145 research outputs found
MEDIA MIX AND CONTRACEPTIVE BEHAVIOR OF SEXUALLY ACTIVE NIGERIANS*
No full text**Moses Olayiwola Raimi was a senior lecturer in the Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, at the time of writing. Unfortunately, he passed away before he could see the publication of this article to which he had contributed immensely. The first author wants to dedicate this article to late Dr. Moses Olayiwola Raimi. Large-scale national studies have found similar results. In their analysis of the Nigerian Demographic and Health Survey, However, the question remains whether there is an added advantage when reproductive health and family planning messages are disseminated through a number of media channels. A study in Tanzania has shown a positive impact of full multimedia family planning promotion on contraceptive behavior. In this paper, we test Nigerian data to assess whether the number of media messages sexually active men and women in Nigeria are exposed to affect their contraceptive behavior, measured by contraceptive use status, spousal discussions of family planning and visits to a family planning clinic. The effects of two family planning program interventions on contraceptive behavior in Nigeria are also examined. BACKGROUN
A Comparative Study on the Stormwater Retention of Organic Waste Substrates Biochar, Sawdust, and Wood Bark Recovered from Psidium Guajava L. Species
Get PDFThis research compares the stormwater retention performances of an organic waste growing medium extracted from the widely available Psidium guajavala L species in Sri Lanka. Rainfall gauges were manually constructed to outsource accurate precipitation data, and the study was conducted throughout the entire month of January 2023. A stormwater retention curve was constructed for the Biochar, Sawdust and Wood bark substrates and the hotspots were compared. Furthermore, the results were validated using a volumetric comparison of water retention. The experimental outcomes have shown that Biochar exhibits strong water retention ability and enables the overlaying vegetation to acquire nutrients without external obstacles. The main reason for this exceptional performance was biochar's low evaporation levels and high porosity. In contrast, Sawdust was found to be the worst performer in terms of water retention due to its high thermal conductivity. These experimental studies were rationalised by outsourcing the specimen from the same tree. Our recommendations suggest that the biochar manufacturing industry needs to be improved in the future since it provides a sustainable and effective alternative in terms of eco-friendly substrates
Mainstreaming diversity, equity and inclusion as future workplace ethics/ Lukman Raimi, and Jainaba Kah, editors.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index."This book fulfills a need for academics and researchers to provide some veritable measures for evaluating the multicultural, plural, and monolithic organizations, where diversity, equity, and inclusion have been embraced"--Homo precarious : lifelong learning as social control / Georgios Dourgkounas -- Dimensions in EDI policy development : considerations for emerging work ethics / Brian Gay -- Impact of workforce diversity on innovation : the anti-aging formula for family firms / Hani Chaarani, Yehya Skaf, Danielle Khalife -- Affordable childcare as a means to encourage women workforce participation / Amrita Chanda -- Social identity theory, diversity, equity and inclusion : diversity, equity and inclusion / Agnes Sansa Ssempebwa -- Mainstreaming diversity, equity, and inclusion as future workplace ethics : effect of diversity, equity, and inclusion on organizational performance / Oluwayemisi Owa.1 online resource (xxv, 297 pages
Solid microcrystalline dispersion films as a new strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs: a case study using olanzapine
Get PDFIn this study, we evaluate the dissolution rate enhancement of solid microcrystalline dispersion (SMD) films of olanzapine (OLZ) formulated with four water-soluble polymers namely poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poloxamer 188 (P188), poloxamer 407 (P407) and Soluplus(®) (SLP). Prepared formulations were characterised to determine particle size, morphology, hydrogen bonding interactions, thermal characteristics as well as in vitro dissolution studies conducted under sink conditions (pH 6.8). Particle size of OLZ in all formulations ranged between 42 and 58μm. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Hot-Stage Microscopy (HSM) studies confirmed OLZ was well maintained in its crystalline state during the formulation process. In vitro dissolution studies showed immediate drug release from all formulation when compared to the drug alone. The greatest increase in in vitro dissolution rate was observed in formulations containing P188 most likely due to its enhanced hydrophilic and surfactant properties compared to the other agents used. Overall, this study successfully generated OLZ loaded SMD films with improved in vitro dissolution rates which is highly likely to result in improved oral bioavailability in vivo
Neural Correlates of the Relationship between Optimism and Pain Perception in a Conditioned Pain Modulation Paradigm
