291,143 research outputs found
The Architect of Taiwan's Economic Miracle: Evolutionary Economics of Li Kuo-Ting
No full textTaiwan has been referred to by the World Bank as one of the East Asia's “economic miracles”. Many quantitative models on Taiwan's economic growth have been conducted by neo-classical mainstream economists. However, none of them investigates in detail the thinking of those policy-makers who work behind the economic success of Taiwan. Li Kuo-Ting is generally regarded as the architect of Taiwan's economic “miracle”. In this paper, an evolutionary perspective has been used to understand the economic management of Li Kuo-Ting in particular and the learning government in Taiwan in general. It will be argued that a policy change is a matter of learning, experimenting, and a process of trial and error, involving subjective aspects such as the policy-makers' perception, vision and experiences, and objective factors such as environmental, geographical or international constraints. Furthermore, Taiwan has been able to succeed because its policy-makers are willing to learn and unlearn. Though the right policy has not always been adopted, Taiwan's policy-makers are willing to experiment with a new policy in a pragmatic way. Policies that did not work were either modified or abandoned. Policies that did work were adopted. This paper concludes that Taiwan's economic “miracle” has been the result of a long-term evolutionary process of entrepreneurial vision by the government, careful policy experimentation and market selection.Li Kuo-Ting, Taiwan, evolutionary economics, economic development, government policy,
The political role of the people's liberation army 1949-1973
Full text linkThis thesis is to study the political role of the People's Liberation Army from the approach of structure and function. The framework of the thesis consists of three major parts, first, the influence of Chinese traditional political culture on, and the formation of, the political role of the PL A; second, the influence of domestic political struggles and external military conflicts on the development of the political role of the PLA; and the third, the analysis of the transition of the PLA's political role from the structure and personnel arrangements of the CCPCC Within the above-mentioned three scopes, this thesis make a thorough discussion on the following: (1) The relationship between the structure of the PRC and the formation of the PLA's political role; (2) How has ideology influenced the army's political role; (3) What is Mao's viewpoint and his influence on the development of the army's political role; (4) What is the link between the army and the party, and how has this developed; (6) What accounts for the expansion of the PLA's political functions; (7) What is the influence of political factional struggles on the PLA's political role; (8) Is it political institution or military institution that controls the recruitment of the military elite; (9) What are the disparities between the military elite in handling international conflicts and what are their political considerations; (10) What is the Party's position in the army; (11) How have the Party’s important meetings and personnel arrangements influenced the rise and fall of the PLA's political role
Cheng-Yuan Liou, Jau-Chi Huang, and Yen-Ting Kuo (2005), Geometrical Perspective on Learning Behavior
No full textThe Image of Ch'ao Yun in San-kuo Yen-i
Full text linkIn San-kuo Yen-i, Ch'ao Yün plays an active role as a general in the Kingdom of Shu 蜀. In the story, he is portrayed as "bold and careful". How does the author build up such an image for this protagonist? What kind of role has he assigned to Ch'ao Yün? These are two points that I shall examine in this paper. Juxtaposing San-kuo Yen-i and San-kuo-chih 三國志, we may easily notice that Ch'ao Yün plays a much more active role in the former story. However, there are scenes where the two books resemble each other closely. An example of which is the scene where Ch'ao Yün remonstrates with Liu Pei. Another point that should not be neglected is that the role of Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i