204 research outputs found
Studi sul repubblicanesimo. In onore di Maurizio Viroli
No full textMaurizio Viroli è Professor Emeritus of Politics alla Princeton University e Professor of Government alla University of Texas at Austin. Nel suo lungo e prolifico percorso di ricerca, sviluppatosi in diversi ambiti di studio pur gravitando sempre intorno alla tradizione politica del repubblicanesimo e alla figura di Machiavelli, ha costantemente dialogato con studiose e studiosi europei e americani. Questo volume, curato da Marcello Gisondi e Giorgio Volpe, vuole rendere omaggio a quel percorso intellettuale ravvivando quel dialogo grazie ai contributi di Gennaro Maria Barbuto, Gianfranco Borrelli, Thomas Casadei, Hilary Gatti, Robert P. George, Tommaso Greco, Jorge Islas López, Giacomo Jori, Fabrizio Lomonaco, Harvey C. Mansfield, Jean-Jacques Marchand, Sauro Mattarelli, Dino Mengozzi, Thomas L. Pangle, Nicola Panichi, Gianfranco Pasquino, Quentin Skinner, Lorraine Smith Pangle, Pasquale Stoppelli, David L. Tubbs, Jeffrey K. Tulis e Gianfrancesco Zanetti. Il volume contiene inoltre una bibliografia degli scritti di Viroli, utile a chi voglia accostarsi o approfondire la sua opera
Book review: The Spirit of Modem Republicanism: The Moral Vision of the American Founders and the Philosophy of Locke. By Thomas L. Pangle.
No full textBook review: The Spirit of Modem Republicanism: The Moral Vision of the American Founders and the Philosophy of Locke. By Thomas L. Pangle. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago
Press. 1988. Pp. 344. Reviewed by: Robert Faulkner.Faulkner, Robert. (1990). Book review: The Spirit of Modem Republicanism: The Moral Vision of the American Founders and the Philosophy of Locke. By Thomas L. Pangle.. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/165300
The Learning of Liberty: The Educational Ideas of the American Founders
No full textLorraine Smith Pangle is professor of government and Co-Director of the Thomas Jefferson Center for the Study of Core Texts and Ideas at the University of Texas at Austin. She is the author or coauthor of four books, including Virtue Is Knowledge: The Moral Foundations of Socratic Political Philosophy.
Thomas L. Pangle holds the Joe R. Long Endowed Chair in Democratic Studies in the Department of Government at the University of Texas at Austin. He is the author, coauthor, or editor of more than a dozen books, including Justice Among Nations: On the Moral Basis of Power and Peace.
With a New Preface by the Authors.This Kansas Open Books title is funded by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program.American schools are in a state of crisis.
At the root of our current perplexity, beneath the difficulties with funding, social problems, and low test scores, festers a serious uncertainty as to what the focus and goals of education should be. We are increasingly haunted by the suspicion that our educational theories and institutions have lost sight of the need to perpetuate a core of moral and civic knowledge that is essential for any citizen's education, and indeed for any individual's happiness. Mining the Founders' rich reflections on education, the Pangles suggest, can help us recover a clearer sense of perspective and purpose.
With a commanding knowledge of the history of political philosophy, the authors illustrate how the Founders both drew upon and transformed the ideas of earlier philosophers of education such as Plato, Xenophon, Milton, Bacon, and Locke. They trace the emergence of a new American ideal of public education that puts civic instruction at its core to sustain a high quality of leadership and public discourse while producing resourceful, self-reliant members of a uniquely fluid society.
The Pangles also explore the wisdom and the weaknesses inherent in Jefferson's attempt to create a comprehensive system of schooling that would educate parents and children and offer unprecedented freedom of choice to university students. An original closing section examines the Founders' ideas for bringing all aspects of society to bear on education. It also shows how Washington, Jefferson, and Franklin presented their own lives as models for the education of others and analyzes the subtle, provocative moral philosophy implicit in the self-depiction of each.
