1,720,967 research outputs found
Occupational exposure and chronic heart failure severity
No full textLo scompenso cardiaco cronico (SCC) è una patologia
caratterizzata dall’incapacità del muscolo cardiaco di apportare all’organismo
una quantità di sangue adeguata ai bisogni metabolici e circolatori.
I principali fattori di rischio per l’insorgenza dello SCC sono:
ipertensione arteriosa, diabete, ipercolesterolemia, obesità, fumo, malattie
renali croniche.
È noto che alcune esposizioni lavorative, quali temperature estremamente
elevate o troppo basse, prolungata esposizione a rumore, vibrazioni,
pesticidi, ecc, possono contribuire all’eziologia di questa patologia.
Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di valutare se l’esposizione
professionale può influire sulla gravità dello SCC.
Abbiamo condotto un’analisi retrospettiva sui primi 76 soggetti
fumatori di età superiore ai 65 anni, che si sono presentati al Centro
dello Scompenso che sono risultati affetti da SCC. I pazienti sono stati
divisi in quattro gruppi in base alle mansioni lavorative svolte: impiegati,
agricoltori, metalmeccanici e soggetti con esposizioni professionali
diverse (parrucchiera, fuochista, muratore, ecc.). I nostri risultati
hanno evidenziato che gli agricoltori hanno una frazione di
eiezione del ventricolo sinistro minore rispetto agli impiegati
(p=0.0045) pur non essendoci differenza di classe NYHA e/o di presenza/
assenza dei fattori di rischio dello SCC. Questi dati suggeriscono
pertanto che la mansione di agricoltore si associa ad una maggiore
gravità dello SCC
Expression of IL-10 by CD8+ T Cells Is a Favorable Prognostic Factor in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
No full textCD8+ T cells have a controversial role in controlling cancer growth depending on their phenotype.
The aim of our study was to investigate the role of interleukin (IL)-10+ve CD8+ T regulatory cells on the progression and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Tissue specimens from 64 smokers, who underwent surgical resection for NSCLC, were immunostained to quantify CD8+ T cells in cancer stroma and in cancer cell nest. Furthermore, double immunohistochemistry was used to identify and count IL-10+ve CD8+ T cells. Results were expressed as the number of CD8+ T cells/area and as the percentage of IL-10+ve CD8+ T cells/total CD8+ T cells.
The percentage of IL-10+ve CD8+ T cells was higher in stage I as compared to stage II, III and IV NSCLC in cancer stroma (p=0.0005). Conversely, the number of CD8+ T cells was not different between stage I and stage II, III, IV of NSCLC both in cancer stroma and in cancer cell nest.
CD8+ T regulatory cells expressing IL-10 were a significant independent predictor of early tumour stage (logistic model coefficient: p=0.0015). Furthermore, NSCLC patients with a higher percentage of IL-10+ve CD8+ T cells had a longer survival than those with a lower percentage (logrank: p=0.0386).
In conclusion, the IL-10+ve CD8+ T cell regulatory phenotype seems to be associated with a favourable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer
CD8+ T cells expressing IL-10 are associated with a favourable prognosis in lung cancer
No full textThe dual role of tumour-infiltrating macrophages and lymphocytes on nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression and prognosis may be due to the differential activity of their phenotypes. To investigate the impact of inflammatory cells on NSCLC, we first quantified the number of macrophages (CD68+) and lymphocytes (CD8+ and CD4+) and the percentage of CD8+ cells expressing IL-10 (CD8+/IL-10+) in tumour stroma and epithelium. Then, we evaluated the possible relationships between the numbers of these cells and the clinicopathological features and the overall survival of patients.Paraffin-embedded sections of surgical specimens from 64 patients who had undergone surgery for NSCLC were immunostained with antibodies directed against CD68, CD4, CD8 and IL-10.The percentage of CD8+/IL-10+ cells was higher in cancer stroma of patients with stage I NSCLC than in those with stages II, III, and IV. High percentages of stromal CD8+/IL-10+ cells were associated with longer overall patient survival. In contrast, the number of CD68+, CD8+ and CD4+ cells did not differ between stage I NSCLC and stages II, III, and IV.In conclusion, the survival advantage of patients with stage I NSCLC may be related to the anti-tumour activity of the CD8+/IL-10+ cell phenotype. © 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Tumour-infiltrating CD8+ cells expressing IL-10, but not CD8+, CD4+ and CD68+ cells, are associated with a better prognosis in patients with NSCLC
No full textTumour-infiltrating inflammatory cells can influence the progression and prognosis of solid tumours, but their role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still controversial.
We investigated the relationships between the numbers of tumour-infiltrating CD8+, CD4+ and CD68+ cells with the clinicopathological features and the survival of patients with NSCLC. Likewise, we evaluated the role of interleukin (IL)-10+ CD8+ regulatory cells on the progression and prognosis of NSCLC.
