56,999 research outputs found
Gautieria mianjin Kun L. Yang, Xiao Liu & Zhu L. Yang 2023, sp. nov.
No full textGautieria mianjin Kun L. Yang, Xiao Liu & Zhu L. Yang, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 and 2) Mycobank No.: MB847194 Etymology: —The epithet refers to a kind of traditional Chinese food, named “mianjin”. Mianjin is made from gluten, irregularly subglobose and honeycomb-like in shape, and has a thin film on surface present when raw, easily broken when cooked, sharing a strong resemblance to the basidioma of this fungus. Diagnosis: — Gautieria mianjin is similar and close to G. xinjianensis, but differs from the latter by its subglobose to broadly ellipsoid basidiospores mainly measured 11–14×10–12 μm with 10–14 longitudinal ribs. Type: — China, Gansu Province, Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Lintan County, Yeliguan Town, 34°55′ N, 103°39′ E, on soil in temperate forests dominated by plants of Larix and Picea, altitude 2600 m, October 11, 2022, Xiao Liu 001 (HKAS126926, holotype!; Kun-Long Yang’s private herbarium HTBM0250, isotype!). Basidioma with pleasant aroma, emergent, irregularly subglobose, 2.5–5 cm in diameter. Peridium practically absent. Gleba brain-like to honeycomb-like; tramal plates 400–500 μm thick, milky white (C 4 M 3 Y 2 K 0), slightly gelatinous, covered with sandy yellow (C 0 M 10 Y 50 K 10), earthy yellow (C 10 M 40 Y 70 K 10) to mummy brown (C 0 M 50 Y 70 K 40) spore mass; columella indistinct, very slender and sometimes the same thick as the tramal plates, emanating from the base and frequently branching; locules irregularly shaped, labyrinthine. Basal rhizomorph whitish (C 0 M 1 Y 5 K 0). Basidiospores subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, light brown (C 30 M 40 Y 60 K 0) in KOH, with 10–14 longitudinal ribs, sometimes branching or with cross veins in between, (10) 11–14 (16) [12.24 ± 1.20] × (9.5) 10–12 (13) [10.96 ± 0.77] μm, Q = (1.00) 1.04–1.24 (1.26) and Q m = 1.12 ± 0.07 including ribs, (9) 10–12 (15) [11.53 ± 1.36] × (8) 9–10 (11) [9.33 ± 0.69] μm, Q = (1.05) 1.15–1.33 (1.43) and Q m = 1.23 ± 0.10 excluding ribs; apiculus 1–2 (2.5) [1.88 ± 0.42] × 1.5–2 [1.92 ± 0.24] μm. Basidia not observed. Cystidia not observed. Tramal hyphae composed of 2–8 μm wide interwoven filamentous hyphae, frequently branching, not or slightly gelatinized. Clamps absent in all parts of basidioma. Habitat: —Growing in small groups on soil in temperate forests dominated by trees of Larix and Picea. Currently known from northwestern China (Gansu Province, and probably also Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region according to the ITS sequence of “Uncultured fungus” (Fig. 1) in Du et al. 2019).Published as part of Yang, Kun L., Yang, Zhu L., Zhang, Ming, Wang, Geng-Shen & Liu, Xiao, 2023, Gautieria mianjin (Gomphales, Basidiomycota), a new species of false truffle from China, pp. 119-129 in Phytotaxa 594 (2) on page 123, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.594.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/789236
A fair resource allocation algorithm for cooperative multicast aided content distribution
No full textActivating direct communications among mobile users (MUs) for sharing a content of common interest (CoCI) becomes an essential paradigm for realising the efficient content distribution in densely populated scenarios. Relying on the cooperative multicast among the MUs, a centralised fair resource allocation algorithm is proposed in this paper for improving the attainable content distribution delay. Apart from the physical wireless transmission, social aspects of MUs are also taken into account, where a MU only multicasts the CoCI to its social contacts. The content distribution process is further modelled by a discrete-time pure-birth-based Markov Chain (DT-PBMC). Relying on the DT-PBMC, we minimise the state-retention probability during each transmission frame in order to reduce the content distribution delay to its smallest possible. The classic branch-andbound algorithm is invoked for obtaining the optimal resource allocation scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms its existing counterparts, while our novel resource allocation scheme may simultaneously achieve better fairness and reduced content distribution delay.</p
Special Issue on: Interdisciplinary and cross-layer design of mobile social networks and wireless networks
No full textSocial networks have attracted billions of active users under major online social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, DouBan, etc. These social networks not only serve as information stores to provide invaluable social information on users' relationships and hobbies but also serve as a strong enabler for e-health and mobile social caring services to improve people's quality of life and to promote social inclusion.