has become much more important than in the two sources upon which it is based, namely San-kuo-chih P'ing-hua 三國志平話 and the Yüan Tsa-chü 元雜劇. While retaining his intellectual image as portrayed in San-kuo-chih, the author exaggerates his valiant quality in San-kuo Yen-i. Thus Ch'ao Yün becomes both an intellectual as well as a militarist in San-kuo Yen-i. This also explains why he enjoys the status of being the third most competent general in the Kingdom of Shu, second only to Kuan Yü 關羽 and Chang Fei 張飛, although in history he has been ranked, at the most, as the fifth general. One of the reasons behind such a treatment of Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i is that the author probably wishes to make him the counterpart of Chang Fei. Such a device is not unusual in Chinese novels. The contrast between Chang Fei and Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i is obvious. While Chang is portrayed as a brave but emotionally unstable warrior, Ch'ao remains a calm and discerning person who almost never errs. Another reason perhaps is that the author has intended Ch'ao to be a character who can be summoned conveniently both as a warrior in the battle-scenes and as a thinker in the field of strategy. Finally, perhaps we may also look at Ch'ao Yün as a character to fill the gap when such leading figures as Liu Pei, Kuan Yü and Chang Fei have all passed away
On-column concentration and separation of double-stranded DNA by gradient capillary Electrophoresis
No full textResearch on The Mind-Nature Theory of Kuo Hsiang
No full text心性論一直是中國哲學史非常重要的論題，在本論文之前的研究當中，學者側重宋明理學家的心性論之研究，而且儒家的心性論之研究比較多，佛學（尤其是天台宗）的心性論也不少，道家的心性論研究則比較少。事實上，郭象作為新道家的代表人物之一，其心性論有其特殊及可觀之處，郭象處在哲學史上的關鍵位置，上承先秦、兩漢，下接南北朝、隋唐、宋明，郭象的心性論之研究就其哲學思想的背景而言，勢必追溯至先秦，而在先秦諸子裡面，影響郭象最深的是儒家和道家，尤其是孔子、孟子、老子、莊子四者為最。
郭象的心性論中的「性」是具有個殊性的，換言之，每個人的性都不同，而「心」的作用在哪裡呢？郭象認為人心應該各安其性，不應追求超過本性潛能的事物。作為精神主體的心，郭象認為應該要能做到「應物無對，與物冥合」的最高境界，能達此境界的就是聖人、神人、至人。郭象的哲學思想融合儒、道兩家，認為人為並不違反自然，身形入世並不違反內心出世，所以可以身居廟堂之上，而心無異於山林之中。
郭象的重要方法是「無心」，透過無心的工夫來應對萬物、順應萬物，才能夠解消主體與客體之間的對立，使主客融為一體，達到應物無對、與物冥合的境界。而統治者也應該要「無心」，才能使天下大治，人民才能自然地生活、發展。
在學習理論上，郭象注重學習的重要性，而人必須依據天賦的潛能去學習，否則就會徒勞無央A簡言之，郭象強調適性學習的重要。至於至高無上的「道」則是不可學的，只能自然而然地領悟之。
在治理國家方面，郭象主張對百姓要寬厚，才能使百姓自在而使天下大治。在用人方面，則是採取百官分工，各司其職，君主則依據各人的才能適才適任，讓整個國家能完善地運作。Abstract
Mind-nature theory has been an important theme in the history of Chinese philosophy. Before this dissertation, studies about mind-nature theory had mainly placed on Sung-Ming Neo-Confucianism, Confucianism, Buddhism (especially on Tien-Tai's), more than discussion about Mind-nature theory of Taoism. In fact, Kuo Hsiang, one of representative figures in Taoism, his Mind-nature theory is also pretty special and significant. Kuo Hsiang places on a key place in the history of Chinese philosophy－－between the Pre-Ch'in period, Han dynasty, and South-north dynasties , Sui-T'ang dynasties, Sung-Ming－－therefore, if we want to inquire the background of his philosophical thinking, we have to retroactively seek for Confucianism and Taoism, especially Confucianism, Mencius, Lao Tsu, Chuang Tzu, who had affected Kuo Hsiang deeply.
“Nature” of Kuo Hsiang’s Mind-nature theory is individual, that is to say, Nature is different for each other. On the other hand, how about the function of “mind”? For Kuo Hsiang, everyone has to satisfy of his own nature, and he should not pursue for something beyond potentiality of his own nature. Mind, as a spiritual subject, should attend to the highest cumstance－－corresponding of things, without opposing relationship－－therefore becomes divine and perfect. Kuo Hsiang’s philosophy joints Confucianism and Taoism, he considers that man do not oppose to nature, and acting in the world do not contract to the mind out of the world. Therefore, we can participate in the governmental affaires,simultaneously our mind is no more different from habiting in the nature.
In Kuo Hsiang’s thought, the most important method is “No-mind”. Through efforts upon “No-mind”, we can conceal the opposite between subject and object, joint them together, and attend correspondence. Political rulers should also adopt “No Mind” for people’s nature life.
