6, HOXC8 and Hoxd-8) have no effect. Transactivation by HOXB3 is mediated by two binding sites containing an ATTA core located at -100 and +30 from the transcription start site. DNase I footprinting experiments show that the two sites bind HOXB3 protein synthesized in both Escherichia coli and eukaryotic cells, as well as nuclear factor(s) present in protein extracts obtained from mouse embryonic tissues which express group 3 Hox genes and TTF-1. Some of the DNA-protein complexes formed by the embryonic extracts are indistinguishable from those generated by HOXB3. These data suggest that HOXB3 might be a transcriptional regulator of the TTF-1 gene in early embryogenesis, and could therefore participate in the specification and development of the thyroid gland
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