293,610 research outputs found
The Image of Ch'ao Yun in San-kuo Yen-i
Get PDFIn San-kuo Yen-i, Ch'ao Yün plays an active role as a general in the Kingdom of Shu 蜀. In the story, he is portrayed as "bold and careful". How does the author build up such an image for this protagonist? What kind of role has he assigned to Ch'ao Yün? These are two points that I shall examine in this paper. Juxtaposing San-kuo Yen-i and San-kuo-chih 三國志, we may easily notice that Ch'ao Yün plays a much more active role in the former story. However, there are scenes where the two books resemble each other closely. An example of which is the scene where Ch'ao Yün remonstrates with Liu Pei. Another point that should not be neglected is that the role of Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i has become much more important than in the two sources upon which it is based, namely San-kuo-chih P'ing-hua 三國志平話 and the Yüan Tsa-chü 元雜劇. While retaining his intellectual image as portrayed in San-kuo-chih, the author exaggerates his valiant quality in San-kuo Yen-i. Thus Ch'ao Yün becomes both an intellectual as well as a militarist in San-kuo Yen-i. This also explains why he enjoys the status of being the third most competent general in the Kingdom of Shu, second only to Kuan Yü 關羽 and Chang Fei 張飛, although in history he has been ranked, at the most, as the fifth general. One of the reasons behind such a treatment of Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i is that the author probably wishes to make him the counterpart of Chang Fei. Such a device is not unusual in Chinese novels. The contrast between Chang Fei and Ch'ao Yün in San-kuo Yen-i is obvious. While Chang is portrayed as a brave but emotionally unstable warrior, Ch'ao remains a calm and discerning person who almost never errs. Another reason perhaps is that the author has intended Ch'ao to be a character who can be summoned conveniently both as a warrior in the battle-scenes and as a thinker in the field of strategy. Finally, perhaps we may also look at Ch'ao Yün as a character to fill the gap when such leading figures as Liu Pei, Kuan Yü and Chang Fei have all passed away
The Paintings of Hung-Jen. (Volume I: Text. Volume II: Plates).
No full textThe objective of this dissertation is to study the paintings of Hung-jen (1610-1663), a leading figure of the Anhui school which is one of the most important regional schools in the history of seventeenth-century Chinese painting. Hung-jen has also been known as one of the "Four Great Painter-monks" of the late Ming (1368-1644) and the early Ch'ing (1644-1911) Dynasties. The unique style of Hung-jen's work and the importance of the Anhui school which he inspired have been recognized by scholars both in China and the West. This dissertation is an attempt to contribute to a better underst and ing of Hung-jen's art. Chapter I of the dissertation consists of a biographical sketch of Hung-jen and a description of the geographical and cultural setting of Hsin-an (also called She-hsien or Hui-chou) where Hung-jen was born and lived most of his life. From the scanty sources available, Hung-jen's life is reconstructed. The scenery of Mt. Wu-i in Fukien and Mt. Huang near She-hsien is described because Hung-jen's art is intimately affected by his experience of that scenery. We then consider how the accumulation of wealth by merchants from Hsin-an gave rise to the cultural and the artistic milieu in which Hung-jen's art flourished. Chapter II is devoted to Hung-jen's stylistic sources. The most of Ni Tsan (1301-1374), on the basis of which Hung-jen was to develop his own style, is defined first through a brief analysis of Ni Tsan's work, and then by an examination of some of Ni Tsan's emulators such as Wang Fu (1362-1416), Liu Chueh (1410-1472), Shen Chou (1472-1509), Wen Cheng-ming (1470-1559), and Lu Chih (1496-1576). The immediate stylistic context of Hung-jen's work is clarified through an analysis of his older contemporaries from Anhui. An examination of Hung-jen's style reveals that it was derived much more from the Wen Cheng-ming school than from Tung Ch'i-ch'ang, as has previously been maintained. A survey of Hung-jen's paintings is given in Chapter III. Dated paintings are arranged chronologically and undated ones are placed in relation to dated ones on stylistic grounds. It is difficult to divide Hung-jen's artistic career into well-defined stylistic periods, mainly because all of his reliable dated paintings, except one dated 1639, are from a relatively short time-span. During that time span, that is, from 1651 to 1663, there is very little stylistic change. Through formal analysis, the unique style of Hung-jen becomes clear. It is characterized by a strong interest in the interplay of two-dimensional and three-dimensional forms. These forms, often linear and sparse, are tightly structured to create a lucid