55,654 research outputs found
Retorno ao estro pós-parto em ovelhas da raça Santa Inês: influência do manejo alimentar e da amamentação.
No full textNa publicação autoria: LELEAL [i.e. LEAL], T. M.; TÂNIA MARIA LELEAL[i.e. LEAL]
Cephaloflexa Carbayo & Leal-Zanchet 2003, comb. n.
No full textGenus Cephaloflexa Carbayo & Leal-Zanchet, 2003 Cephaloflexa nataliae (Froehlich, 1959) comb. n.Published as part of Fernando Carbayo, Marta Álvarez-Presas, Cĺaudia T. Olivares, Fernando P. L. Marques, Eud Óxia M. Froehlich & Marta Riutort, 2013, Molecular phylogeny of Geoplaninae (Platyhelminthes) challenges current classification: proposal of taxonomic actions, pp. 508-528 in Zoologica Scripta 42 on page 521, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.39981
Tractolira delli Leal & Harasewych, 2005, new species
No full textTractolira delli new species (Figures 1, 2, 5, 7, 10) Tractolira sp., Dell 1990: 217, fig. 372. Holotype: USNM 860631, USNS ELTANIN cruise 27, station 1939, 0 1 Feb. 1967, live collected specimen (Figures 1, 7). Measurements: 51.6 mm length, 20.2 mm width (the spire is broken, approximately 2 teleoconch whorls are missing; estimated length is 57.8 mm). Paratypes: Paratype 1, USNM 860632, off Victoria Land, Antarctica, 72 º 58 '– 72 º 57 ' S, 174 º 24 '– 174 º 25 ' E, USNS ELTANIN cruise 32, sta. 1999, 1772 – 1775 m, 5 ' Blake trawl, 11 Jan. 1968 (Figures 2, 5); paratype 2, USNM 860633, off Ruppert Coast, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica, 59 º 48 '– 59 º 51 ' S, 144 º 45 '– 144 º 49 ' W, USNS ELTANIN cruise 20, sta. 134, 3200–3259 m, 5 ' Blake trawl, 0 3 Oct. 1965; paratype 3, USNM 860634, Scott Island Bank, off Victoria Land, Antarctica, 69 º03'– 69 º05' S, 179 º 41 '– 179 º 22 ' E, USNS ELTANIN cruise 27, sta. 1939, 3519–3596 m, 10 ' Blake trawl, 0 1 Feb. 1967 (type locality; live collected specimen); paratype 4, USNM 860635, off Victoria Land, Antarctica, 72 º 27 '– 72 º 26 ' S, 177 º04'– 177 º 12 ' E, USNS ELTANIN cruise 32, sta. 2121, 1883 – 1890 m, 10 ' Blake trawl, 12 Feb. 1968. Other Records: USNM 886106, off Sturge Island, Balleny Islands, off Victoria Land, Antarctica, 66 º 52 '– 66 º 49 ' S, 164 º 32 '– 164 º 26 ' E, USNS ELTANIN sta. 1949, 2507– 2525 m, 10 ' Blake trawl, 0 5 Feb. 1967 (material examined by Dell [1990]. Type Locality (Figure 10): Scott Island Bank, eastern Ross Sea, Antarctica, 69 º03'– 69 º05' S, 179 º 41 '– 179 º 22 ' E, 3519–3596 m. Description: Shell to 57 mm length and 20 mm width, thin, elongate, fusiform. Spire elevated, aperture length/spire length about 1.3. Spire angle about 30 º. Surface eroded where not covered by periostracum. Protoconch conical, broken or eroded on most specimens. Teleoconch with up to 5.5 moderately convex whorls. Suture impressed. Axial sculpture of fine raised threads. Spiral sculpture of raised threads, 32–38 on penultimate whorl, 65 on body whorl. Intersection of axial and spiral elements gives finely and smoothly cancellated aspect to entire shell. Aperture ovalelongate, length/width about 3. Outer lip thin. Inner lip smooth, with thin, transparent inductura along parietal region. Columella smooth, with raised white siphonal fold. Inner shell surface smooth. Periostracum thin, pale yellowishbrown. Eroded surfaces white. External anatomy (holotype Ψ ): Incomplete soft parts (lacking upper whorls of digestive gland and gonad) comprise 1 ½ whorls, mantle cavity spans 1 whorl, tapering posteriorly, running alongside voluminous kidney, which spans ¼ whorl. Foot (L/W ca. 1.5) broad anteriorly, tapering posteriorly, with prominent propodial groove. Operculum absent. Animal yellowish tan in color, without discernible pattern. Sole of foot glandular. Siphon long, muscular, contracted, about 1 / 5 shell length. Siphonal appendages paired, slightly dorsoventrally flattened, roughly equal in length and width, flanking left cephalic tentacle. Tentacles short, tapering, with semicircular lateral lappets, flanking broad hood. Eyes absent. Mantle