Tissue specimens from 64 smokers who underwent surgical resection for NSCLC were immunostained to quantify CD8+, CD4+ and CD68+ cells in cancer stroma and cancer cell nests. Double immunohistochemistry was used to identify and count IL-10+ CD8+ cells. Results were expressed as the number of CD8+ cells/area and as the percentage of IL-10+ CD8+ cells/total CD8+ cells.
The numbers of CD8+, CD4+ and CD68+ cells in cancer stroma and cancer cell nests were similar in stage I as compared to stages II, III and IV NSCLC. Moreover, they did not correlate with the overall patient survival. Conversely, the percentage of IL-10+ CD8+ cells in cancer stroma was higher in stage I as compared to stages II, III and IV NSCLC (p=0.0005). Furthermore, survival was significantly longer in patients with a higher percentage of IL-10+ CD8+ cells than in those with a lower percentage (logrank: p=0.0386).
In conclusion, IL-10+ CD8+ cells appear to be associated with a better prognosis in patients with NSCLC. The positive prognostic impact on survival of CD8+ T regulatory cells could be linked to their tumour-suppressing activity
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and occupational exposures
No full textAbstract Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both industrialized and developing countries. Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for COPD. However, relevant information from the literature published within the last years, either on general population samples or on workplaces, indicate that about 15% of all cases of COPD is work-related. Specific settings and agents are quoted which have been indicated or confirmed as linked to COPD. Coal miners, hard-rock miners, tunnel workers, concrete-manufacturing workers, nonmining industrial workers have been shown to be at highest risk for developing COPD. Further evidence that occupational agents are capable of inducing COPD comes from experimental studies, particularly in animal models. In conclusion, occupational exposure to dusts, chemicals, gases should be considered an established, or supported by good evidence, risk factor for developing COPD. The implications of this substantial occupational contribution to COPD must be considered in research planning, in public policy decision-making, and in clinical practice.</p
Decreased heme-oxygenase (HO)-1 in the macrophages of non-small cell lung cancer
No full textReactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the initiation and promotion of cells to neoplastic growth. Heme-oxygenase (HO)-1, the inducible form of heme-oxygenase, is a cytoprotective enzyme that plays a central role in the defence against oxidative stress and is implicated in the protection of lung tissue against exogenous oxidant exposure. We investigated whether the expression of HO-1 would be decreased in lung tumour as compared with tumour-free adjacent lung tissues. HO-1 expression was quantified by immunohistochemistry in tumour macrophages, in macrophages of tumour-free lung and in tumour cells of surgical specimens collected from 53 individuals with surgically resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of HO-1 was decreased in tumour as compared with tumour-free lung macrophages. No correlations were observed between the expression of HO-1 and both the clinicopathological characteristics and the overall survival of the examined subjects. In conclusion, our data show that macrophages of non-small cell lung cancer exhibit impaired anti-oxidant defence mechanisms, likely mediated by HO-1. Conversely, HO-1 expression does not seem to be associated with lung tumour progression and prognosis
CC Ligand 2 levels are increased in LPS-stimulated peripheral monocytes of patients with Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
No full textNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) shows a particular aggressive behaviour. Tumour associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumour growth and progression and CC ligand 2 (CCL2)/CCR2 axis is markedly involved in their recruitment in the tumour mass from the circulation. The aim of this study was to determine the plasma levels of CCL2 and the expression of CCR2 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 18 smokers with NSCLC, eight healthy smokers and nine non-smokers. Then, we investigated CCL2 levels in the supernatants of unstimulated and LPS-stimulated PBMC cultures of the same groups of patients. CCL2 levels in plasma and supernatants of PBMC cultures were determined by ELISA. CCR2 expression in PBMC cytospins was assessed by immunocytochemistry. CCL2 plasma levels and CCR2 expression by PBMCs were similar in patients with NSCLC, healthy smokers and non-smokers. In the supernatants of unstimulated PBMC cultures, CCL2 content was not different between the three groups of subjects. Supernatants of LPS-stimulated PBMCs of NSCLC patients showed a higher content of CCL2 as compared to supernatants of non-smokers (p<0.005). CCL2 content increased 28.5-fold vs baseline production in the group of NSCLC patients, 15-fold in healthy smokers and 13-fold in the group of non-smokers. In conclusion, after LPS stimulation, PBMCs of patients with NSCLC release higher levels of CCL2 as compared to those of non-smokers, supporting the hypothesis of a CCL2 involvement in NSCLC biology
Occupational exposure to respiratory irritants and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
No full textPattern of food intolerance in patients with gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms
No full textMany food items have been involved in gastro-esophageal reflux disease pathogenesis and dietary modification has been proposed as first-line treatment. Test-based exclusion diets have shown to significantly reduce reflux symptoms. we aimed to assess the patterns of food intolerance in a series of patients with typical gastro-esophageal reflux symptoms (GERS)
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