191,899 research outputs found
Édition en perspective 2012-2013 : rapport d\u27activité du Syndicat national de l\u27édition (L\u27)
No full textRapport annuel du Syndicat national de l\u27Édition
Response of daminozide-sprayed‵McIntosh′apples to various concentrations of oxygen and ethylene in simulated CA storage
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NOx Emission Prediction Based on Measurement of in-Cylinder Pressure for CI Engine Running with Diesel and Biodiesel
No full textNOx is one of the major toxic emissions that needs to be regulated stringently in both EU and USA emission regulations. The engine designer is keen to get an accurate, reliable and cost effective NOx measurement system. In this paper, the application of the cylinder pressure for predicting the NOx emission of compression ignition (CI) engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel during steady state operations is carried out. To address the problem, an experimental work was conducted on four-cylinder, turbo-charged, four-stroke and direct-injection CI engine which was fuelled with diesel and biodiesel blends. During the experiment, the main parameters consisting of in-cylinder pressure, fuel flow rate, air flow rate, and the NOx emission, were measured. The temperature within the cylinder was predicted using the cylinder pressure and air flow rate. Using the temperature values, the NOx emission was simulated in the Zeldovich extended mechanism. The simulation result was then compared with the measured one for a range of engine operating conditions. The models were shown to produce consistent results with the measured one for a range of engine working speeds and loads
Efficacy and safety of celivarone, with amiodarone as calibrator, in patients with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for prevention of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator interventions or death: The ALPHEE study
No full textBackground—Celivarone is a new antiarrhythmic agent developed for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of celivarone in preventing implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) interventions or death.
Methods and Results—Celivarone (50, 100, or 300 mg/d) was assessed compared with placebo in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Amiodarone (200 mg/d after loading dose of 600 mg/d for 10 days) was used as a calibrator. A total of 486 patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction 40% and at least
1 ICD intervention for ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in the previous month or ICD implantation in the previous month for documented ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation were randomized. Median treatment duration was 9 months. The primary efficacy end point was occurrence of ventricular
tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation–triggered ICD interventions (shocks or antitachycardia pacing) or sudden death. The proportion of patients experiencing an appropriate ICD intervention or sudden death was 61.5% in the placebo group; 67.0%, 58.8%, and 54.9% in the celivarone 50-, 100-, and 300-mg groups, respectively; and 45.3%
in the amiodarone group. Hazard ratios versus placebo for the primary end point ranged from 0.860 for celivarone 300 mg to 1.199 for celivarone 50 mg. None of the comparisons versus placebo were statistically significant. Celivarone had an acceptable safety profile.
Conclusions—Celivarone was not effective for the prevention of ICD interventions or sudden deat
New mono and bimetallic chloroquine derivatives : synthesis and evaluation as antiparasitic agents
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.Several series of new ferrocenyl-quinoline antimalarial agents have been synthesised and fully characterised using standard spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The molecular structure of N-(7-Chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-N'-[2 -( N”,N""-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenylmethyl]-ethane-1.2-diamine has been determined by x-ray crystallography. N-(7-Chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-N'-[2-( N”, N""-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenylmethyl]-alkyl-1 ,n-diamine compounds were made where n = 2-6. These compounds contain a reactive secondary amine centre through which derivatisation to form aryl urea and aryl sulfonamide compounds was achieved. Complexes of the types: triphenylphosphine(L)gold(l) nitrate, pentafluorophenyl(L)gold(l) and chloro(cyclooctadiene)(L)rhodium(l) have been synthesised (where L = chloroquine, ferroquine, N-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-N'-[2-( N”, N""-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl methyl]-ethane-1 ,2-diamine, 3-benzyl-1-[2-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-ethyl]-1-[2-(N"",N""-dimethylaminomethyl)-ferrocenylmethyl]urea). All compounds have been evaluated against chloroquine sensitive and chloroquine resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. In most cases good activity was found in both strains of the parasite. N-(7-Chloro-quinol in-4-yl)-N'-[2 -( N”, N""-dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocenyl methyl]-alkyl-1, n-diamine compounds have been made where n = 2-6. It was found that in vitro efficacy against P. falciparum diminished with increasing spacer length. The introduction of the aryl urea moiety served to influence efficacy towards P. falciparum and toxicity towards mammalian cells. In some cases the toxicity was significantly reduced accompanied by an improvement in efficacy. The coordination complexes where L = chloroquine showed improved efficacy in the chloroquine resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum. In the heterobimetallic complexes, the ligand L showed equivalent or better in vitro efficacy than the coordination complexes of L against both chloroquine sensitive D10 and chloroquine resistant K1 strains of P. falciparum. Preliminary structure-activity studies were carried out on some of the prepared compounds. Phenylene analogues of some of the ferrocenyl compounds have been synthesized and it was found that the analogues show similar in vitro efficacy to each other in both chloroquine sensitive 3D7 and chloroquine resistant K1 strains of P. falciparum. The presence of a ferrocenyl moiety in the side chain of chloroquine analogues appears to have a synergistic or additive effect on in vitro efficacy
Édition en perspective 2010-2011 : rapport d\u27activité du Syndicat national de l\u27édition (L\u27)
No full textRapport annuel du Syndicat national de l\u27Édition
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Predictors of Stunting, Wasting and Underweight among Tanzanian Children Born to HIV-Infected Women.
No full textChildren born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child characteristics that are associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected mothers, followed from 6 weeks of age for 24 months. Maternal and socioeconomic characteristics were recorded during pregnancy, data pertaining to the infant's birth were collected immediately after delivery, morbidity histories and anthropometric measurements were performed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess the association between potential predictors and the time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight. A total of 2387 infants (54.0% male) were enrolled and followed for a median duration of 21.2 months. The respective prevalence of prematurity (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) was 15.2% and 7.0%; 11.3% of infants were HIV-positive at 6 weeks. Median time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight was 8.7, 7.2 and 7.0 months, respectively. Low maternal education, few household possessions, low infant birth weight, child HIV infection and male sex were all independent predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight. In addition, preterm infants were more likely to become wasted and underweight, whereas those with a low Apgar score at birth were more likely to become stunted. Interventions to improve maternal education and nutritional status, reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and increase birth weight may lower the risk of undernutrition among children born to HIV-infected women
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