cavity: Arrangement of mantle cavity organs similar to T. germonae (see Harasewych 1987: 3–4). Mantle edge thickened, muscular, smooth. Osphradium large, slightly broader above than below osphradial ganglion. Ctenidium slightly narrower, and slightly longer than osphradium, tapers posteriorly. Hypobranchial gland transversely pleated, without evidence of purple secretion. Pericardium as in T. germonae. Alimentary system: The disposition of the organs of the alimentary system of T. delli is identical to that of T. germonae (see Harasewych 1987: 4–5, figs. 8–11). Differences are limited to the presence of proportionally larger salivary glands as well as broader and longer accessory salivary glands in T. delli. Female reproductive system: Preserved portions of female alimentary system as in T. germonae (see Harasewych 1987: 5–6, fig. 12). Narrow oviduct enters large, wedgeshaped albumen gland at rear of mantle cavity. Anterior to the albumen gland, which forms the anterior wall of the kidney, the pallial oviduct is joined by ingesting gland, then expands to form a broad capsule gland and is joined by the bursa copulatrix, a muscular diverticulum, before opening into the mantle cavity via the female opening just anterior and ventral to the anus. The rectum runs along the inner surface of, and is enveloped by the pallial portion of the female gonoduct. Male reproductive system (USNM 886106 ɗ ): Testicular duct passes alongside pericardium prior to entering rear of mantle cavity. Prostate gland opens to mantle cavity via ventral slit, runs beneath posterior portion of rectum. Vas deferens diverges posterior to anus, descends to floor of mantle cavity, runs to base of short, dorsoventrally flattened penis with inconspicuous papilla. Kidney: Kidney very large, ¼ the length and ½ the maximum width of the mantle cavity. Nephridial gland narrow, situated along the pericardium, dorsal and ventral pleated areas, large, with broad lamellae. Kidney opening over renal vein. Geographical Distribution (Figure 10): Antarctica: Ross Sea; Off Oates Coast; SW of Balleny Islands (60 º– 72 º S, 144 º– 177 º E). Depth Range: 1772–3596 m. Etymology: The new species is named after the late Dr. Richard K. Dell, formerly Honorary Research Associate at the National Museum of New Zealand, Wellington, for his many contributions to the study of Antarctic mollusks and the family Volutidae. Remarks: The new species is readily distinguishable from other Tractolira by its conspicuously reticulated shell (Figures 1, 2, 5), thin yellowish periostracum, and large size. The species of Tractolira occurring geographically closest to the range of the new species is T. germonae Harasewych, 1987 (Figures 4, 6), which inhabits abyssal depths off the South Sandwich Islands. This latter species, however, is characterized by a thicker, darkbrown periostracum, a shell lacking prominent spiral sculpture, “flatter” whorl profile, and a less extensive inductura along the parietal shield. Morphologically, the shell of T. delli, new species, is closest to T. sparta Dall, 1896 (Figure 3), from abyssal depths of the eastern Pacific. Notwithstanding some general similarity, T. sparta has a relatively narrower shell, more prominent spiral sculpture, with wider threads, and presence of strong axial ribs at least on the first three teleoconch whorls. The radula of T. delli new species (Figure 7) more closely resembles the radula of T. germonae (Figure 9), as both have a broader, thicker, weakly chevron shaped basal plate, while T. sparta (Figure 8) has a thinner, more rectangular basal plate. Anatomically, T. delli, new species, differs from T. germonae in having notably larger kidney, salivary glands, and accessory salivary glands. The anatomies of T. sparta and T. tenebrosa are not known. Dall (1907: 365) believed “ Voluta ” alta Sowerby, 1844, from early Tertiary, shallow water deposits of Chile, to be the ancestor of Tractolira. Harasewych (1987: 8) proposed that Tractolira colonized the