8 research outputs found
Analysis of caesarean section rate according to modified Robson’s classification at tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand, India
Get PDFBackground: High caesarean section rate worldwide including India is matter of concern. The aim of this study is to analyse caesarean section rate at tertiary care centre according to Modified Robson’s classification.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (SGRRIMHS) and Shri Mahant Indiresh Hospital at Dehradun from April 2018 to September 2018. All women delivered during this period were classified according to modified Robson’s classification using their maternal characteristics and obstetric history. For each group, authors calculated the caesarean section rate within the group and its contribution to overall caesarean section rate.Results: Out of total 1302 women delivered, 395 underwent CS (30.3%).The major contribution to overall caesarean section rate was 33.4% by group 5 (Previous CS, singleton, cephalic, >37weeks) followed by 16.7% by group 1 (nullipara, singleton, cephalic, >37 weeks, spontaneous labour), 12.4% by group 3 ( multipara, singleton, cephalic, >37 weeks, spontaneous labour ).CS rates among various group ranges from 100% among women with abnormal lie (group 9) to 77.5% in nulliparous breech (group 6), 73.7% in previous CS (group 5) and least 11.2% in multipara induced or pre labour CS (group 4).Conclusions: Modified Robson classification is simple, systematic, reproducible and can be effectively utilized in analyzing delivering women. Major contribution to overall caesarean section is made by previous CS
Cost-Effectiveness of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Treatment of Sialorrhea in Patients with Various Neurological Conditions
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SLN and NLC for topical, dermal, and transdermal drug delivery
No full textIntroduction: From a biopharmaceutical standpoint, the skin is recognized as an interesting route for drug delivery. In general, small molecules are able to penetrate the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin. In contrast, the delivery of larger molecules, such as peptides and proteins, remains a challenge. Nanoparticles have been exploited not only to enhance skin penetration of drugs but also to expand the range of molecules to be clinically used.Areas covered: This review focus on Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) for skin administration. We discuss the selection criteria for lipids, surfactants, and surface modifiers commonly in use in SLN/NLC, their production techniques, and the range of drugs loaded in these lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of skin disorders.Expert opinion: Depending on the lipid and surfactant composition, different nanoparticle morphologies can be generated. Both SLN and NLC are composed of lipids that resemble those of the skin and sebum, which contribute to their enhanced biocompatibility, with limited toxicological risk. SLN and NLC can be loaded with very chemically different drugs, may provide a tunable release profile, can be produced in a sterilized environment, and be scaled-up without the need for organic solvents.The authors acknowledge CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) for the financial support and for the fellowship of the second author (88887.368385/2019-00). Authors also acknowledge the support received from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation, Ministry of Science and Education (FCT/MEC) through national funds, and co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership
Agreement PT2020, for the projects M-ERA-NET-0004/2015-PAIRED and UIDB/04469/2020 (strategic fund).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Microstate connectivity alterations in patients with early Alzheimer's disease
Get PDFElectroencephalography (EEG) microstates and brain network are altered in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and discussed as potential biomarkers for AD. Microstates correspond to defined states of brain activity, and their connectivity patterns may change accordingly. Little is known about alteration of connectivity in microstates, especially in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment with stable or improving cognition within 30 months (aMCI).; Thirty-five outpatients with aMCI or mild dementia (mean age 77 ± 7 years, 47 % male, Mini Mental State Examination score ≥24) had comprehensive neuropsychological and clinical examinations. Subjects with cognitive decline over 30 months were allocated to the AD group, subjects with stable or improving cognition to the MCI-stable group. Results of neuropsychological testing at baseline were summarized in six domain scores. Resting state EEG was recorded with 256 electrodes and analyzed using TAPEEG. Five microstates were defined and individual data fitted. After phase transformation, the phase lag index (PLI) was calculated for the five microstates in every subject. Networks were reduced to 22 nodes for statistical analysis.; The domain score for verbal learning and memory and the microstate segmented PLI between the left centro-lateral and parieto-occipital regions in the theta band at baseline differentiated significantly between the groups. In the present sample, they separated in a logistic regression model with a 100 % positive predictive value, 60 % negative predictive value, 100 % specificity and 77 % sensitivity between AD and MCI-stable.; Combining neuropsychological and quantitative EEG test results allows differentiation between subjects with aMCI remaining stable and subjects with aMCI deteriorating over 30 months
Biofate and cellular interactions of lipid nanoparticles
No full textBy definition, drug targeting and delivery is the process of delivering a drug molecule to a specific site where the pharmacological effect is desired. A targeted release may simplify the drug administration protocols and reduce the amount of drug necessary, thus improving the cost-effectiveness and reducing the side effects. A drug administered by intravenous injection distributes in the whole body, reaching organs, tissues and cells where it's action is not required, potentially causing harmful effects. Therefore targeting is essential for the drug to reach the necessary concentration for therapeutic efficacy, while minimizing the toxic and unwanted effects to other organs caused by random and uncontrolled bioactive action. Nowadays, most of the targetable controlled drug delivery systems are based on nanotechnology. High selectivity and specificity ensure the physical contact of the bioactive molecule with the physiological target only at the desired location of the body. Indeed, the development of highly selective and site-specific delivery systems capable of maintaining the optimal effect in a suitable time frame is one of the main challenges in nanotherapy. Desirable features in nanocarriers include biodegradability and biocompatibility, nonimmunogenicity and stability in the bloodstream. These features can be found in different nanosystems available, such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC), nanogels, micelles, dendrimers, and so on. The surface area of a particulate system increases several orders of magnitude with the decrease of its size to nanometric scale, promoting higher interactions with the biological environment.The authors would like to thank the financial support received from Portuguese Science and Technology
Foundation (FCT/MCT) and from European Funds (PRODER/COMPETE) under the project references
M-ERA-NET/0004/2015-PAIRED and UIDB/04469/2020, co-financed by FEDER, under the Partner ship Agreement PT2020. The authors also acknowledge CAPES (Coordenac¸a˜o de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pes soal de Nı´vel Superior) for the financial support and for the fellowship of the first author
(88887.368385/2019-00). This study was also supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and
Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UIDB/04469/2020 unit and BioTecNorte
operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund
under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norteinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Malnutrition care in hospitalized pediatric inpatients: Comparison of perceptions and experiences across two pediatric academic health sciences centres.
