1,721,068 research outputs found
Liberalizzazioni. Istituzioni, dinamiche economiche e lavoro nel diritto nazionale ed europeo
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The genetics of diabetes: What we can learn from Drosophila
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to impaired insulin secretion and/or action. All diabetes types have a strong genetic component. The most frequent forms, type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), are multifactorial syndromes associated with several genes’ effects together with environmental factors. Conversely, rare forms, neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) and maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), are caused by mutations in single genes. Large scale genome screenings led to the identification of hundreds of putative causative genes for multigenic diabetes, but all the loci identified so far explain only a small proportion of heritability. Nevertheless, several recent studies allowed not only the identification of some genes as causative, but also as putative targets of new drugs. Although monogenic forms of diabetes are the most suited to perform a precision approach and allow an accurate diagnosis, at least 80% of all monogenic cases remain still undiag-nosed. The knowledge acquired so far addresses the future work towards a study more focused on the identification of diabetes causal variants; this aim will be reached only by combining expertise from different areas. In this perspective, model organism research is crucial. This review traces an overview of the genetics of diabetes and mainly focuses on Drosophila as a model system, describing how flies can contribute to diabetes knowledge advancement
Conduction electron gas dielectric function of multivalley semiconductors: an application to silicon
No full textCalculation of plasmonic dispersion in quantum wires: state filling, shape confinement and angular degeneracy effects
No full textSeismic vulnerability of industrial steel structures with masonry infills using a numerical approach
Full text linkRecent earthquakes have highlighted the high vulnerability of the industrial structures that are not specifically designed for accounting seismic forces. Among them, a widespread typology is characterised by steel structures without bracing or other anti-seismic details and with masonry infills. With the aim of increasing the knowledge on the seismic behaviour of these structures, this work focuses on a mechanical-based approach for the evaluation of fragility curves for industrial areas. The exposure data are obtained by in-situ survey and acquiring information available in existing databases, like the Italian Cartis-GL one that is specifically devised for industrial structures. The variability of geometrical and mechanical data and the presence of epistemic uncertainties are considered by constructing a population of structures using the Monte Carlo method. Each structure is analysed through static-nonlinear simulations adopting mixed finite elements accounting for geometrical and constitutive nonlinearities. The approach is tested for infilled steel structures in the industrial area of the municipality of Spezzano Albanese (Italy). Results show that the presence of masonry infill drastically modifies the seismic behaviour of this structural typology. In particular, it turns out that if the mechanical contribution of the infill is neglected, the structures exhibit high damages even for low intensities of the seismic action
Calculation of plasmonic dispersion in quantum wires: state filling, shape confinement and angular degeneracy effects
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