abyssal regions of the Peru Basin during the early Tertiary, and that T. germonae differentiated following the displacement tectonic fragments of Pacific Ocean floor into the southwestern Atlantic during the Cenozoic. The discovery of T. delli in the Southeastern Pacific Basin suggests the vicariant separation of eastern Pacific species of Tractolira by the Chile Rise. A robust phylogeny of the living Tractolira would provide insights into the biogeography of the abyssal fauna of the region.Published as part of Leal, José H. & Harasewych, M. G., 2005, Tractolira delli, a new Volutidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) from the abyssal plains off Antarctica, pp. 39-45 in Zootaxa 1071 on pages 40-45, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17029
Utilização de análogos de genes de resistência (RGAs) como marcadores moleculares na construção de um mapa genético de Arachis Silvestre.
No full textNa publicação: Leal- Bertioli, S. C. M
Settling of finite-size particles in isotropically forced, homogeneous turbulence: interface-resolved simulations
No full textWe have simulated the gravity-induced settling of finite-size particles in a turbulent background flow which is forced in a statistically-stationary fashion. The simulations are accurately resolving the solid-fluid interface with the aid of an immersed boundary technique [1]. The parameters of the simulation are (apart from background turbulence) identical to those of reference [2], where particle clustering was observed at a Galileo number of 178 and a solid volume fraction of 0.005. In the present case, it is found that a relative turbulence intensity of 0.24 leads to the disappearance of the clusters; as a consequence, the increase in average particle settling velocity found in [2] also vanishes. [1] M. Uhlmann. An immersed boundary method with direct forcing for the simulation of particulate flows. J. Comput. Phys., 209(2):448–476, 2005. [2] M. Uhlmann and T. Doychev. Sedimentation of a dilute suspension of rigid spheres at intermediate Galileo numbers: the effect of clustering upon the particle motion. J. Fluid Mech., 752:310–348, 2014
Mesophilic-hydrothermal-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion of green corn straw
No full textMesophilic-hydrothermal (80-160 degrees C, 30 min)-thermophilic (M-H-T) digestion and control tests of mesophilic (M), thermophilic (T), hydrothermal-mesophilic (H-M), and mesophilic-thermophilic digestion (M-T) of green corn straw were conducted for a 20-day fermentation period. The results indicate that M-H-T is an efficient method to improve methane production. A maximum methane yield of 371.74 mL/g volatile solid was obtained by the M (3 days)-H (140 degrees C)-T (17 days) process, which was 20.44%, 16.55%, 31.44%, and 14.31% higher than the yields of the M, T, 140-M, and M-T processes. The enhanced methane production was attributed to (1) the improved hemicellulose degradation and lignin disorganization; (2) prevention of the degradation of soluble sugar, easily hydrolyzed hemicellulose and cellulose into furfural and methylfurfural; and (3) lack of formation of Maillard reaction products during initial hydrothermal treatment. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
The maternal immune system during pregnancy and its influence on fetal development
No full textThe maternal immune system plays a critical role in the establishment, maintenance, and completion of a healthy pregnancy. However, the specific mechanisms utilized to achieve these goals are not well understood. Various cells and molecules of the immune system are key players in the development and function of the placenta and the fetus. Effector cells of the immune system act to promote and yet limit placental development. The T helper 1 (Th1)/T helper 2 (Th2) immune shift during pregnancy is well established. A fine balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory influences is required. We herein review the evidence regarding maternal tolerance of fetal tissues and the underlying cell-mediated immune and humoral (hormones and cytokines) mechanisms. We also note the many unanswered questions in our understanding of these mechanisms. In addition, we summarize the clinical manifestations of an altered maternal immune system during pregnancy related to susceptibility to common viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, as well as to autoimmune diseases.Peer reviewe
