1,721,312 research outputs found
Un parasite de la Moule, le Cop rouge
No full textLambert Olivier. Un parasite de la Moule, le Cop rouge. In: La Terre et La Vie, Revue d'Histoire naturelle, tome 6, n°2, 1952. pp. 80-94
Ziphius Cuvier 1823
No full textGenus Ziphius Cuvier, 1823 TYPE AND ONLY SPECIES. — Ziphius cavirostris Cuvier, 1823, by monotypy.Published as part of Bianucci, Giovanni, Lambert, Olivier & Post, Klaas, 2007, A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa, pp. 561-618 in Geodiversitas 29 (4) on page 576, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.465108
Macroraptorial sperm whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Peru
Full text linkThe three extant sperm whale species, the giant Physeter macrocephalus and the diminutive Kogia species, are relict members of the superfamily Physeteroidea, whose evolutionary history is traced back to the late Oligocene. Although well-preserved and diagnostic cranial remains are relatively scarce, the physeteroid fossil record reveals a considerable degree of morphological disparity (especially during the Miocene), suggesting that sperm whales occupied a broader range of ecological niches in the past. Here, we provide detailed descriptions and a (re)analysis of several new and established middle-late Miocene stem physeteroids from the Pisco Formation of southern Peru. In particular, we (1) further describe the holotype of Acrophyseter deinodon from the latest Tortonian-Messinian of Sud-Sacaco, with new information on previously unpublished portions of the skull (including the ear bones) and a discussion of its masticatory musculature; (2) diagnose a new species of Acrophyseter, A. robustus sp. nov., based on a finely preserved skull with some associated cranial remains from the late Serravallian-Tortonian (> 9.2 Ma) of Cerro la Bruja; (3) provisionally refer a skull from Cerro los Quesos, which has been radiometrically dated to the Messinian (6.9-6.7 Ma), to Acrophyseter sp.; and (4) further describe the skull of the giant raptorial sperm whale Livyatan melvillei from Cerro Colorado, recently re-dated to the Tortonian (9.9-8.9 Ma) based on the associated diatom fauna and Ar/Ar dating. A phylogenetic analysis based on 53 characters and 21 physeteroid species confirms the monophyly of Acrophyseter and groups this genus with the larger, middle to late Miocene macroraptorial stem physeteroids Brygmophyseter and Zygophyseter. With its unique supracranial basin morphology, Livyatan forms a separate, more crownward stem physeteroid lineage. Combined with biostratigraphic information, our cladistic hypothesis allows us to discuss the time of origin of the main physeteroid clades, as well as trends in the evolution of their body size, dentition, temporal fossa and supracranial basin
A new record of Notocetus vanbenedeni (Squalodelphinidae, Odontoceti, Cetacea) from the Early Miocene of Peru
No full textAn almost complete skull with associated periotics and one cervical vertebra from theEarly Miocene strata of the Chilcatay Formation (Pisco Basin, Peru) is described here andreferred to Notocetus vanbenedeni, a species previously recorded from Argentina, belong-ing to the extinct odontocete family Squalodelphinidae (Platanistoidea). The fossil wascollected in the same locality and approximately the same stratigraphical horizon as Huar-idelphis raimondii, suggesting the sympatric coexistence of two squalodelphinids during theEarly Miocene along the Pacific coast of South America. Considering the new record heredescribed, N. vanbenedeni lived both along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America,two marine areas in wide contact during the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene. Despitethe relative commonness of squalodelphinids in the Chilcatay Fm., the worldwide recordof this family remains globally rather scarce and significant specimens were only found inItaly, France, along the East Coast of USA, Argentina, Peru, and possibly New Zealand
Masracetus Gingerich 2007
No full textGenus Masracetus Gingerich, 2007 TYPE SPECIES. — Masracetus markgrafi Gingerich, 2007 by original designation.Published as part of Martínez-Cáceres, Manuel, Lambert, Olivier & Muizon, Christian de, 2017, The anatomy and phylogenetic affinities of Cynthiacetus peruvianus, a large Dorudon-like basilosaurid (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the late Eocene of Peru, pp. 7-163 in Geodiversitas 39 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n1a1, http://zenodo.org/record/453562
Bony outgrowths on the jaws of an extinct sperm whale support macroraptorial feeding in several stem physeteroids
No full textSeveral extinct sperm whales (stem Physeteroidea) were recently proposed to differ markedly in their feeding ecology from the suction-feeding modern sperm whales Kogia and Physeter. Based on cranial, mandibular, and dental morphology, these Miocene forms were tentatively identified as macroraptorial feeders, able to consume proportionally large prey using their massive teeth and robust jaws. However, until now, no corroborating evidence for the use of teeth