About theory of learning, Kuo Hsiang concerns the importance of learning. Man should obey his own nature for learning, otherwise he will fail. However, “Tao”, the highest idea, is not learnable. We can only understand it naturally.
About government of state, Kuo Hsiang claims that the rulers should be generous for his people, making the people feel easy and stable. Besides, rulers must make everyone doing in his own given abilities to improve the whole country working better.
Keywords: Kuo Hsiang; Mind-nature theory; Taoism in Wei and Jin Dynasties; Neo-Taoism; Chuang Tzu Zhu.第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與目的……………………………………………1
第二節 研究對象與範圍……………………………………………2
第三節 研究方法……………………………………………………3
第四節 先前學者的研究成果………………………………………4
第五節 論文結構……………………………………………………8
第二章 先秦儒家與先秦道家對心、性的討論……………………11
第一節 儒家…………………………………………………………11
第二節 道家…………………………………………………………17
第三節 小結…………………………………………………………26
第三章 郭象對心的討論……………………………………………29
第一節 心與形……………………………………………………29
第二節 成心與無心………………………………………………34
第三節 從自生論心………………………………………………43
第四節 從生死論心………………………………………………49
第四章 郭象對性的討論……………………………………………53
第一節 性與性分……………………………………………………53
第二節 性與自然……………………………………………………57
第三節 性與逍遙……………………………………………………64
第四節 性與無為……………………………………………………67
第五節 性與仁義……………………………………………………70
第五章 郭象心性論之開展…………………………………………75
第一節 郭象對「心與性」關係的討論……………………………75
第二節 工夫修養上的應用…………………………………………77
一、 學習論………………………………………………………77
二、 聖人論………………………………………………………79
第三節 政治哲學上的應用…………………………………………81
第六章 結論………………………………………………………… 85
參考文獻……………………………………………………………… 9
On-column concentration techniques in gradient capillary electrophoresis and application of silica nanoparticles to separation of amines
No full text本論文分為兩部份：第一部份為在有電滲透流（electroosomotic flow，EOF）的存在下，利用聚環氧乙烯（poly(ethylene oxide)，PEO）為篩分介質進行毛細管電泳分離雙股DNA的實驗。第二部份為在低pH值的條件下，探討二氧化矽奈米粒子對生物胺分離的影響。第一部份的實驗成它a利用1.0% 8MDa 的PEO聚合物溶液在12分鐘內，將範圍從51 bp-23 kbp的DNA片段完全分離。在此條件下，不但大片段的DNA被完全分離開，甚至達到單一鹼基的解析度（123/124 bp）。和傳統的條件相比（在沒有電滲透流存在下），此技術提供較快速和較好解析度的分離優點。為了達到線上濃縮與分離DNA的結果，本研究發展了在有電滲透流存在下進行PEO聚合物溶液濃度和ethidium bromide（EtBr）濃度的梯度變化來分離雙股DNA。在電滲透流存在下，大片段的DNA較快遷移至負極端，因此在樣品進樣後，將PEO聚合物溶液和/或EtBr濃度由稀至濃引入毛細管中。利用此方法，我們成它a將在30公分高處以壓力進樣120秒之樣品完全分離開，並得到數十倍的濃縮效率。這樣的結果證明了利用梯度電泳來分離DNA的潛力，可以應用在基因分析-如限制片段長度多型性（restriction fragment length polymorphism，RFLP）、單股構型多型性（single-strand conformation polymorphism，SSCP）等。另外在第二部份的實驗中，嘗試在低pH值的環境下，加入二氧化矽奈米粒子，探討二氧化矽奈米粒子對胺類分子分離的影響，並將之應用到真實樣品中。結果發現加入二氧化矽奈米粒子可以縮短分析物的分離時間，如Tryptophan的分離時間縮短了將近8分鐘左右，甚至可以偵測到本來偵測不到的萘乙酸（1-NAA）。二氧化矽奈米粒子雖會消弱分析物的螢光，但其存在可以減少吸附，使訊號波寬變窄而造成某些分子的螢光訊號強度是增加的。這樣的結果對快速檢測真實樣品（如尿液）有極大的正面意義，可以在較短的時間內檢測到更多尿液的成份。論文摘要.....................................................................................................I
