1,721,033 research outputs found
Trends in subsite distribution of colorectal cancers and polyps from the Vaud Cancer Registry
No full textBackground. Changes in the subsite distribution of malignant and benign colorectal tumors over the last few years have been reported in several series. They may be related to changes in diagnostic accuracy or to real changes in incidence.
Methods. Trends in incidence and subsite distribution of colorectal cancers and polyps between 1978 and 1988 have been analyzed using data from the Cancer Registry of the Canton Vaud, Switzerland (530,000 inhabitants in 1981), which has adopted standardized methods for identification and registration not only of malignant, but also of benign colorectal lesions.
Results. Age-standardized incidence rates for malignant tumors of the ascending colon in men increased from 4.6/100,000 in 1978-80 to 6.4/100,000 in 1987-88, and in women from 4.9 to 6.5. Incidence was approximately stable for transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon, whereas a decline was observed for ''other and unspecified'' colon cancers. Rates for rectal cancer declined by over 10% in both sexes, although the trends were not linear across calendar periods in each sex. Overall colorectal cancer incidence was relatively stable in both sexes in the Vaud population. In terms of proportional distribution, the percentage of cases in the ascending colon increased from 27% in 1978-83 to 33% 1984-88 (P < 0.05). Reliable incidence data for polyps were available for 1979 and from 1982 to 1988. Rates for ascending colon polyps increased from 1.0/100,000 in 1979-83 to 5.0/100,000 in 1987-88 in men, and from 0.4 to 2.7 in women. Incidence rates were higher, although to a lesser extent, for transverse colon and for descending colon polyps in men only. As in the case of malignant tumors, incidence rates declined between the early and the late 1980s for rectal polyps as well as for ''other and unspecified'' colon polyps. Overall, colorectal polyp incidence was stable around 45/100,000 for men but increased from 19 to 27/100,000 for women. With reference to proportional distributions, significant increases were observed for ascending (from 8.4% to 16.8%) and, to a lower degree, transverse colon (from 8.4% to 11.0%). No appreciable change was observed for any other subsite, except a decline for ''other and unspecified'' colonic polyps. Conclusions. The observation of similar changes in distribution for benign and malignant tumors may suggest the importance of improved diagnostic accuracy (particularly total colonoscopy) for lesions arising in the proximal colon
Trends in the subsite distribution of colorectal carcinomas and polyps : an update
No full textThe authors report trends in the incidence of colorectal carcinomas and polyps over an 18-year period (1979-1996), based on data from the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud. The increase in ascending colon neoplasms is compatible with the impact of newer diagnostic techniques, which seems to have leveled off in recent years
Breast cancer survival in relation to sex and age
No full textCrude and relative survival rates were analyzed using data from 4,199 incident breast cancers in females and 39 breast cancers in males registered between 1974 and 1988 in the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud. The relative survival rates were 0.94 for females and 0.95 for males at 1 year, 0.87 and 0.95 at 2 years, 0.71 and 0.75 at 5 years, and 0.57 and 0.65 at 10 years. In relation to age at diagnosis, among females the relative survival increased from 0.62 for cases diagnosed under the age of 35 years to 0.78 at the age of 45-49 years, decreased to 0.66-0.68 in the age group 50-59 years, and rose again to reach 0.76 at the age of 65-69 years, declining thereafter to 0.69 at the age range 80-84 years. This pattern was already evident during the first 2 years of follow-up and persisted up to 10 years after diagnosis, although somewhat less defined. For males, no significant difference was evident in relative survival between breast cancers diagnosed before or at the age of 65 years and over, and only the 10-year survival rate was apparently (though not significantly) lower at older ages. Thus, these population-based data show remarkable similarities in survival for female and male breast cancer, despite possible heterogeneities in diagnosis and ascertainment of the disease as well as differences in steroid hormone levels in the two sexes and possible differences in biological characteristics of the disease. Further, they confirm that breast cancer survival varies across subsequent age groups. This possibly reflects selection and modifying effects on incidence and survival of hormone dependency of a proportion of breast cancers, the growth of which could be accelerated during the premenopause and the survival favourably influenced by the decline in steroid hormone levels after the menopause
Cancer mortality in Switzerland, 1990-1994
