939 research outputs found
Three (Marginal?) Questions Regarding Convergence
No full textThis paper focuses on three (marginal?) questions surrounding the analysis of economic convergence and uses Spanish provinces as a means of illustration. The three questions in hand are the following: (i) given that the geographical units of analysis are usually quite different in economic size, is the weighting of economic units relevant in convergence analysis? (ii) the average per capita income of a given region, or country, is the first moment in the distribution of income, but what about the second moment, inequality? Have we converged in inequality? and (iii) an aggregate welfare index must take into account, at least, the evolution of the first two moments of the distribution of income, and so does the adjustment for inequality make important differences in the evolution of average per capita income? The answer to the first two questions is yes, but to the third it is clearly no.Convergence, income distribution, inequality indices and regional analysis
FURTHER EVIDENCE ON SPANISH REGIONAL CONVERGENCE (PER CAPITA INCOME VERSUS WELFARE, ARE THEY SO DIFFERENT?)
No full textSind standardisierte praktische Prüfungen sinnvoll?
No full textUniversity teaching in ophthalmology has tended to focus on imparting knowledge rather than practical skills. The new skills laboratory at the University Medical Center in Gottingen enables practical skills to be taught. The focus is on basic skills that could help all physicians. The learning goals set are techniques considered basic in ophthalmology that can be mastered without requiring any physician to operate major equipment. The design and results from four semesters of an ophthalmological objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) following students engaged in peer-teaching, as well as feedback from a student questionnaire are described. Practical skills can successfully be taught and mastered within 1 week and 68-100 % of all students achieved the maximum scores in the individual tests. The OSCE and peer- eaching were well received by the students. Practical skills and peer teaching fulfill student educational goals in ophthalmology and are well accepted by undergraduates
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No full textNanobodies are single-domain antibodies of camelid origin. We generated nanobodies against the vertebrate nuclear pore complex (NPC) and used them in STORM imaging to locate individual NPC proteins with
The Extended Atkinson Family and Changes in the Expenditure Distribution: Spain 1973/74-2003
No full textThis paper emphasizes the properties of a family of inequality measures which extends the Atkinson indices and is axiomatically characterized by a multiplicative decomposition property where the withingroup component is a generalized weighted mean with weights summing exactly to 1. This family contains canonical forms of all aggregative inequality measures, each bounded above by 1, has a useful and intuitive geometric interpretation and provides an alternative dominance criterion for ordering distributions in terms of inequality. Taking the Spanish Household Budget Surveys (HBS) for 1973/74, 1980/81, and 1990/91 and the more recent Continuous HBS for 2003, we show the advantages and possibilities of this extended family in regard to completing and detailing information in studies of inequality focussing on the tails of the distribution and on the changes in the distribution when the population is partitioned into population subgroups.inequality measurement, Atkinson indices
Recent Results from Low- and Forward Physics at HERA
No full textThe production of forward jets in inclusive as well as diffractive deep inelastic scattering at HERA is studied with the H1 detector.For inclusive DIS events at low with a forward jet, produced close to the proton remnant, differential cross sections and normalised distributions are measured as a function of the azimuthal angle difference between the forward jet and the scattered positron. Results on dijet production cross sections are also presented for diffractive DIS events in which the final state proton is tagged in the H1 Forward Proton Spectrometer. Two topologies are investigated by either requiring the two jets being produced centrally or by requiring that one of the jets is going in the forward direction.The data are compared with NLO QCD predictions as well as leading orderMonte Carlo models
The Model of Freedom in Action: an evaluation of a cross cultural training for multinational teams
No full textWhen Does It Hurt? The Exchange Rate "Pain Threshold" for German Exports