Equipped with the advancement and ubiquity of wireless networks and the increasingly high capability of smart mobile handsets, this critical mass of social network users is naturally going mobile thus rendering a new research field of mobile social networks (MSNs). In comparison with the fixed social networks, such mobile social networks enable constant and instantaneous connections with social contacts. The marriage of current wired-network-based social networks with mobile wireless networks triggers exciting new research areas. For instance, measuring the network features such as throughput and delay can help mobile social networks select a contact (e.g. a job advice centre) to which the network route has the best performance. This leads to the so-called wireless-aware social networks and the problem domain is within social networks. On the other hand, there is also social-aware or social inspired wireless network research where the knowledge of social network users is exploited for the benefit of wireless network design. Therefore, a cross-layer design that incorporates both the upper-layer mobile social networks and the lower-layer wireless networks is needed. And this comprises the thematic essence of this Special Issue
The effect of water content on engine oil monitoring based on physical and chemical indicators
No full textEngine oil oxidation is one of the major reasons for oil aging which can result in variations in the physical and chemical properties of oil. Organic acids generated by oil oxidation can react with water to form inorganic acids and acidic substances (including organic and inorganic acids) that corrode engine parts, resulting in the generation of rust or damage to engine parts. This is one of the important reasons why oil should be regularly changed. One of the most commonly applied methods for judging the aging degree of engine oil is monitoring its acid number (AN). However, generally, the effect of oil water content on acid value measurement is not considered. When oils are used in engines, they are often contaminated by water due to condensation, which accelerates engine oil aging. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the water content effect on AN in the process of engine oil aging. In this research, a water content sensor was applied to characterize moisture content in oxidized oil samples. The sensor could also obtain oil sample electrical conductivity which corresponded to its dielectric constant. Using a mid-infrared spectrometer to measure oil sample AN at this point to obtain the variation in AN with oxidation time, oil sample AN was connected in series with the water content, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity. These parameters were monitored through sensors, and the effect of water content on AN was studied. Experimental results revealed that with the increase in oxidation time, the water content, electrical conductivity, dielectric constant increase and AN of oil were increased. At the same time, since the temperature had a greater effect on electrical conductivity, the application of an air-conditioned constant-temperature environment removed the effect of temperature change on electrical conductivity
An investigation of factors influencing the response of screen printed thick film electrochemical sensors in the monitoring of lubrication oil ageing
No full textBased on condition based maintenance (CBM), oil can be replaced according to its measured status or in-situ with online monitoring systems. The acidity of oil, e.g. the total acid number (TAN), is an important parameter to evaluate lubricant ageing. Previous studies have shown the feasibility of thick film (TF) sensors based on ion selective electrodes (ISE) for the detection of engine oil acidity changes due to oxidation. Further study has shown the TF sensors generally have very long response times due to the extremely low conductivity of oils. This work focuses on the effect on the sensor response time and accuracy caused by introducing metal particles in oil, and the influence of water content in the oil. Two types of TF working electrodes (WE) have been tested and TAN was measured for each oil sample. The results show glass-based TF sensors can work under high temperature up to 120 °C and the metal particles in the oil can help to reduce the sensor response time significantly. It was also found that the presence of water in the oil has a minor influence on the voltage output of the TF sensor but can be helpful in the ionization and detection mechanism of H+
Development of object-oriented knowledge base structure for expert systems