No full textData and statistics are presented on cancer death certification in Switzerland in 1990-1994, updating previous publications covering the period 1951-1989. Data for 1990-1994, grouped into 30 categories, are presented in 10 tables as 5-years age- and sex-specific absolute and percentage frequencies of deaths, and average annual crude, age-specific and age-standardized rates, at all ages and truncated for the 35-64 years age group. Male-to-female ratios of mortality rates, and ranks of the ten most frequent cancer sites have also been tabulated, and all-ages and truncated age-standardized rates for most cancer sites plotted for 9 calendar quinquennia. Total cancer mortality rates decreased in both sexes (from 268.7 in 1985-1989 to 251.8/100,000 males in 1990-1994, and from 201.5 to 190.6/100,000 females; age-standardized rates on the 1980 Swiss population), particularly at younger ages and in males. Decreases in rates were observed in males for lung (from 68.7 to 62.7/100,000), oesophagus, larynx and prostate (at younger middle age), in females, for breast and genital sites and, in both sexes, for stomach, colorectum, gall-bladder, pancreas, skin, bladder, kidney, brain and most lymphohaemopoietic neoplasms. Increases were observed for pleura in males, and for larynx and lung (from 11.9 to 14.8/100,000) in females. Thus, with the major exception of lung cancers and a few other tobacco-related neoplasms in females, cancer mortality rates in Switzerland over the period 1990-1994 were generally favourable
Increased risk of esophageal cancer after breast cancer
No full textBackground: Adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer has been related to excess esophageal cancer risk, but population-based data are scanty. Patients and methods: We considered esophageal cancer risk among 11 130 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1974 and 2002 in the Swiss cantons of Vaud and Neuchatel, and followed-up to the end of 2002, for a total of 75 900 women-years at risk. Results: Overall, 18 cases were observed compared with 8.9 expected, corresponding to a standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 2.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-3.2]. The SIR was 1.6 in the first 10 years after diagnosis and 3.3 for >= 10 years after diagnosis, 2.3 for cases diagnosed between 1974 and 1988 and 1.5 for those diagnosed after 1988, 2.3 (based on 15 cases) for squamous cell cancer and 1.3 (based on three cases) for adenocarcinomas, and 2.9 for the upper third, 2.3 for the middle third and 1.9 for the lower third of the esophagus. Conclusions: These data confirm an excess esophageal cancer risk following treatment for breast cancer which could not be explained by confounding of tobacco or alcohol alone. The excess risk tended to decrease for cases diagnosed after 1988, leaving open the issue of the risk of modern radiotherapy for breast cancer on esophageal cancer
Prognosis of bilateral synchronous breast cancer in Vaud, Switzerland
No full textOut of 6084 first breast cancers registered between 1974 and 1993 in the Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud, 81 (1.3%) were synchronous bilateral breast cancers (BBCs). The 5-year relative survival rates were 73% for women with unilateral breast cancer (UBC) and 65% for those with synchronous BBC. The corresponding 10-year figures were 59% and 51%. This large, population-based series indicates that women with synchronous BBC have a moderately lower long-term survival than women with UBC
Cancer risk after radiotherapy for breast cancer
No full textAmong women with breast cancer, we compared the relative and absolute rates of subsequent cancers in 1541 women treated with radiotherapy (RT) to 4570 women not so treated (NRT), using all registered in the Swiss Vaud Cancer Registry in the period between 1978 and 1998, and followed up to December 2002. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were based on age- and calendar year-specific incidence rates in the Vaud general population. There were 11 lung cancers in RT (SIR=1.40; 95% CI: 0.70-2.51) and 17 in NRT women (SIR=0.76; 95% CI: 0.44-1.22), 72 contralateral breast cancers in RT (SIR=1.85; 95% CI: 1.45-2.33) and 150 in NRT women (SIR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.16-1.61), and 90 other neoplasms in RT (SIR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.10-1.68) and 224 in NRT women (SIR=1.05; 95% CI: 0.91-1.19). Overall, there were 173 second neoplasms in RT women (SIR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.32-1.78) and 391 among NRT women (SIR=1.13, 95% CI: 1.02-1.25). The estimates were significantly heterogeneous. After 15 years, 20% of RT cases vs 16% of NRT cases had developed a second neoplasm. The appreciable excess risk of subsequent neoplasms after RT for breast cancer must be weighed against the approximately 5% reduction of breast cancer mortality at 15 years after RT
Incidence of invasive cancers following carcinoma in situ of the cervix
No full textWomen with carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the cervix uteri, notified to the population-based Cancer Registry of the Swiss Canton of Vaud between 1974 and 1993, were actively followed up to 31 December 1993 for the occurrence of subsequent invasive neoplasms. Among 2190 incident cases of CIS, followed for a total of 22,225 person-years, 95 metachronous cancers were observed vs 77.9 expected, corresponding to a significant standardised incidence ratio (SIR) of 1.2. Ten cases of invasive cervical cancer were observed vs 3.0 expected (SIR = 3.4, P or = 10 years after CIS diagnosis. There was also an excess of non-melanomatous skin cancers (29 observed, 16.9 expected, SIR = 1.7; P < 0.01), but not of skin melanoma and of any of the other neoplasms considered, including breast and corpus uteri. This population-based study, therefore, finds an excess of invasive cervical cancer in the short term after CIS diagnosis, and a medium- to long-term excess risk of tobacco-related and non-melanomatous skin neoplasms. These findings are discussed in terms of increased surveillance and case ascertainment after CIS, and of potential shared risk factors (tobacco and/or viral infections)
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