The Learning of Liberty is historical and scholarly yet relentlessly practical, seeking from the Founders useful insights into the human soul and the character of good education. Even if the Founders do not provide us with ready-made solutions to many of our problems, the Pangles suggest, a study of their writings can give us a more realistic perspective, by teaching that our bewilderment is in some measure an outgrowth of unresolved tensions embedded in the Founders' own conceptions of republicanism, religion, education, and human nature
Review of Thomas Pangle, Aristotle's Teaching in the Politics
No full textAt first glance, Aristotle’s Politics is a repository of dry, professorial lecture notes. Although the work contains the occasional literary reference or historical digression, analysis, argumentation, and socio-political taxonomies predominate. Beneath the surface of such prose, Pangle locates an Aristotle who seeks to involve the reader in dialogical exchange—much like as in a Platonic dialogue—by means of dialectical, rhetorical and literary devices. Pangle—a student of the political theorist Leo Strauss, a translator of Plato, Aristophanes and Sophocles, and the author of books on modern political theorists such as Montesquieu, Locke, and the Federalist Papers—has written a study of the Politics informed not only by a close reading of the text, but also its relationship to modern republicanism, and the conflict between rationalism and religion. A previously published introduction presents what Pangle takes to be Aristotle’s rhetorical strategy in the Politics; it is followed by chapters organized around individual books in the Politics (a chapter each for Politics I, II, and III, and consolidated chapters for Politics IV-VI and VII-VIII—the last of which had been previously published in part). The text is followed by almost 50 pages of notes, notes in which Aquinas is cited as frequently (and sometimes more frequently) than contemporary Aristotle scholars like P. Simpson, R. Kraut, and E. Schütrumpf and Alfarabi is cited more frequently than F. Miller (although by far the most frequently cited authorities are the 19th century scholars F. Susemihl, R.D. Hicks, and above all, W. Newman). The book is clearly a mature work of scholarship, informed by extended reflection on Aristotle’s Politics and the subsequent western tradition of political theory and philological commentary which has responded to it
Review of Thomas Pangle, Aristotle's Teaching in the Politics
No full textAt first glance, Aristotle’s Politics is a repository of dry, professorial lecture notes. Although the work contains the occasional literary reference or historical digression, analysis, argumentation, and socio-political taxonomies predominate. Beneath the surface of such prose, Pangle locates an Aristotle who seeks to involve the reader in dialogical exchange—much like as in a Platonic dialogue—by means of dialectical, rhetorical and literary devices. Pangle—a student of the political theorist Leo Strauss, a translator of Plato, Aristophanes and Sophocles, and the author of books on modern political theorists such as Montesquieu, Locke, and the Federalist Papers—has written a study of the Politics informed not only by a close reading of the text, but also its relationship to modern republicanism, and the conflict between rationalism and religion. A previously published introduction presents what Pangle takes to be Aristotle’s rhetorical strategy in the Politics; it is followed by chapters organized around individual books in the Politics (a chapter each for Politics I, II, and III, and consolidated chapters for Politics IV-VI and VII-VIII—the last of which had been previously published in part). The text is followed by almost 50 pages of notes, notes in which Aquinas is cited as frequently (and sometimes more frequently) than contemporary Aristotle scholars like P. Simpson, R. Kraut, and E. Schütrumpf and Alfarabi is cited more frequently than F. Miller (although by far the most frequently cited authorities are the 19th century scholars F. Susemihl, R.D. Hicks, and above all, W. Newman). The book is clearly a mature work of scholarship, informed by extended reflection on Aristotle’s Politics and the subsequent western tradition of political theory and philological commentary which has responded to it
Transpiration and canopy conductance of mixed species conifer stands in an inland Pacific Northwest forest /by Robert Earl Pangle.
No full textDuring 2004 and 2005, we examined the influence of increasing tree height on canopy level stomatal conductance and transpiration in five tree species growing in mixed coniferous forests located in northern Idaho, USA. In a replicated study involving nine stands of varying height, we measured stem sap-flux rates in 50 trees that ranged in height from 4.8 to 42.7 m. Across the 2-year sampling period, we observed significant decreases in leaf-level canopy conductance (GS) with increasing tree height for the Larix occidentalis, Pinus monticola, and Tsuga heterophylla trees in our study. We also observed decreases in canopy conductance (GS) with increasing height in Thuja plicata, but the rate of decline was not statistically significant. We did not observe a decline in canopy GS across the 2-year sampling period in the Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca trees that we measured. Specifically, across all species and years, daily mean GS averaged 28.9 (3.0), 21.9 (1.9), and 19.1 (1.5) mmol m{esc}p-2{esc}ss{esc}p-1{esc}s respectively for the short, intermediate, and tall height class trees in our study. Our observations of declining GS with increasing tree height are in agreement with a central tenet of the hydraulic limits hypothesis, which predicts decreased leaf level stomatal conductance as hydraulic resistance in the xylem pathway increases with tree height.;In a second portion of the study, we estimated stand-level water flux and canopy gas exchange rates using sap-flux measurements of tree water flux (JS) scaled to the canopy level. Across the 2-year sampling period, mean daily stand transpiration (EC) averaged 1.25 (0.35), 1.57 (0.10), and 1.45 (0.32) mm day{esc}p-1{esc}s respectively for short, intermediate, and tall height class stands. We observed no significant decrease in average stand level canopy transpiration as stand height increased. Daily mean canopy conductance (GC) across the 2-year study averaged 3.31 (0.87), 3.29 (0.12), and 3.07 (0.47) mm s{esc}p-1{esc}s respectively for the