No full textMalnutrition affects up to 1 in 3 Canadian children admitted to hospital. Awareness among pediatric healthcare providers (HCP) of the prevalence and impacts of hospitalized malnutrition is critical for optimal management. The purpose of this study was to determine perceptions of malnutrition among pediatric HCP across two major academic health sciences centres, and to determine how the use of a standardized pediatric nutritional screening tool at one institution affects responses. Between 2020-2022, 192 HCP representing nursing, dietetics, medicine and other allied health were surveyed across McMaster Children’s Hospital (MCH) and The Hospital for Sick Children (SK). 38% of respondents from both centres perceived rates of malnutrition between approximately 1 in 3 patients. Perceptions of the need for nutritional screening, assessment, and management were similar between centres. All respondents identified the need for better communication of hospitalized malnutrition status to community providers at discharge, and resource limitations affecting nutritional management of pediatric inpatients. This study represents the largest and most diverse survey of inpatient pediatric HCP to date. We demonstrate high rates of baseline knowledge of hospital malnutrition, ongoing resource challenges, and the need for a systematic approach to pediatric nutritional management.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Whole genome sequencing for the genetic diagnosis of heterogenous dystonia phenotypes
Get PDFIntroduction: Dystonia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder and a genetic cause is often difficult to elucidate. This is the first study to use whole genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate dystonia in a large sample of affected individuals. Methods: WGS was performed on 111 probands with heterogenous dystonia phenotypes. We performed analysis for coding and non-coding variants, copy number variants (CNVs), and structural variants (SVs). We assessed for an association between dystonia and 10 known dystonia risk variants. Results: A genetic diagnosis was obtained for 11.7% (13/111) of individuals. We found that a genetic diagnosis was more likely in those with an earlier age at onset, younger age at testing, and a combined dystonia phenotype. We identified pathogenic/likely-pathogenic variants in ADCY5 (n = 1), ATM (n = 1), GNAL (n = 2), GLB1 (n = 1), KMT2B (n = 2), PRKN (n = 2), PRRT2 (n = 1), SGCE (n = 2), and THAP1 (n = 1). CNVs were detected in 3 individuals. We found an association between the known risk variant ARSG rs11655081 and dystonia (p = 0.003). Conclusion: A genetic diagnosis was found in 11.7% of individuals with dystonia. The diagnostic yield was higher in those with an earlier age of onset, younger age at testing, and a combined dystonia phenotype. WGS may be particularly relevant for dystonia given that it allows for the detection of CNVs, which accounted for 23% of the genetically diagnosed cases. © 2019 The Author
Abstracts of AICTE Sponsored International Conference on Post-COVID Symptoms and Complications in Health
Get PDFThis book presents the selected abstracts of the International Conference on Post-COVID Symptoms and Complications in Health, hosted from the 28th to 29th of April 2022 in virtual mode by the LR Institute of Pharmacy, Solan (H.P.)-173223 in Collaboration with AICTE, New Delhi. This conference focuses on the implications of long-term symptoms on public health, ways to mitigate these complications, improve understanding of the disease process in COVID-19 patients, use of computational methods and artificial intelligence in predicting complications, and the role of various drug delivery systems in combating the complications.
Conference Title: International Conference on Post-COVID Symptoms and Complications in HealthConference Sponsor: AICTE, New Delhi.Conference Date: 28-29 April 2022Conference Location: OnlineConference Organizer: LR Institute of Pharmacy, Solan (H.P.)-173223