No full textThis paper deals with the impact of the /Euro exchange rate does not exist, since the borders of the play area and, thus, also the "pain threshold" (as the upper border) depend on the historical path of the whole process. We come up with an estimate of a play area width of 24 US dollar cent per euro. At the end of our estimation period, the previous exchange rate movements had shifted the upper bound of the play area to about 1.55 US dollar per euro. In our interpretation, this is the current "pain threshold", where a strong spurt reaction of exports to a further appreciation of the euro is expected to start.Exchange rate movements, play hysteresis, modelling techniques, switching regression, export demand
Vom Siegeszug übergreifenden Rechts in der Dämmerung des Staates: Neue und alte „Verfassungsverträge“, diverse europäische Rechtsregime, auch am Beispiel der öffentlichen Sicherheit und vor dem Hintergrund einer aufkommenden europäischen juristischen Methodik, sowie regionale und weltweite Jurisdiktionen
No full textOn the basis of two professorial dissertations, two dissertations and an assignment on the legal methodology of European law, the article shows the breakup, overlap and penetration of hitherto existing – maybe only allegedly closed – structures of the national state and in particular of its constitution by European and International Public Law. Thereby the author traces the development directions, which appear to initiate a constitutionalisation of the Community‘s sphere of law, and in fact have been retarded by the failure of the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe, but not have been held up. At the same time it is discussed, which classifications of the jurisdictions on the different levels this proceeding constitutionalisation conditions
Urban and rural population estimates at municipal level
No full text[EN] This paper presents an exercise in the estimation of rural and urban population at
municipal level. Our starting point is a population density grid at 1 km2 resolution
and national coverage, which has been elaborated previously by the authors.
Applying standard criteria in European official statistics (Eurostat) we determine
the population that lives in urban clusters (contiguous grid cells with a minimum
population density of 300 inhabitants per km2 and a minimum population of 5.000
inhabitants) and outside these clusters, which are called rural areas. Using similar
criteria (contiguous grid cells with a minimum population density of 1.500
inhabitants per km2 and a minimum population of 50.000 inhabitants) we
determine the population living in urban centers or high density clusters.
Transforming this rural/urban grid in rural and urban municipal population is
accomplished by means of simple Geographical Information System operations
(GIS). In this way, we determine, for each commune, the population that lives in
rural areas, in urban clusters and in urban centers, if any of these is present in the
commune. Eventually, and also by means of Eurostat criteria, we offer a
rural/intermediate/urban typology at municipal level.[ES] Este trabajo presenta un ejercicio de estimación de la población rural y urbana a
nivel de municipio. Partimos para ello de una grid de densidad poblacional con
resolución 1 km2 y ámbito nacional, elaborada previamente por los autores. La
aplicación de criterios estándar en la estadística oficial europea (Eurostat) nos
permite determinar la población que vive en aglomeraciones urbanas (celdas
contiguas con una densidad mínima de 300 habitantes por km2 y un mínimo de
población de 5.000 habitantes) y fuera de ellas, es decir en áreas rurales. Mediante
criterios similares (contigüidad, densidad mínima de 1.500 habitantes por km2 y
un mínimo de población de 50.000 habitantes) determinamos la población que
vive en aglomeraciones urbanas de alta densidad. La trasformación de esta grid
rural/urbana en poblaciones rurales y urbanas a nivel de municipio se realiza
mediante simples operaciones en el contexto de los Sistemas de Información
Geográfica (SIG), de esta forma para cada municipio somos capaces de determinar
la población que vive en áreas rurales, en aglomeraciones urbanas y en
aglomeraciones de alta densidad, si es que estas últimas están presentes en un
municipio concreto. Finalmente, y también mediante la aplicación de criterios
Eurostat, ofrecemos una tipología rural/intermedio/urbano a nivel municipal.Los autores agradecen la ayuda del Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (Ivie) para la realización de este trabajo y a Rodrigo Aragón en el tratamiento informático de los datos. Francisco J. Goerlich agradece la ayuda del proyecto del Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología ECO2011-23248 y del programa de investigación Fundación BBVA-Ivie. Resultados mencionados en el texto pero no ofrecidos están disponibles si se solicitan a los autores.Goerlich Gisbert, FJ.; Cantarino Martí, I. (2015). Estimaciones de la población rural y urbana a nivel municipal. Estadística Española. 57(186):5-28. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/75005S5285718
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