No full textIn this paper, we proposed Object-Oriented Knowledge Store (OOKS), a knowledge base model on the basis of a frame structure using an object-oriented database. The proposed knowledge base model has the following advantages. Rules for inferencing and facts about objects can be managed in one uniform structure and the performance of reasoning can be improved as well due to the optimized knowledge structure stored in OOKS and functionalities provided by OODBMS. For representing and manipulating knowledge for OOKS, the knowledge script syntax and the overall knowledge processing structure were devised. For the applicability of the proposed model, the prototype system was developed using a commercial OODBMS and C++ programming language
Design of a Trusted Auction System Using Relationship-based Internet Community
No full textThe explosive growth of the internet-based transactions requires not only a secure payment system but also an appropriate trust measuring methodology and secure transaction protocols to guarantee the minimal risk for the transacting entities involved in specific transactions. Especially, in internet auction systems where either buyers or sellers or both can be more than one in one transaction, providing those systems that make sure no one transacting entity takes a major risk becomes critical. In this paper, an improved trust measuring system using a relationship-based internet community for an auction system is proposed. The proposed system incorporates fuzzy set and calculation concepts to help build trust matrices and models, which is used to measure the level of risk involved in a specific auction trade concerned. Also, this paper devises a set of trade protocols for auction systems to recommend a proper trade protocol according to the risk level involved. To test the appropriateness of the proposed trusted auction system, a prototype system has been developed under a Windows-NT environment
Socially aware integrated centralized infrastructure and opportunistic networking: a powerful content dissemination catalyst
No full textThe classic centralized infrastructure (CI) exhibits low efficiency in disseminating the content of common interest across its requesters. In order to overcome the limitations of CI-based content dissemination, smart mobile devices are capable of activating direct opportunistic communications among mobile users, which returns in integrated cellular and opportunistic networks. During the content dissemination process, the social characteristics of multiple users, including their common interest in the content, their mobility patterns, their social ties, and their altruistic forwarding behaviors, should be carefully considered in order to design an efficient content dissemination scheme. We demonstrate that the integrated network-based content dissemination scheme outperforms its CI-based counterpart in terms of both content delivery ratio and its various energy and delay metrics. Furthermore, the opportunistic network is capable of offloading a large fraction of tele-traffic from the overloaded CI-based network
Model and Solver Integration For Interoperability Between Options and Their Evaluation Algorithms In Financial Decision Support Systems
No full textAs the financial option markets grow, financial decision support systems need an efficient framework that enables us to mix and match options and their various evaluation algorithms according to diverse pricing and evaluation purposes. Under such many-to-many relationships between options and algorithms, the systems often encounter inefficiency problems caused by duplicated developments of their interfaces when adding or modifying the options or the algorithms. To resolve such problems, this paper proposes a system framework for dynamic integration of options and algorithms based on the model management system perspective. Specifically, the detailed mapping relationships between the parameters of options and those of algorithms are managed with a separate mapping table, so the addition or the modification is easily incorporated only with altering the table without affecting the integration processes
Fuzzy-based Intelligent Expert Search for Knowledge Management Systems
No full textIn managing organizational tacit knowledge, recent researches have shown that it is more applicable in many ways to provide expert search mechanisms in KMS to pinpoint experts in the organizations with searched expertise. In this paper, we propose an intelligent expert search framework to provide search capabilities for experts in similar or related fields according to the users information needs. In enabling intelligent expert searches, Fuzzy Abstraction Hierarchy (FAH) framework has been adopted, through which finding experts with similar or related expertise is possible according to the subject field hierarchy defined in the system. To improve FAH, a text categorization approach called Vector Space Model is utilized. To test applicability and practicality of the proposed framework, the prototype system, Knowledge Portal for Researchers in Science and Technology sponsored by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) of Korea, was developed
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