6,592 research outputs found
Prolog+CG: A Maintainer's Perspective
No full text Prolog+CG is an implementation of Prolog with Conceptual Graphs as first-class datastructures, on a par with terms. As such, it lends itself well to applications in which reasoning with Conceptual Graphs and/or ontologies plays a role. It as originally developed by Prof. Dr. Adil Kabbaj, who in 2004 turned over maintainership of Prolog+ CG to the present author. In this paper, Prolog+CG is described in terms of its history, evolution, and maintenance. A special web-enabled version of Prolog+CG is also described. Possible interoperability with CGIF and the CharGer tool are explored. Finally, we offer some general observations about the tenets that make Prolog+CG a success.</p
The thermolysis and photolysis of diazirines
No full textPT: J; CR: AMRICH MJ, 1964, J AM CHEM SOC, V86, P292 ARCHER WH, 1976, J CHEM SOC F1, V72, P1448 BAYLEY H, 1978, BIOCHEMISTRY-US, V17, P2420 BIGOT B, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P6575 BOTTOMLEY GA, 1964, AUST J CHEM, V17, P406 BRADLEY GF, 1977, J CHEM SOC P2, P1214 BRASLAVSKY S, 1977, CHEM REV, V77, P473 BRIDGE MR, 1969, J CHEM SOC A, P91 BRUNNER J, 1980, J BIOL CHEM, V255, P3313 BURKHOLDER CD, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P2841 CADMAN P, 1974, J SA CHEM I, V27, P149 CHANG KT, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P5082 CHAPMAN OL, 1976, J AM CHEM SOC, V98, P7844 CRISTY SS, 1970, INT J MASS SPECTROM, V5, P319 ENGEL PS, 1980, CHEM REV, V80, P99 ENGELBRECHT WJ, 1975, J S AFR CHEM I, V28, P144 ENGELBRECHT WJ, 1975, J S AFR CHEM I, V28, P148 ENGELBRECHT WJ, 1975, J S AFR CHEM I, V28, P158 ERNI B, 1980, J AM CHEM SOC, V102, P3888 FIGUERA JM, 1978, J CHEM SOC F1, P809 FRANICH RA, 1972, J CHEM SOC P1, P2034 FREY HM, 1962, J AM CHEM SOC, V84, P2647 FREY HM, 1962, J CHEM SOC, P3865 FREY HM, 1962, P CHEM SOC, P79 FREY HM, 1964, J CHEM SOC, P4700 FREY HM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P1700 FREY HM, 1965, J CHEM SOC, P3101 FREY HM, 1966, ADV PHOTOCHEM, V4, P225 FREY HM, 1966, J CHEM SOC A, P968 FREY HM, 1970, J CHEM SOC A, P1916 FREY HM, 1977, J CHEM SOC F1, P2010 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 GRILLER D, UNPUB JENNINGS BM, 1976, J AM CHEM SOC, V98, P6416 JONES M, 1973, CARBENE, V1 JONES WE, 1976, J PHOTOCHEM, V5, P311 KIRMSE W, 1971, CARBENE CHEM LELEU MJ, 1978, CAHIERS NOTES DOCUME, V93, P569 LIU MTH, UNPUB LIU MTH, 1972, CAN J CHEM, V50, P3009 LIU MTH, 1972, INT J CHEM KINET, V4, P229 LIU MTH, 1972, J PHYS CHEM-US, V76, P797 LIU MTH, 1973, CAN J CHEM, V51, P2393 LIU MTH, 1974, CAN J CHEM, V52, P246 LIU MTH, 1974, CHEM ENG NEWS 0909, P3 LIU MTH, 1974, J CHEM SOC P2, P937 LIU MTH, 1977, CAN J CHEM, V55, P3596 LIU MTH, 1977, J ORG CHEM, V42, P3450 LIU MTH, 1977, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P3139 LIU MTH, 1979, CAN J CHEM, V57, P1299 LIU MTH, 1980, J PHYS CHEM-US, V84, P3184 LIU MTH, 1981, J CHEM SOC P2, P53 LOWE G, 1971, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1135 MAEDA Y, 1979, J AM CHEM SOC, V101, P837 MANSOOR AM, 1966, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1733 MEIER H, 1977, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V16, P835 MILLIGAN DE, 1964, J CHEM PHYS, V41, P1199 MITSCH RA, 1964, J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM, V1, P59 MITSCH RA, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P758 MITSCH RA, 1966, J HETEROCYCLIC CHEM, V3, P245 MIYASHI T, 1978, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P442 MOFFAT JB, 1978, CHEM DIAZONIUM DIA 1 MOORE CB, 1964, J CHEM PHYS, V41, P3504 MOSS RA, 1967, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P4905 MOSS RA, 1970, J AM CHEM SOC, V92, P6951 MOSS RA, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P6788 MOSS RA, 1978, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P775 MOSS RA, 1978, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1935 MOSS RA, 1979, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1277 NEUVARAND EW, 1967, J PHYS CHEM-US, V71, P1229 OVERBERGER CG, 1963, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1405 PAULSEN SR, 1960, ANGEW CHEM, V72, P781 PIERCE L, 1962, J AM CHEM SOC, V84, P2651 SCHMITZ E, 1961, ANGEW CHEM, V73, P115 SCHMITZ E, 1961, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P612 SCHMITZ E, 1962, CHEM BER, V95, P2714 SCHMITZ E, 1967, CHEM BER, V100, P2093 SCHMITZ E, 1967, DREIRINGE ZWEI HETER SCHMITZ E, 1971, 23RD INT C PUR ALL C, V2, P283 SCHMITZ E, 1979, ADV HETEROCYCL CHEM, V24, P63 SMITH NP, 1978, TETRAHEDRON LETT, P1931 SMITH NP, 1979, J CHEM SOC P2, P213 SMITH RAG, 1975, J CHEM SOC P2, P686 SU TT, 1978, J AM CHEM SOC, V100, P1872 VOIGT E, 1975, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V14, P103 VOIGT E, 1975, CHEM BER, V108, P3326; NR: 86; TC: 58; J9: CHEM SOC REV; PG: 14; GA: PJ228Source type: Electronic(1
