102 research outputs found
DIGITALIZATION, DUAL-USE TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT OF NEW BUSINESS MODELS - WAYS TO RESPOND TO CHALLENGES. USH PROBUSINESS, WALACHIA HUB AND DUAL-USE CLUSTER STUDY CASE
No full textDual use technologies, which means technologies used for both military and civil applications, are evolving in the context of digitalization. Even in pre-digital era, at the dawns of the technological progress of mankind, the use of technologies was ambivalent, both for warfare and civil wellbeing. Now however, we assist to a fast blending of dual use and digital processes which is changing the landscape of the business models. We name this new process interaction as Dual-use Digital Blending (DDB). This paper is investigating the trends of evolution of this blended dual use-digital transformation technologies and their impact on the new geo-economic and geopolitical confrontations, on the trade flows and economic balance of power. We look at the new emerging business models triggered by the DDB and the managerial challenges this will require especially for innovative start-ups and SMEs. Finally, we argue that university led innovation ecosystem, like the study case presented, may offer knowledge hubs for managers, organized in clusters in order to be better prepared for the described DDB process
New Business Models in Agroecology: Study Case - Innovation Hub Bio Danubius as Private (Voluntary) Standards Based on Indicators
No full textAgroecology is a new area of knowledge and emerging body of experience linking in a transdisciplinary manner, experiments, research, and action-oriented innovations targeting enhanced food systems’ resilience, environmental and socio-economic sustainability at the farm, organizational and institutional levels. Authors view is that applying ecological principles and social values to agricultural production and consumption has to have a market recognition. This paper investigates in which conditions agroecology can also offer new business models that are more inclusive, diverse, and profitable for farmers and other food system actors especially those small farmers actioning in a regional context and willing to cooperate to co-create new business models. These business models involve the adoption of innovations such as integrated management, organic fertilizers, participatory guarantee systems, and collective marketing in a regional value chain perspective. The paper investigates as well some pathways to agroecology developed in IH Bio Danubius, a regional cluster already engaged in organic agricultural practices and willing to further embrace new agroecological principles. One important pathway, in wich our research is conducted are conditions under which private (voluntary) standards based on indicators can meet market requirement through a viable business model
Rating the methodological quality in systematic reviews of studies on measurement properties: a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist
No full textBackground: The COSMIN checklist is a standardized tool for assessing the methodological quality of studies on measurement properties. It contains 9 boxes, each dealing with one measurement property, with 5-18 items per box about design aspects and statistical methods. Our aim was to develop a scoring system for the COSMIN checklist to calculate quality scores per measurement property when using the checklist in systematic reviews of measurement properties. Methods: The scoring system was developed based on discussions among experts and testing of the scoring system on 46 articles from a systematic review. Four response options were defined for each COSMIN item (excellent, good, fair, and poor). A quality score per measurement property is obtained by taking the lowest rating of any item in a box ("worst score counts"). Results: Specific criteria for excellent, good, fair, and poor quality for each COSMIN item are described. In defining the criteria, the "worst score counts" algorithm was taken into consideration. This means that only fatal flaws were defined as poor quality. The scores of the 46 articles show how the scoring system can be used to provide an overview of the methodological quality of studies included in a systematic review of measurement properties. Conclusions: Based on experience in testing this scoring system on 46 articles, the COSMIN checklist with the proposed scoring system seems to be a useful tool for assessing the methodological quality of studies included in systematic reviews of measurement properties. © The Author(s) 2011
Acceptance conditions in automated negotiation
No full textIn every negotiation with a deadline, one of the negotiating parties has to accept an offer to avoid a break off. A break off is usually an undesirable outcome for both parties, therefore it is important that a negotiator employs a proficient mechanism to decide under which conditions to accept. When designing such conditions one is faced with the acceptance dilemma: accepting the current offer may be suboptimal, as better offers may still be presented. On the other hand, accepting too late may prevent an agreement from being reached, resulting in a break off with no gain for either party. Motivated by the challenges of bilateral negotiations between automated agents and by the results and insights of the automated negotiating agents competition (ANAC), we classify and compare state-of-the-art generic acceptance conditions. We focus on decoupled acceptance conditions, i.e. conditions that do not depend on the bidding strategy that is used. We performed extensive experiments to compare the performance of acceptance conditions in combination with a broad range of bidding strategies and negotiation domains. Furthermore we propose new acceptance conditions and we demonstrate that they outperform the other conditions that we study. In particular, it is shown that they outperform the standard acceptance condition of comparing the current offer with the offer the agent is ready to send out. We also provide insight in to why some conditions work better than others and investigate correlations between the properties of the negotiation environment and the efficacy of acceptance conditions.MediamaticsElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Review: Cosmin Căprioară, 2023, Denumiri metaforice ale părților corpului omenesc în româna populară, Cluj-Napoca, Editura Mega, 284 p.
No full textThis paper is intended as a review of the study in which Cosmin Căprioară analyses the process of metaphorization undergone by many of the terms designating human body parts in the Romanian folk language. The research is based on the cognitive theory of metaphor. In this case, the author has encoded an interdisciplinary analysis grid, using various methodologies and tools from dialectology, language history, lexicology and semantics, psycholinguistics etc. These were necessary in the operation of inventorying and delimiting the types of metaphors, resulting from semantic transfer, namely: [concrete] for [concrete] metaphors and [abstract] for [abstract] metaphors
Toward automatic programming
No full textProgramming, the act of creating and changing software source code, should be a collaborative process between humans and computers. This dissertation shows a general approach and two techniques that bring us closer to this goal. The general approach is inspired by human programmers: they learn how to transform code by looking at similar past transformation instances, then they change new code by stringing together several fine-grained transformations.