composition. Within a self-imposed narrow range of brushstrokes and compositional types, Hung-jen achieved a compelling formal and spatial clarity. Many paintings are discussed here for the first time. Chapter IV is mainly concerned with Hung-jen's influence. By comparing paintings by the older master and those of his followers such as Chu Ch'ang (active ca. 1650-1670), Cha Shih-piao (1615-1698), Chiang Chu (active ca. 1650-1680), and Yao Sung (1648-after 1717), Hung-jen's artistic economy and concentration become apparent. Striving to emulate Hung-jen's articulation and clarity of form, the works of his followers show close stylistic affinity to those of the older master. A discussion of Hung-jen's critical reputation concludes this chapter.PhDFine artsUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/158126/1/8106171.pd
sj-pdf-1-lup-10.1177_09612033221100908 – Supplemental Material for Comorbidities of systemic lupus erythematosus prior to and following diagnosis in different age-at-onset groups
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-lup-10.1177_09612033221100908 for Comorbidities of systemic lupus erythematosus prior to and following diagnosis in different age-at-onset groups by Cheng-Ya Yu, Chang-Fu Kuo, I-Jun Chou, Jung-Sheng Chen, Hung-Yi Lu, Chao-Yi Wu, Li-Chen Chen, Jing-Long Huang and Kuo-Wei Yeh in Lupus</p
Location Choice of Multinational Enterprises in China: Comparison between Japan and Taiwan
Get PDFThis paper explores the location choice of MNEs in China, shedding special light on the role of agglomeration of same-nationality firms. In particular, we examine how its role differs according to investors’ productivity. Furthermore, we compare the location choice of Japanese and Taiwanese MNEs in China, because Taiwanese MNEs are expected to experience less uncertainty in investing in China than Japanese MNEs, due to Taiwan’s linguistic and cultural advantages in China. We find that, less productive Japanese firms prefer to locate close to larger same-nationality agglomerations, there are no differences in location according to firms’ productivity in the case of Taiwanese firms.
Bizonoplast a unique chloroplast in the epidermal cells of microphylls in the shade plant Selaginella Erythropus (Selaginellaceae)
No full textCopyright © 2007 Botanical Society of America, Inc.Chiou-Rong Sheue, Vassilios Sarafis, Ruth Kiew, Ho-Yih Liu, Alexandre Salino, Ling-Long Kuo-Huang, Yuen-Po Yang, Chi-Chu Tsai, Chun-Hung Lin, Jean W. H. Yong and Maurice S. B. K
Cloud Computing Adoption Framework – a security framework for business clouds
Get PDFThis paper presents a Cloud Computing Adoption Framework (CCAF) security suitable for business clouds. CCAF multi-layered security is based on the development and integration of three major security technologies: firewall, identity management and encryption based on the development of Enterprise File Sync and Share technologies. This paper presents our motivation, related work and our views on security framework. Core technologies have been explained in details and experiments were designed to demonstrate the robustness of the CCAF multi-layered security. In penetration testing, CCAF multi-layered security could detect and block 99.95% viruses and trojans and could maintain 85% and above of blocking for 100 hours of continuous attacks. Detection and blocking took less than 0.012 second per trojan and viruses. A full CCAF multi-layered security protection could block all SQL injection providing real protection to data. CCAF multi-layered security had 100% rate of not reporting false alarm. All F-measures for CCAF test results were 99.75% and above. How CCAF multi-layered security can blend with policy, real services and blend with business activities have been illustrated. Research contributions have been justified and CCAF multi-layered security can offer added value for volume, velocity and veracity for Big Data services operated in the Cloud
sj-docx-1-cat-10.1177_10760296231203663 - Supplemental material for Differential Diagnostic Value of Machine Learning–Based Models for Embolic Stroke
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cat-10.1177_10760296231203663 for Differential Diagnostic Value of Machine Learning–Based Models for Embolic Stroke by HsunYu Kuo, Tsai-Wei Liu, Yo-Ping Huang, Shy-Chyi Chin, Long-Sun Ro and Hung-Chou Kuo in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
sj-docx-1-rcb-10.1177_00343552231199246 – Supplemental material for Measuring Implicit Biases About Disability: A Scoping Review
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-rcb-10.1177_00343552231199246 for Measuring Implicit Biases About Disability: A Scoping Review by Yunzhen Huang, Jaeyoung Kim, Allison Levine, Jinhee Park and Hung Jen Kuo in Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin</p
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