35,063 research outputs found
Performance Comparison of FH/MC DS-CDMA with Single- and Multi-Carrier DS-CDMA
No full textIn this contribution we review the slow frequency hopping multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (SFH/MC DS-CDMA). Then, the system's performance is ecalated and compared to that of the conventional single-carrier (SC) DS-CDMA and MC DS-CDMA under the assumptions of constant system bandwidth and of constant transmitted signal power. Both random and 'uni$ormlFH are considered and their advantages as well as disadvantages are investigated. We assume that the system operates in a multipath Nakagami-m fading environment and a maximum ratio combining (URC) assisted RAKE receiver is used for demodulation
Performance of Generalized Multicarrier DS-CDMA over Nakagami- Fading Channels
No full textA class of generalized multicarrier direct sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DS-CDMA) schemes is defined and its performance is considered over multipath Nakagamifading channels. The spacing between two adjacent subcarriers of the generalized MC DS-CDMA is a variable, allowing us to gain insight into the effects of the spacing on the bit error rate (BER) performance of MC DS-CDMA systems. This generalized MC DS-CDMA scheme includes the subclasses of multitone DS-CDMA and orthogonal MC DS-CDMA as special cases. We present a unified analytical framework for determining the exact average BER of the generalized MC DS-CDMA system over generalized multipath Nakagami- fading channels. The optimum spacing of the MC DS-CDMA system required for achieving the minimum BER is investigated and the BER performance of the system having optimum spacing is evaluated. The resultant BER is compared with that of both multitone DS-CDMA and orthogonal MC DS-CDMA
Generalized Multicarrier DS-CDMA Using Various Chip Waveforms
No full textIn this contribution the family of generalized multicarrier DS-CDMA (MC DS-CDMA) schemes [1] is investigated, when considering time-domain half-sine and raised-cosine chip waveforms, in addition to the rectangular chip waveform. Our results show that for a given subcarrier spacing the particular choice of the chip waveform has a substantial influence on the system’s performance. However, in the context of MC DS-CDMA using the optimum subcarrier spacing, all chip waveforms may provide a similar bit error rate (BER) performance
Slow Frequency-Hopping Multicarrier DS-CDMA for Transmission over Nakagami Multipath Fading Channels
No full textA novel multiple access scheme based on slow frequency hopping multicarrier direct-sequence code division multiple access (SFH/MC DS-CDMA) is proposed and investigated, which can be rendered compatible with the existing second-generation narrowband CDMA and third-generation wideband CDMA systems. The frequency hopping patterns are controlled by a set of constant-weight codes. Consequently, multirate communications can be implemented by selecting the corresponding sets of constant-weight codes having the required weights controlling the SFH patterns invoked. Two FH schemes, namely random and uniform FH, are considered and their advantages as well as disadvantages are investigated. We assume that the system operates in a multipath fading environment and a RAKE receiver structure with maximum ratio combining (MRC) is used for demodulation. The system’s performance is evaluated over the range of multipath Nakagami fading channels, under the assumption that the receiver has an explicit knowledge of the associated frequency-hopping (FH) patterns invoked. Furthermore, the performance of the SFH/MC DS-CDMA system is compared to that of the conventional single-carrier (SC) DS-CDMA system and that of the conventional MC DS-CDMA system, under the assumptions of constant system bandwidth and of constant transmitted signal power. Index Terms—Code division multiple access, constant-weight code, frequency hopping, Nakagami fading, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
Software-Defined-Radio-Assisted Adaptive Broadband Frequency Hopping Multicarrier DS-CDMA
No full textAgainst the backdrop of the explosive expansion of the Internet and the continued dramatic increase in demand for high-speed multimedia wireless services, there is an urgent demand for flexible, bandwidth-efficient transceivers. Multi-standard operation is also an important requirement for the future generations of wireless systems. This article presents a versatile broadband multiple access scheme, combining frequency hopping with multicarrier DS-CDMA (FH/MC DS-CDMA). In the short term, the proposed FH/MC DS-CDMA scheme could beemployed in the existing second- and third-generation CDMA system bands. Hence, it has the potential of supporting compatibility with these existing systems. This article also shows that FH/MC DS-CDMA exhibits a high grade of flexibility in the context of system design and parameter reconfiguration. Therefore, in the long term, the proposed FH/MC DS-CDMA scheme is capable of meeting the requirements of future broadband mobile wireless systems, with the aid of introducing more advanced techniques facilitated by the employment of software-defined radios (SDR) and with the advent of efficient adaptive baseband algorithms
A Unified Approach to the Analysis of Multicarrier DS-CDMA over Nakagami- Fading Channels
No full textA class of unified multicarrier DS-CDMA (MC DS-CDMA) schemes is defined and its performance is considered over multipath Nakagami- fading channels. The spacing between two adjacent subcarriers of the unified MC DS-CDMA scheme is a variable, allowing us to gain insight into the effects of the spacing on the bit error rate (BER) performance of MC DS-CDMA systems. This unified MC DS-CDMA scheme includes the subclasses of multitone DS-CDMA and orthogonal MC DS-CDMA as special cases. The optimum spacing of the MC DS-CDMA system required for achieving the minimum BER is investigated and the BER performance of the system having optimum spacing is evaluated. The resultant BER is compared with that of both multitone DS-CDMA and orthogonal MC DS-CDMA