Kyoto and the COPs: Lessons Learned and Looking Ahead
No full textThis is the post-refereed, pre-print version of this article. The published version of this article is published by Brill (Martinus Nijhoff) in Hague Yearbook of International Law vol. 23, ISBN 9789004206809, pp. 17-90.This article argues that the Kyoto Protocol to the 1992 Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was doomed to fail ab initio because it systematically misunderstood the nature of climate change as a policy issue between 1985 and 2009. It explains why this is the case by analyzing the Kyoto Protocol’s shortcomings and deficiencies. Moving the climate change agenda forward multilaterally among the 195 parties to the UNFCCC is proving to be a serious challenge. The lack of progress in UNFCCC negotiations in recent years, especially the failure to obtain an international agreement on emissions limitations targets and timetables by all major developed and developing country emitters, has led many to question whether the UNFCCC is, in fact, the best and most effective forum for mobilizing a global response to climate change. The current approach to negotiating a comprehensive, universal, and legally binding global agreement on climate change is unlikely to succeed. The near-disaster 2009 Conference of the Parties-15 in Copenhagen empirically demonstrated that the UN machinery is incapable of moving forward fast enough to produce a global climate deal. Moreover, international climate policy, as it has been understood and practiced by many governments of the world under the Kyoto Protocol approach, has failed to produce any discernable real world reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases since the mid 1990s. Part 2 is devoted to the main legal, structural, and policy responses to climate change by providing an analysis of most Conferences of the Parties. Part 3 provides then an analysis of the Kyoto Protocol. Part 4 then analyzes the position of the three main players in climate change: the U.S., China, and the European Union. The article concludes with some recommendations for the future
Erosie door open taludbekledingen. Samenvattend verslag + Bijlage A t/m D
No full textOpen taludbekledingen die bestaan uit in verband geplaatste betonblokken met gaten, bieden de mogelijkheid vegetatie te doen groeien, waardoor mogelijk een milieuvriendelijke oever kan worden verkregen. In het pioniersstadium van de vegetatie is het evenwel ongewenst dat de gatvulling uitspoelt. Teneinde de relatie tussen waterbeweging en erosie van de gatvulling vast te stellen, is door de Dienst Weg- en Waterbouwkunde van Rijkswaterstaat per brief d.d. 16 maart 1987 (kenmerk WB 570), opdracht verleend aan het Waterloopkundig Laboratorium tot het uitvoeren van onderzoek naar de erosie door open taludbekledingen. Het doel van het onderzoek is het ontwikkelen van ontwerprichtlijnen voor taludbekledingen met gaten die groter zijn dan de zand- of filterkorrels eronder. Hiertoe dient de kritieke waterbeweging bij een oever- of dijkbekleding te worden vastgesteld, waarbij nog toelaatbare erosie is te verwachten. De toelaatbare erosie mag daarbij maximaal gelijk zijn aan de hoeveelheid sediment in de gaten. Filter- of basismateriaal gelegen onder de elementen mag dus niet uitspoelen. Bij oeverbekledingen waar vegetatie een rol moet gaan spelen, is de toelaatbare erosie kleiner, dat wil zeggen in de gaten dient sediment achter te blijven.Steenzettingen - TAW/EN
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