Arylchlorocarbenes in the synthesis of heterocycles containing two nitrogen atoms
No full textSubstituted pyrazoles and pyrrolo[1,2-c]pyrimidines were prepared from the reaction of arylchlorocarbenes with 1,2-diazabuta-1,3-dienes and 4-vinylpyrimidines, respectively.PT: J; CR: ATTANASI A, 1998, J ORG CHEM, V63, P9880 ATTANASI OA, 1977, SYNLETT, P1128 ATTANASI OA, 1999, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V40, P3891 BONINI BF, 1981, J CHEM SOC P1, P2322 BONNEAU R, 1999, J PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO A, V126, P31 GRAHAM WH, 1965, J AM CHEM SOC, V87, P4396 KUEHNE ME, 1964, J ORG CHEM, V29, P1582 LIU MTH, 1994, INT J CHEM KINET, V26, P1179 MAIBORODA DA, 1997, J ORG CHEM, V62, P7100 MINGUEZ JM, 1996, J ORG CHEM, V61, P4655 MOYANO EL, 1998, J ORG CHEM, V63, P8188 OVERBERGER CG, 1954, J AM CHEM SOC, V76, P1879 PERKAMPUS HH, 1972, TETRAHEDRON, V28, P2099 ROMASHIN YN, 1999, CHEM COMMUN 0307, P447 ROMASHIN YN, 1999, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V40, P7163 WONG JL, 1965, J ORG CHEM, V30, P2398; NR: 16; TC: 6; J9: CHEM COMMUN; PG: 2; GA: 324XFSource type: Electronic(1
Voluntary corporate governance disclosure by post-apartheid South African corporations
No full textPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate as to whether post-Apartheid South African (SA) listed corporations voluntarily comply with and disclose recommended good corporate governance (CG) practices and, if so, the major factors that influence such voluntary CG disclosure behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – The paper constructs a broad voluntary CG disclosure index containing 50 CG provisions from the 2002 King Report using a sample of 169 SA listed corporations from 2002 to 2006. The authors also conduct regression analysis to identify the main drivers of voluntary CG disclosure. Findings – The results suggest that while compliance with, and disclosure of, good CG practices varies substantially among the sampled companies, CG standards have generally improved over the five-year period examined. The authors also find that block ownership is negatively associated with voluntary CG disclosure, while board size, audit firm size, cross-listing, the presence of a CG committee, government ownership and institutional ownership are positively related to voluntary CG disclosure. Practical implications – These findings have important implications for policy-makers and regulators. Evidence of improving CG standards implies that efforts by various stakeholders at improving CG standards in SA companies have had some positive impact on CG practices of SA firms. However, the substantial variation in the levels of compliance implies that enforcement may need to be strengthened further. Originality/value – There is a dearth of evidence on the level of compliance with the King Report. This study fills this gap by providing evidence for the first time on the level of compliance achieved, as well as contributing generally to the literature on compliance with codes of good governance and voluntary disclosure.<br/
Cg-TIMP, an inducible tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase from the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas with a potential role in wound healing and defense mechanisms(1)
No full textWe have cloned and characterized a cDNA encoding Cg-TIMP, the first tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase identified in mollusks. The isolated cDNA encodes a protein of 221 residues that has a domain organization similar to that of vertebrate TIMPs including a signal sequence, and the 12 cysteines characteristic of the TIMP signature. Analysis of Cg-TIMP expression in adult oyster tissues, by Northern blot and in situ hybridization, indicates that Cg-TIMP was only expressed in hemocytes which are the key components of defense mechanisms in mollusks. We also observed that Cg-TIMP mRNA accumulated during shell damage and bacterial challenge. This pattern of expression suggests that Cg-TIMP may be an important factor in wound healing and defense mechanisms.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; GENBANK/AF321279; JID: 0155157; 0 (DNA, Complementary); 0 (RNA, Messenger); 0 (TIMP protein, Crassostrea gigas); 0 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
CG and non-CG proximal sequence features.
