1,721,317 research outputs found
Chemoradiation therapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer : which kind of cooperation?
No full textSquamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: ESMO clinical recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up
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Antiangiogenic TKIs and advanced RAI-resistant thyroid cancer : time for rethinking treatment strategies?
No full textSystemic therapy in the palliative management of advanced salivary gland cancers
No full textCancers of the salivary glands are unusual lesions that vary widely in their histologic appearance and molecular characteristics. Likewise, there is a wide spectrum of biologic behavior, ranging from low-grade, minimally invasive tumors, to highly lethal malignancies. There are few data on the role of systemic therapies in the management of these cancers, and chemotherapy is generally reserved for the palliative management of advanced disease that is not amenable to local therapies such as surgery and/or radiation. The majority of patients for whom systemic therapy is considered will have either adenoid cystic carcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma, or high-grade adenocarcinoma. This article will review the available literature regarding the use of palliative chemotherapy for patients with advanced salivary gland cancer of these histologies, with an emphasis on the potential role of targeted agents. There is a need for a determined, coordinated effort to conduct high-quality clinical trials in patients with these rare cancers
Fosbretabulin for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer
No full textFosbretabulin tromethamine is a vascular disrupting agent, which is a type of drug that is designed to damage the vasculature (blood vessels) of cancer tumors, causing central necrosis. This drug showed activity against anaplastic thyroid cancer that was demonstrated in orthotopic xenograft models as well as in Phase I/II trials with or without carboplatin and paclitaxel combination therapy. In all of these studies, fosbretabulin was well tolerated
Antiemetic therapy
No full textThe emetogenic potential of cancer chemotherapeutic agents varies according to the agent employed. Among the highly emetogenic agents, cisplatin has been the most studied. As for emesis induced by cisplatin, an optimal antiemetic schedule is effective in 70-90% of cases of acute emesis, in 60% of cases of delayed emesis, whereas acute emesis induced by moderately emetogenic agents can be prevented in over 90% of cases. The major risk factor in delayed emesis is the vomiting experienced during the previous chemotherapy cycles. Special situations are represented by high-dose chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Drugs and scheduling for emesis prevention in children are empirically derived from the regimens employed for adults, although some differences in the pharmacokinetics and in toxicity profiles have been reported
Individualised quality of life as a measure to guide treatment choices in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
No full textIn patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), aggressive treatment is effective, but can significantly impact their health-related quality of life (HRQoL), particularly if there is damage to the structures involved in swallowing, breathing, speech or physical appearance. Long-term psychosocial support may be required for patients whose basic functioning and social interactions are affected. In randomised clinical trials in SCCHN, HRQoL has not been routinely reported and, with a number of different HRQoL tools available, data for many of the parameters that patients consider important in their day-to-day lives are not widely available to clinicians. In addition, the assessment of HRQoL outside of the clinical trial setting is even scarcer. In an era of personalised medicine, an individualised approach to assessing QoL (iQoL) is of paramount importance when treating and monitoring patients with SCCHN; by responding to QoL concerns, appropriate treatment regimens that result in meaningful improvements in clinical outcomes and quality of survival (QoS) for patients can be adopted. In this review we describe the tools available for assessing HRQoL in cancer patients and provide an overview of the HRQoL data currently available in head and neck cancer. How this information can be used to individualise treatment to optimise clinical outcomes, maximise the patient's day-to-day living and minimise healthcare spending in SCCHN is discussed
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