1,721,002 research outputs found
Fiscal Policy as a Stabilization Instrument
No full textThis paper investigates the role of the fiscal authority in the case in which a negative shock hits the economic system. We analyze the several kinds of behavior that the fiscal authority can adopt during a crisis and show how the various approaches impact upon the effectiveness of fiscal policy. In general, there are two approaches: a) Adopt a neutral behavior or b) Adopt an active behavior in order to stabilize output volatility caused by a slump. Using a constrained minimization process it emerges that the mere use of a monetary policy is ineffective to counteract the crisis, with the risk of keeping the system in a situation in which aggregate demand falls below the potential output. In this context, an expansionary fiscal policy may be crucial to restore the output equilibrium
Trust in Political Institutions and inequality: Evidence from 15 European countries
No full textThe aim of this paper is to investigate whether the increase in income inequality contributed to the decline of citizens’ trust national political institutions in European Union. Using Eurobarometer data for fifteen European countries from 2001 to 2014, econometric analysis show three main results: a) the growth of income inequality negatively affected citizens’ trust in national government; b) the impact of income inequality on trust became stronger in the crisis period; c) the increase in income inequality contributed to the reduction of political trust mainly in the PIIGS countries. The results are robust also after having controlled for a set of economic and financial variables
The Equalising Power of Internal Immigration and the Desertification Process of Southern Italy
No full textAccording to some scholars, immigration can have a relevant role in the reduction of inequality. It has happened in the past and it may also happen in the future, as it is possible and desirable. However, migration in itself does not resolve definitely the issue of the inequalities and, moreover, in light of the recent studies on the effect of immigration, the exigency of additional in depth research on the impact of this phenomenon on regional disparities and income inequalities has become evident. The present paper faces these relevant issues, focusing on the regional impact of internal migration and attempting to demonstrate, with reference to the Italian case, how out-migration can increase income inequalities, thus hindering economic growth and exacerbating regional disparities, while immigration can reduce income inequalities and mitigate economic imbalances, according to the hypothesis of skilled immigration equalising, formulated in 2008 by Kahanec and Zimmermann
Governance of Immigration in Increasingly Divided Societies Empirical Evidence and Policy Proposals
No full textThe present paper deals with the issue of the governance of migratory phenomena and the desertification processes of whole regions or macroareas. In particular, it studies the effects of immigration on income inequality, attempting to demonstrate, through a critical review of the most recent research on the relationship between migration and inequality and an empirical investigation related to the effects of new internal migration in the Italian case, how out-migration can increase income inequalities, thus hindering economic growth and exacerbating regional disparities, while immigration can reduce income inequalities and mitigate economic imbalances, according to the hypothesis of skilled immigration equalising, formulated in 2008 by Kahanec and Zimmermann. From the analysis of the Italian case emerge, moreover, some useful suggestions to help policy makers and lawgivers in the management of internal migratory phenomena and counteract the human and industrial desertification of whole regions or macroareas
Citizens' Trust in Political Institutions and Income inequality in EU-15
No full textIn the last decade, European countries have experienced increases in income inequality and this phenomenon has become a source of increasing social and political problems. Moreover, the recent economic crisis seems to have caused an increasing disaffection on the part of the citizenry towards national and European institutions. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether increases in income inequality affected citizens’ trust in political institutions in EU-1
La Domanda di Micro credito. Analisi dei dati sulla condizione di povertà in Italia
Full text linkNel nostro paese, il problema della povertà ha raggiunto livelli tutt’altro che trascurabili, e richiede, soprattutto al Sud, l’adozione di misure di contrasto in grado di affrontare le differenze, talvolta assai marcate, tra le diverse condizioni di povertà. Una cosa è la condizione dell’anziano che vive di pensione – molto spesso di importo assai limitato - e per il quale sarebbero necessari tipi di interventi diversi dal microcredito, un’altra è quella del giovane, con un alto livello di istruzione, che non ha capitale per avviare un’attività imprenditoriale. In questo caso, la possibilità di usufruire di un finanziamento proveniente dal microcredito potrebbe rappresentare una via di uscita dalla povertà
The Equalising Power of Internal Immigration and Its Impact on Economic Growth of Southern Italy
No full textAccording to some scholars, immigration can have a very relevant role in the reduction of inequality. It has happened in the past and it may also happen in the future, as it is possible and desirable. However, migration in itself does not resolve the issue of the inequalities. At most, it would shift it forward, because redistribution through immigration does not exempt from previously creating a basic set of rules and institutions aimed at stimulating a major cooperation by countries to change the legal management systems of migration and correct their redistributive effects.
In light of these studies, the need for additional in depth research on the impact of immigration on regional disparities and income inequalities has become evident, especially in the long run. The present paper moves, therefore, in this direction, focusing on the regional impact of internal migration and attempting to demonstrate, with reference to the Italian case, how out-migration can increase income inequalities, thus hindering economic growth and exacerbating economic imbalances between the richest and poorest areas of the country, while immigration can reduce income inequalities and mitigate economic imbalances, according to the hypothesis of skilled immigration equalising, formulated in 2008 by Kahanec and Zimmermann (cf. Kahanec, Zimmermann, 2008 and 2009)
Trust in National Institutions and Macroeconomic Conditions
No full textOne of most important effects of the recent economic crisis has been the decline of citizens’ trust in political institutions. This effect was due to the inability of national governments and Parliaments to counteract the consequences of the recession. The lack of trust in institutions involves costs that cannot be underestimated. Therefore, for this reason, it is very important to study the relationship between changes in macroeconomic conditions and changes in the level of citizens’ appreciation in national institutions.
The aim of the paper is to analyse as changes in macroeconomic conditions (in particular, changes in inflation, unemployment and income inequality) have affected the level of citizens’ trust in national institutions of European countries in the period 2001-20013. Using panel data method, empirical results show that the increases in unemployment and income inequality contribute to reduce the level of trust in national institutions while, as regards inflation, the results are ambiguous
Un modello micro-fondato della domanda di finanziamento sociale. Al fondamento della distinzione tra finanza di gestione e finanza di sviluppo
No full textStructural public balance adjustment and relative poverty in the Eurozone countries: An empirical investigation
No full textThe aim of the paper is to evaluate, through panel data dynamic models, the effects of structural public balance adjustment on relative poverty in 16 Eurozone countries from 2005 till 2013. The estimates are conducted by using the mean group (MG), the pooled mean group (PMG) and the dynamic fixed effects (DFE) estimators. The first two yield estimates of the long-run coefficients without the implausible assumption of identical dynamics in each country allowing to detect a stable relationship even in presence of reduced explanatory variables. They all - through the error correction form - allow for considering the relation between the variables in their level and the dynamic of adjustment in the short-run. All the techniques generate outcomes supporting the conclusion that fiscal retrenchments increase relative poverty both in the short and in the long-run
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