Performance of Broadband Multicarrier DS-CDMA using Space-Time Spreading-Assisted Transmit Diversity
No full textIn this contribution multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DS-CDMA) using space–time spreading (STS)-assisted transmit diversity is investigated in the context of broadband communications over frequency-selective Rayleigh-fading channels. We consider the issue of parameter design for the sake of achieving high-efficiency communications in various dispersive environments. Furthermore, in contrast to conventional MC DS-CDMA schemes employing time (T)-domain spreading only, in this contribution we also investigate broadband MC DS-CDMA schemes employing both T-domain and frequency (F)-domain spreading, i.e., employing TF-domain spreading. The bit-error rate (BER) performance of STS-assisted broadband MC DS-CDMA is investigated for downlink transmissions associated with the correlation based single-user detector and the decorrelating multiuser detector. Our study demonstrated that when appropriately selecting the system parameters, broadband MC DS-CDMA using STS-assisted transmit diversity constitutes a promising downlink transmission scheme. This scheme is capable of supporting ubiquitous communications over diverse communication environments without BER performance degradation. Index Terms—Broadband system, code-division multiple access (CDMA), frequency-domain spreading, frequency-selective fading, multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC-DS-CDMA), multicarrier CDMA, multicarrier modulation, multiuser detection, space–time spreading (STS), transmit diversity
Multi-Functional Antenna Array Assisted MC DS-CDMA Using Downlink Preprocessing Based on Singular Value Decomposition
No full textIn this contribution we propose and investigate a transmitter preprocessing scheme designed for downlink transmission in multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DS-CDMA) systems using multiple base-station antenna arrays, where each antenna array employs multiple array elements. The transmitter preprocessing scheme is derived based on the singular value decomposition (SVD). Our transmitter preprocessing design is capable of supporting a high number of MC DS-CDMA users, while maintaining a high diversity gain at a low detection complexity at the remote mobile stations (MSs). The characteristics of MC DS-CDMA using the proposed transmitter preprocessing scheme are discussed and the achievable bit-error-rate (BER) performance is investigated, when assuming that each subcarrier experiences flat Rayleigh fading. Our simulation results demonstrate that for a SVD-assisted MC DS-CDMA system using M distinct transmit antenna arrays and time (T)-domain spreading sequences of length Ne chips, the number of users supported can be as high as MNe, since Ne and M number of users may be distinguished in the T-domain and spatial-or S-domain, respectively. Furthermore, the SVD-assisted MC DSCDMA system is capable of supporting M ?Ne number of users at a near single-user BER performance
Ant-Colony-Based Multiuser Detection for MC DS-CDMA Systems
No full textIn this contribution we present a novel ant colony optimization (ACO) based multi-user detector (MUD) designed for synchronous multi-carrier direct sequence code division multiple access (MC DSCDMA) systems. The operation of the ACO-based MUD is based on the behaviour of the ant colony in nature. The ACO-based MUD aims for achieving the same bit-error-rate (BER) performance as the optimum maximum likelihood (ML) MUD, without carrying out an exhaustive search of the entire MC DS-CDMA search space constituted by all possible combinations of the received multi-user vectors. We will demonstrate that the system is capable of supporting almost as many users as the number of chips in the spreading sequence, while searching only a small fraction of the entire ML search space. It will also be demonstrated that the number of floating point operations per second is a factor of 108 lower for the proposed ACO-based MUD than that of the ML MUD, when supporting K = 32 users in a MC DS-CDMA system employing 31-chip Gold codes as the T-domain spreading sequence
Broadband MC DS-CDMA Using Space-Time and Frequency-Domain Spreading
No full textIn this contribution multicarrier direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (MC DS-CDMA) using space-time spreading (STS) assisted transmit diversity and frequency-domain (F-domain) spreading is investigated in the context of broadband communications over frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels. We consider the attainable capacity extension of broadband MC DS-CDMA with the advent of using Time-Frequency-domain (TF-domain) spreading. The BER performance of STS assisted broadband MC DS-CDMA using Binary Phase Shit Keying (BPSK) modulation and TF-domain spreading is investigated by simulation for a range of parameter values. Both the correlation based single-user detector and the decorrelating multiuser detector are considered. Our study shows that the number of users supported by the broadband MC DS-CDMA system is determined by the product of the T-domain spreading factor and the F-domain spreading factor, while it is independent of the frequency diversity order. Furthermore, when multiuser detection assisted F-domain spreading is considered, the broadband MC DS-CDMA system is capable of supporting a substantially increased number of users, while maintaining a similar bit error ratio (BER) performance to that of the broadband MC DS-CDMA system using no F-domain spreading
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