No full textLogo plots of the sequences proximal to sites of CG, CHG, and CHH DNA methylation in each sequence context.</p
Subwavelength spinning of particles in vector cosine-Gaussian field with radial polarization
No full textA new type of radially polarized (RP) cosine-Gaussian (CG) field is proposed. Through the analytical model, it is found that such RP CG beam exhibits completely different focusing properties from the reported RP plane waves. More importantly, a stable three-dimensional trap of Rayleigh particle accompanied by a subwavelength spin motion can be easily achieved using this RP CG beam.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.ImPhys/Optic
Corporate governance, Islamic governance and earnings management in Oman: A new empirical insights from a behavioural theoretical framework
No full textPurpose: This paper examines the impact of corporate (CG) and Islamic (IG) governance mechanisms on corporate earnings management (EM) behaviour in Oman.
Design/Methodology/Approach: We employ one of the largest and extensive datasets to-date on CG, IG and EM in any developing country, consisting of a sample of 116 unique Omani listed corporations from 2001 to 2011 (i.e.,1,152 firm-year observations) and a broad CG index containing 72 CG provisions. We also employ a number of robust econometric models that sufficiently account for alternative CG/EM proxies and potential endogeneities.
Findings: First, we find that, on average, better-governed corporations tend to engage significantly less in EM than their poorly-governed counterparts. Second, our evidence suggests that corporations that depict greater commitment towards incorporating Islamic religious beliefs and values into their operations through the establishment of an IG committee tend to engage significantly less in EM than their counterparts without such a committee. Finally and by contrast, we do not find any evidence that board size, audit firm size, the presence of a CG committee and board gender diversity have any significant relationship with the extent of EM.
Originality: To the best of our knowledge, this is a first empirical attempt at examining the extent to which CG and IG structures may drive EM practices that explicitly seeks to draw new insights from a behavioural theoretical framework (i.e., behavioural theory of corporate boards and governance).
Keywords: Corporate governance, Islamic governance, earnings management, behavioural theory, endogeneity, Oman.
Paper type: Research pape
A Modified Liu and Storey Conjugate Gradient Method for Large Scale Unconstrained Optimization Problems
No full textThe conjugate gradient method is one of the most popular methods to solve large-scale unconstrained optimization problems since it does not require the second derivative, such as Newton’s method or approximations. Moreover, the conjugate gradient method can be applied in many fields such as neural networks, image restoration, etc. Many complicated methods are proposed to solve these optimization functions in two or three terms. In this paper, we propose a simple, easy, efficient, and robust conjugate gradient method. The new method is constructed based on the Liu and Storey method to overcome the convergence problem and descent property. The new modified method satisfies the convergence properties and the sufficient descent condition under some assumptions. The numerical results show that the new method outperforms famous CG methods such as CG-Descent 5.3, Liu and Storey, and Dai and Liao. The numerical results include the number of iterations and CPU time
Intercalation of polypyrrole into graphite oxide
No full textIn this paper we report on the insertion of polypyrrole into layered graphite oxide. This was achieved by using the exfoliating and re-stacking properties of the host. The resulting intercalated product was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.PT: J; CR: *ACS, 1996, ACS SYM SER, P622 BISSESSUR R, 2001, CHEM COMMUN 0907, P1598 BISSESSUR R, 2003, J MATER CHEM, V13, P44 BISSESSUR R, 2004, J MATER SCI, V39, P119 CASSAGNEAU T, 1998, ADV MATER, V10, P877 CASSAGNEAU T, 2000, LANGMUIR, V16, P7318 DING RF, 2003, POLYM DEGRAD STABIL, V81, P473 HUMMERS WS, 1958, J AM CHEM SOC, V80, P1339 KANATZIDIS MG, 1993, CHEM MATER, V5, P595 KOVTYUKHOVA NI, 1999, CHEM MATER, V11, P771 LIU ZH, 2002, LANGMUIR, V18, P4926 MATSUO Y, 1997, CARBON, V35, P113 MATSUO Y, 1998, CHEM MATER, V10, P2266 MATSUO Y, 2002, J MATER CHEM, V12, P1592 NAKAJIMA T, 1988, CARBON, V26, P357 WANG L, 1995, CHEM MATER, V7, P1753 WU CG, 1989, POLYM MATER SCI ENG, V61, P969 XIAO M, 2002, POLYMER, V43, P2245 XIAO P, 2000, CARBON, V38, P623; NR: 19; TC: 0; J9: SYNTHET METAL; PG: 5; GA: 093UXSource type: Electronic(1
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