First, we give a technique for inferring abstract program transformations from concrete code examples. The transformations are expressed as formal rules in a term rewriting language with contexts, and they are inferred from examples via a novel anti-unification algorithm. For evaluation, we use the technique to successfully infer 15 JavaScript linting rules.
Second, we give a technique for searching through compositions of program transformations to satisfy a goal. The search is an evolutionary algorithm with the fitness function defined over the code and the code transformations as mutations. For evaluation, we apply the technique to the problem of automatically translating imperative, sequential programs to functional MapReduce programs. The algorithm successfully finds efficient MapReduce implementations for programs with complex indirect accesses, such as WordCount.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-05-01The student, Cosmin Radoi, accepted the attached license on 2018-04-20 at 16:10.The student, Cosmin Radoi, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2018-04-20 at 16:15.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2018-04-20 at 16:49.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12392 on 2018-08-31 at 17:21:07Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-04T20:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-20Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107285
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:37:00Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107285
Lift date: 2020-09-04T20:42:08Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107285 on 2020-09-05T09:15:13Z
Assessment of fatigue in postpartum women using patient-reported outcome measures : a systematic review utilising Consensus Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines
No full textBackground: Fatigue is a burden for a substantial proportion of women in the postpartum period. A wide array of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are used for assessment, which makes comparison of data difficult.
Objective: To identify the best PROM for postpartum fatigue using Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines.
Search strategy: We searched Web of Science, Embase, PubMed and CINAHL, with no date limiters, in July 2020 for validated PROMs used to assess fatigue in the postpartum period.
Selection criteria: Studies evaluating at least one author-defined domain of postpartum fatigue and one psychometric measurement property of a PROM.
Data collection and analysis: An overall rating was assigned based on COSMIN criteria and the quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).
Main results: We identified 49 validation studies using 18 PROMs in 21,209 women that evaluated postpartum fatigue. All three fatigue domains (Physical, Mental, Interference) were assessed by four PROMs: Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), Checklist Individual Strength (CIS) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). The FAS, which is freely available online, was the only PROM to demonstrate adequate content validity and at least a low level evidence of sufficient internal consistency, resulting in a Class A recommendation.
Conclusion: The FAS is the best available PROM to assess postpartum fatigue. However, it fails to assess important areas of postpartum recovery. Future studies should aim to develop a more specific PROM for postpartum fatigue
AUTOMATED (SEMANTICS DRIVEN) DATA RETRIEVAL FROM FISCAL DOCUMENTS: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH
No full textThe importance of paper documents in regular business flow cannot be underestimated. They are an important part of the business domain increasingly digital landscape, complementing digital solutions by providing a plus of transparency, reliability and security. Making prompt decisions in the business world requires fast access to relevant and up-to-date data, and working with paper-based documents is very inefficient. Digitization of documents is ubiquitous, and digital document management systems (DMS) play an important role in fields like science, business or health. In the business domain, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems represent an entire ecosystem of solutions, meant to address every aspect of the business process, in a unified approach. An important aspect of successful ERP implementations is related to the integration of DMS into the ERP. Enabling automated retrieval of data from all kinds of fiscal paper documents into the ERP is the next logical step. In this paper, we provide a hands-on approach for the task of automated text retrieval from fiscal documents. The novelty of our work resides in the manner in which we addressed the semantics of the retrieved data, such that the system associates meaning to the retrieved text elements, at the same time easing the processing of future documents. The solution is presented in a generic form, with a thorough discussion of the technological aspects. It is further implemented in the ERP system. We present and discuss experimental results, finally drawing conclusions and providing several ideas to further develop our work
Knowledge transfer between universities and smes and regional development. The role of the clusters as communities of practice
No full textAgroecological Approaches in the Context of Innovation Hubs
No full textAgroecology is a sustainable alternative to agricultural science, aiming at balancing the environment-plant-animal-man complex in an equitable way. Different players in the food system across the world are engaging in the practice and promotion of agroecology. Their experience serves as input for agroecology innovation hubs, thus assisting and accelerating the adoption of agroecological practices. Based on existing experience in implementation of innovation ecosystems and living labs in Romania, the study discusses critical factors required for a successful transformation of agriculture, with the aim to fill existing research gaps on agroecological techniques. The authors are also emphasizing the role of new business models in this area. The study used an anonymous survey with Likert scale ratings, and structural equation modeling, PLS. The study results were indicative of a certain degree of enthusiasm for agroecological practice adoption, particularly among organic farmers and business owners. The chances that these practices are adopted by farmers can be enhanced provided there is a systematic exchange of knowledge among the farmers. Clusters of farmers based on community of practice could create innovation ecosystems providing this accelerates its adoption. Correlation with the economic and political processes of the country is necessary, as emphasized by the farmers interviewed during the study. Through innovation hubs, agroecology must move from the currently smaller scale to larger scale practices such as agroecosystems and agri-food systems. These forms of organization should also take due account of relevant socio-economic, cultural, and political factors
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