short, intermediate, and tall height class stands. Similar to stand EC, we did not observe a significant decline in average stand level canopy conductance (GC) as stand height increased. However, there was a site specific trend of decreasing GC with canopy height increase, and this trend was observed to be even stronger when a short class stand with low stem density and low LAI was removed from the analysis. Total stand sapwood area and LAI varied considerably across the stands in our study, and along with changes in species composition, these variables had a strong impact on estimates of stand EC and GC. In conclusion, we observed significant decreases in leaf-level transpiration and stomatal conductance with increasing tree height. However, these decreases at the leaf level were not always observed when sap-flux rates were scaled to the ground and canopy level due to site specific variations in species composition, total stand sapwood area, and LAI.Thesis (Ph. D., Natural Resources)--University of Idaho, October 2008
The Ennobling of Democracy: The Challenge of the Postmodern Age
No full textReview of the book by Thomas L. Pangle
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A Tocquevillean analysis of the democratic peace research program and modern liberal foreign policy
No full texttextAlexis de Tocqueville is widely hailed as one of the most insightful students of democracy and as one of the most perceptive observers of America. While this high praise is fully deserved, Tocqueville was more than simply the author of Democracy in America. Indeed, he completed the journey that inspired his seminal work before he was out of his twenties. The remainder of his life was devoted to the practice of politics. Both as an involved citizen and as a member of the Chamber of Deputies, Tocqueville researched and wrote extensively on French foreign policy. His most notable works are several reports endorsing French colonial projects in Algeria and articles advocating for the emancipation of slavery in the French Caribbean colonies. In this essay I argue that one cannot truly understand Tocqueville the student without analyzing Tocqueville the politician. Approaching his career as a consistent whole, rather than two distinct and incongruous parts, opens new avenues of investigation into his works. First, his incisive examination and critique of the distinct mildness engendered by equality of conditions in America helps fill several theoretical gaps in the democratic peace research program. Second, his arguments in support of both French imperial enterprises as well as the emancipation of slaves reveals that his diplomatic career was animated above all by the desire to forestall the further proliferation of this democratic mildness, which he viewed as one of democracy’s most dangerous vices. Examining his foreign policy positions in light of the lessons he learned in writing Democracy in America is the only way to discover the consistent goal of his life—namely, to educate and guide the future generations of democracy—and thus to understand Tocqueville as he understood himself.Governmen
Impact of sensor failure on the observability of flow dynamics at the Biosphere 2 LEO hillslopes
No full textThe Biosphere 2 Landscape Evolution Observatory (LEO) has been developed to investigate hydrological, chemical, biological, and geological processes in a large-scale, controlled infrastructure. The experimental hillslopes at LEO are instrumented with a large number of different sensors that allow detailed monitoring of local and global dynamics and changes in the hydrological state and structure of the landscapes. Sensor failure, i.e., a progressive reduction in the number of active or working sensors, in such an evolving system can have a dramatic impact on observability of flow dynamics and estimation of the model parameters that characterize the soil properties. In this study we assess the retrieval of the spatial distributions of soil water content and saturated hydraulic conductivity under different scenarios of heterogeneity (different values of correlation length of the random field describing the hydraulic conductivity) and a variable number of active sensors. To avoid the influence of model structural errors and measurement bias, the analysis is based on a synthetic representation of the first hydrological experiment at LEO simulated with the physically-based hydrological model CATHY. We assume that the true hydraulic conductivity is a particular random realization of a stochastic field with lognormal distribution and exponential correlation length. During the true run, we collect volumetric water content measurements at an hourly interval. Perturbed observations are then used to estimate the total water storage via linear interpolation and to retrieve the conductivity field via the ensemble Kalman filter technique. The results show that when less than 100 out of 496 total sensors are active, the reconstruction of volumetric water content may introduce large errors in the estimation of total water storage. In contrast, retrieval of the saturated hydraulic conductivity distribution allows the CATHY model to reproduce the integrated hydrological response of LEO for all sensor configurations investigated
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Revival, reform, and reason in Islam : Alfarabi on the proper relationship between religion and politics
No full textThis dissertation applies the teachings of Alfarabi to the debate between Muslim revivalists and reformists. Reviewing selected works of Khomeini, Maududi, and Qutb, I
argue that Islamist revivalism constitutes a fundamental challenge to rational political science insofar as the former demands subordinating reason to revelation. Next, through a critical analysis of several liberal Muslim theorists, I show that these leading reformists fail to vindicate the role of reason in political matters and therefore leave the Islamist
challenge unmet. I subsequently turn to Alfarabi's "Book of Religion" (Kitāb al-Milla) with an emphasis on the philosopher's treatment of political science. In doing so, I find that Alfarabi is able to offer a far more compelling response than the liberals to that view
of piety on which the Islamist position depends. I therefore suggest that it is Alfarabi, above all, who points modern scholars toward the necessary theoretical foundations of any successful intellectual engagement with Islamism.Governmen
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