1,721,030 research outputs found
Genotoxic effects induced by glyphosate-based herbicide on two gammarid species: The invasive dikerogammarus villosus (sowinsky, 1894) (crustacea, amphipoda) and the native echinogammarus veneris (heller, 1865)
No full textFreshwater communities all over the world suffer from anthropogenic stresses such as pesticide contamination. This stress acts as a selective force, inducing alteration in both the composition of species and their relative abundances. In the present work, we tested the genotoxic effect of the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup® on two freshwater gammarid species. The tests were carried out on the native Echinogammarus veneris, and the invasive alien species, Dikerogammarus villosus. The latter is native to the Ponto-Caspian region and has now spread to many large European aquatic ecosystems. It has displaced native gammarids and is considered one of the most disruptive alien species in Europe. The genotoxic effect of Roundup® was measured by DNA fragmentation revealed by comet assay, after either 24 hours or 7 days of exposure. The results obtained demonstrate the genotoxic potential of Roundup® on both species and highlight the higher tolerance of D. villosus to its genotoxic potential
Microplastic pollution in the food web: observation of ingestion by the talitrid amphipod Cryptorchestia garbinii on the shores of Lake Garda
No full textPlastic pollution in the environment has become a much-discussed issue worldwide. In recent decades, the contamination of all environments has become increasingly evident, in particular, that of water is highly concerning. Ingestion by different animal species under natural conditions has also been demonstrated. Among these is the Talitrid Amphipod Cryptorchestia garbinii, which lives on the banks of the internal waterways and lakes’ shorelines. As detritivores species, it is very exposed to microplastics that can be ingested, probably mistaking them for food. Aiming to highlight the microplastic ingestion and the role of this species as an entry point for the food web, we analyzed 80 specimens from 4 sites along the shores of Garda Lake, one of the first lakes in Italy to be studied for this type of contamination. The microplastics ingested were observed and quantified through the Nile Red staining method. We were able to verify the presence of ingested microplastics in all the samples analyzed and, therefore, in the food web. This species could serve as valuable natural models of plastic exposure. Microplastic sentinel species can be used as a proxy for environmental exposure and ecosystem monitoring tools to quantify and assess the impacts of microplastic contamination
Three new species of Bathysciola Jeannel, 1910 (Leiodidae, Cholevinae, Leptodirini) from caves in Central Italy, comparing morphological taxonomy with molecular phylogeny
No full textThe genus Bathysciola is widely distributed in the northern Mediterranean region, although its range extends east to the Caucasus and Iran. More than 130 species belonging to this genus are actually known in the whole geographic distribution area and 45 species are distributed in continental and insular Italy. The species belonging to the Bathysciola sisernica
Cerruti and Patrizi, 1952 species group occur in the Central-Southern Italian Apennines and Pre-Apennines. This group consists of seven species, four of which (B. sisernica, B. delayi Latella and Rampini, 1994, B. rampinii
Latella, 2002, B. sbordoni Rampini and Latella, 1993) were already known to science and three are described herein, Bathysciola fabiolae
sp. nov., Bathysciola octaviani
sp. nov.
, and Bathysciola valeriae
sp. nov., markedly increasing the knowledge on the distribution of this genus in Central Italy. A morphological analysis was carried out based on diagnostic characters usually used to distinguish different taxa, and including both genitalia and external traits. Based on morphological characters, we reconstructed the phylogeny of this group of species, comparing them with the species belonging to other phyletic lineages, such as B. derosasi
Jeannel, 1914, B. georgi Cerruti, Patrizi, 1952, B. vignai Sbordoni and Rampini, 1978, and B. sarteanensis sarteanensis (Bargagli, 1870). Results suggested that morphological traits show a clear taxonomic signal but a poor phylogenetic signal. To better understand the relationships within this group of species, we performed a molecular analysis by sequencing three mitochondrial genes, 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, partially sequenced and the entire gene of COI. Molecular markers were used to infer phylogenetic relationships among the Bathysciola sisernica species group and to reconstruct the historical processes that shaped their current geographic distribution. Results showed that these species became isolated in very ancient times, showing very high genetic differentiation.</jats:p
Dikerogammarus villosus (Sowinsky, 1894) a new invasive species in the Garda Lake (Northern Italy)
No full textSino-Italian workshop on Karst and Caves of Guizhou. Guidebook
No full textguida informativa sull'evento, i contenuti e l'area geografica del Guizho
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