during predation was available.We report on a new specimen of the stem physeteroid Acrophyseter, from the late middle to early late Miocene of Peru, displaying unusual bony outgrowths along some of the upper alveoli. Considering their position and outer shape, these are identified as buccal maxillary exostoses. More developed along posterior teeth and in tight contact with the high portion of the dental root outside the bony alveoli, the exostoses are hypothesized to have developed during powerful bites; they may have worked as buttresses, strengthening the teeth when facing intense occlusal forces. These buccal exostoses further support a raptorial feeding technique for Acrophyseter and, indirectly, for other extinct sperm whales with a similar oral apparatus (Brygmophyseter, Livyatan, Zygophyseter). With a wide size range, these Miocene stem physeteroids were major marine macropredators, occupying ecological niches nowadays mostly taken by killer whales
Huaridelphis raimondii, a new early Miocene Squalodelphinidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Chilcatay Formation, Peru
No full textThe fossil record of odontocetes (toothed cetaceans) is relatively scarce during the Oligocene and early Miocene compared with later in the Miocene and Pliocene; most of the odontocete families from these epochs are known by a limited number of species and specimens. Among those, Squalodelphinidae is a family of small- to medium-sized platanistoids with single-rooted teeth, which until now has included only four genera based on diagnostic material, from the early Miocene of Europe, Argentina, and North America. Recent field work in the Pisco-Ica desert, southern coast of Peru, has resulted in the discovery of several marine vertebrate-rich localities in various levels of the late Oligocene–early Miocene Chilcatay Formation. Based on three specimens from Ullujaya and Zamaca, including two well-preserved skulls with periotics, we describe a new squalodelphinid genus and species, Huaridelphis raimondii. This new species increases the early Miocene diversity of the family and is also its smallest known member. It further differs from other squalodelphinids by its thin antorbital process of the frontal, abruptly tapering rostrum, and higher tooth count. A more fragmentary skull, from Zamaca, is referred to Squalodelphinidae aff. H. raimondii. This skull provides information on the morphology of the tympanic, malleus, and incus, currently unknown in H. raimondii. Focusing on platanistoids with single-rooted teeth, our phylogenetic analysis suggests that Squalodelphinidae are monophyletic and confirms the sister-group relationship between the latter and Platanistidae. The relationships within Squalodelphinidae are not fully resolved, but H. raimondii might be one of the earliest diverging taxa
FIG. 22. — Nenga meganasalis n. gen., n in A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa
No full textFIG. 22. — Nenga meganasalis n. gen., n. sp.: A-D, skull (SAM PQ 69675, holotype); A, detail of the vertex in dorsal view; B, corresponding line drawing; C, anterior view; D, corresponding line drawing; E, incomplete skull (SAM PQ 2339), dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B, 5 cm; C-E, 10 cm.Published as part of Bianucci, Giovanni, Lambert, Olivier & Post, Klaas, 2007, A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa, pp. 561-618 in Geodiversitas 29 (4) on page 591, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.465108
FIG. 30. — A, B in A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa
No full textFIG. 30. — A, B, rostrum of male of Mesoplodon densirostris (SAM ZM 40663); A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, D, rostrum of female of M. densirostris (SAM ZM 40836); C, dorsal view; D, lateral view. Reduced to the same lenght.Published as part of Bianucci, Giovanni, Lambert, Olivier & Post, Klaas, 2007, A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa, pp. 561-618 in Geodiversitas 29 (4) on page 599, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.465108
Khoikhoicetus Bianucci & Lambert & Post 2007, n. gen.
No full textGenus Khoikhoicetus n. gen. TYPE SPECIES. — Khoikhoicetus agulhasis n. gen., n. sp., by present designation. ETYMOLOGY. — Khoikhoi is one of the ethnic groups occupying south-western Africa, closely related to the Bushmen, "cetus" from Latin, whale. Gender masculine. DIAGNOSIS. — Same as for the species.Published as part of Bianucci, Giovanni, Lambert, Olivier & Post, Klaas, 2007, A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa, pp. 561-618 in Geodiversitas 29 (4) on page 578, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.465108
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