目錄……………………………………………………………………...III
表目錄………………………………………………………………….VII
圖目錄………………………………………………………………....VIII
第一章 毛細管電泳及奈米粒子之概述 1
1.1 毛細管電泳發展史 1
1.2 毛細管電泳分離之原理 4
1.2.1 電滲透流 4
1.2.2 毛細管凝膠電泳法 6
1.2.3 聚合物溶液 7
1.3 DNA的分離 9
1.3.1 DNA在自由溶液中的電泳遷移 9
1.3.2 傳統凝膠電泳中DNA之遷移模型 11
1.3.2.1 Ogston 模型 12
1.3.2.2 Reptation模型 13
1.3.3毛細管凝膠電泳中DNA之分離機制 13
1.4 蛋白質的分離 14
1.5 偵測系統 16
1.5.1 雷射誘導螢光偵測 16
1.5.2 DNA的偵測 17
1.5.3 蛋白質的偵測 18
1.6 樣品濃縮技術 19
1.6.1 場放大樣品堆積法 19
1.6.2 pH介面濃縮法 20
1.6.3 毛細管等速電泳法 20
1.6.4 掃掠樣品堆積法 21
1.6.5 聚合物溶液對樣品的濃縮與分離 23
1.7 奈米簡介 24
1.7.1 二氧化矽奈米粒子 26
1.7.2 二氧化矽奈米粒子的應用 27
1.7.3 奈米粒子在分離上的應用 28
1.8 研究動機 30
1.9參考文獻 32
1.10 本章圖表 40
第二章 利用毛細管梯度電泳線上濃縮與分離雙股DNA 51
2.1 前言 51
2.2 實驗 53
2.2.1 實驗儀器 53
2.2.2 實驗試藥 53
2.2.3 毛細管前處理 54
2.2.4 聚合物的製備 55
2.2.5 電泳分離實驗流程 55
2.3 結果與討論 56
2.3.1 利用PEO聚合物溶液分離雙股DNA 56
2.3.2 利用HEC聚合物溶液分離雙股DNA 58
2.3.3 利用毛細管梯度電泳技術線上濃縮與分離雙股DNA 59
2.4 結論 63
2.5 參考文獻 65
2.6 本章圖表 68
第三章 探討二氧化矽奈米粒子對胺類分子分離的影響 75
3.1 前言 75
3.2 實驗 77
3.2.1 實驗儀器 77
3.2.2 實驗試藥 78
3.2.3 毛細管前處理 79
3.2.4 二氧化矽奈米粒子的合成 79
3.2.5 真實樣品的分析 80
3.3 結果與討論 80
3.3.1 探討二氧化矽奈米粒子對胺類分子分離的影響 80
3.3.1.1 毛細管壁有無塗覆聚合物的影響 80
3.3.1.2 pH 值的影響 81
3.3.1.3 鹽類濃度的影響 83
3.3.1.4 不同濃度的二氧化矽奈米粒子對胺類分子遷移的影響 84
3.3.2 真實樣品的分析 86
3.3.2.1 尿液的分析 86
3.3.2.1 尿液中成份的定量 88
3.4 結論 88
3.5 參考文獻 90
3.6 本章圖表 92
第四章 總結 10
The Influence of Smartphone Use on Undergraduate Students’ Self-Directed Learning
No full textAbstract
Date Presented 4/1/2017
This study explores smartphone use in undergraduate students’ self-directed learning. The factors were identified, providing an understanding of how undergraduate students could be more motivated and effective in their short-term, self-directed learning under the influence of smartphone use.
Primary Author and Speaker: Ya-chun Chang
Additional Authors and Speakers: Kuan-Chen Chen, Wen Ting Chen, Ya-syuan Cai
Contributing Authors: Chang-Chih Robin Kuo</jats:p
Rethinking Import-substituting Industrialization: Development Strategies and Institutions in Taiwan and China
Full text linkimport-substituting industrialization, export-oriented industrialization, development strategies, institutions
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