No full textIntroduction: Pain is a pervasive public health problem in the United States. Despite its prevalence, the variables influencing pain processing remain poorly understood. It is now accepted that psychological factors such as optimism have the potential to influence both clinical and experimental pain outcomes. It has been suggested that people in high in optimism may modulate pain more effectively. However, the neural mechanisms of this relationship have not been explored. Method: Participants underwent psychophysical testing using a conditioned pain modulation (CPM) paradigm, a common measure of endogenous pain modulation. Participants rated a series of painful heat test stimuli alone and then again in the presence of a painful pressure conditioning stimulus.Participants typically rate the test stimuli as less painful in the presence of the conditioning stimulus, a phenomenon known as "pain inhibits pain” or CPM. Participants repeated the CPM paradigm in a separate session during a functional MRI scan. A measure of dispositional optimism was administered before the scan. Results: Imaging results showed that greater dispositional optimism was associated with increased heat-pain related brain activity in areas involved in sensory pain processing, including the somatosensory cortex, superior parietal lobe, and posterior insula. Optimism was also positively associated with activity in sensory brain areas during CPM stimulation, including in the superior parietal lobe, somatosensory cortex, and supramarginal gyrus. Additionally, during CPM stimulation, optimism was negatively associated with activity in brain areas implicated in gating attention to pain, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: Optimism may modulate differences in pain perception via attention and sensory awareness, whereby greater attention to painful stimuli causes increased perception of pain intensity
Transitioning to Decent Work and Economic Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for the Attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 8
No full textThe phenomenon of indecent workplaces poses serious existential threats to profits plants and people including the attainment of sustainable development goal SDG in Sub-Saharan Africa This chapter discusses the imperative of transition to decent work and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa a move that is expected to lead to the attainment of SDG 8 Using a mixed research method with preference for secondary data the paper provides richer findings on the subject of inquiry It was found that the per capita GDPs of Sub-Saharan Africa a period of 10 years 2000-2019 are very low when compared with the minimum per capita GDP of 3996 for the Upper-Middle Income countries Also the continent manifested a low tendency towards decent work because of worsening unemployment rates and higher vulnerable employment in the labour force With regards to practical and managerial implications the study validates the United Nations targets on economic growth and decent work which explicates that to sustain per capita economic growth the least developed countries must have at least 7 percent gross domestic product growth per annum including providing decent work for all women and me
Development and Evaluation of a Nurse Practitioner-Directed Fall Initiatives Program to Reduce Falls Rate in a Skilled Nursing Facility
No full textFalls are a common occurrence for in patient geriatrics in Skilled Nursing Facilities SNF. It is estimated that annually, approximately 40 50% of nursing home residents fall (Gliner et al.,2022). Roberts et al. (2020) also indicated that annually, over 2,000 older American adults in nursing homes die from fall related injuries. Fall s can cause injuries ranging from minor bruises to fractures and head injuries. Falls among nursing home residents have significant economic implications. The medical costs associated with fall related injuries is estimated at 18 million yearly (Gliner et al., 2022). In the SNF, there is a rise in the daily incidence of falls among the older adult population, ranging from 2 4 falls and at least one fall related injuries with each incident. To reduce the incidence of falls in the older population at the project SNF, a nurse practitioner proposed a directed falls initiative project to implement a change in practice with a positive outcome. The proposal included a n evidence based intentional rounding (IR) on the long term care unit intervention. The EBP project required a review of literature on quality improvement studies regarding IR , staff training session on the importance of the initiates for both patient and staff satisfaction, a Morse assessment tool, and an hourly rounding log. This six week data collection entails the completion of the Morse assessment obtained from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality on all the residents in the unit. The project conducted a review on a se lection of participating beds . The review included an analysis of the outcome of the assessment based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The project obtained weekly incident reports through the facility Risk Management reporting system of the pre and post implementation of the IR hourly. implementation of the IR hourly. The result showed a 2% decrease in fall on the pilot unit and a The result showed a 2% decrease in fall on the pilot unit and a 1.7 decrease in fall rate. 1.7 decrease in fall rate. To conclude, this project showed there was a significant decrease in the significant decrease in the fall rate fall rate indicative indicative of improvement and applicable of improvement and applicable to practice to practice
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