1,580 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221150703 - Supplemental material for Investigations on erosion performance of carbon fiber–epoxy-based composite adhesion on 16Cr5Ni steel
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-pie-10.1177_09544089221150703 for Investigations on erosion performance
of carbon fiber–epoxy-based composite adhesion on 16Cr5Ni steel by Mithlesh Sharma, Deepak Kumar Goyal, Anuj Bansal, Anil Kumar Singla, Neel Kanth Grover, Munish Kumar Gupta and Navneet Khanna in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Evaluation of Surfactant-Enhanced Cleaning Solutions for Humic Acid and BSA Fouling on Ceramic Membranes
No full textChemically enhanced backwash (CEB) has achieved extensive application, offering substantial improvements in fouling mitigation and enhancing membrane performance and longevity. Two commercially available non-ionic surfactants, Tween 80 and Triton X100, were employed at their CMC and combined with conventional cleaning solutions to evaluate NOM fouling and cleaning at different concentrations, utilizing membrane permeability, resistance in series (RIS), carbon mass balance, and contact angle. The use of surfactants in CEB dropped the contact angle by 20%. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) with Tween 80 and Triton X-100 based CEB solutions were in the range of 83-100 kPa and 88-95 kPa with the medium concentrations (CEBMTw & CEBMTx) compared to DI which was 128 kPa for HA and BSA. Tween-based CEBs exhibited a 50% reduction in fouling resistance on HA and 90% on BSA when medium and high concentrations (CEBMTw and CEBHTw) were employed, in comparison to hydraulic (DI) backwash
COALITION OF AGRICULTURE IN AMBIANCE AMENDMENT
No full text<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p>
<p> </p>
<p>Climate change is a pressing global issue that is affecting various sectors, and agriculture is no exception. The impact of climate change on agriculture is wide-ranging and poses significant challenges to food security, livelihoods, and the overall sustainability of agricultural practices. In this essay, we will explore the various ways climate change affects agriculture and the measures that can be taken to mitigate its adverse effects. One of the most significant impacts of climate change on agriculture is the alteration of weather patterns. Extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes have become more frequent and intense. These events can damage crops, destroy infrastructure, and disrupt supply chains, leading to food shortages and price fluctuations. Moreover, unpredictable weather patterns make it difficult for farmers to plan their planting and harvesting schedules, affecting crop yields and productivity. Rising temperatures are another major consequence of climate change that affects agriculture. Higher temperatures can lead to the depletion of soil moisture, increased evaporation, and heat stress on plants and livestock. Many crops have specific temperature requirements for optimal growth, and exceeding these thresholds can lead to reduced yields and lower crop quality. </p>
Pixel-Based Long-Term (2001–2020) Estimations of Forest Fire Emissions over the Himalaya
No full textForest/wildfires have been one of the most notable severe catastrophes in recent decades across the globe, and their intensity is expected to rise with global warming. Forest fire contributes significantly to particulate and gaseous pollution in the atmosphere. This study has estimated the pixel-based emissions (CO, CO2, CH4, NOx, SO2, NH3, PM2.5, PM10, OC, and BC) from forest fires over the Himalaya (including India, Nepal, and Bhutan). The MODIS-based burned area (MCD64A1), Land Use Land Cover (LULC; MCD12A1), NDVI (MOD13A2), percentage tree cover (MOD44A6), gridded biomass, and species-wise emissions factors were used to estimate the monthly emissions from forest fires over the last two decades (2001–2020). A bottom-up approach was adopted to retrieve the emissions. A substantial inter-annual variation of forest burn area was found over the western, central (Nepal), and eastern Himalaya (including Bhutan). The eastern Himalaya exhibited the highest average annual CO2 emission, i.e., 20.37 Tg, followed by Nepal, 15.52 Tg, and the western Himalaya, 4.92 Tg. Spatially, the higher CO2 (0.01–0.02 Tg year−1/km2) and CO (0.007–0.002 Tg year−1/km2) emissions were detected along the south-eastern parts of the eastern Himalaya, southern regions of Nepal, and south-eastern parts of the western Himalaya. The trend of forest fire emissions in 2001–2010 was significantly positive, while in the next decade (2011–2020) a negative trend was recorded. The estimated pixel-based emission and Global Fire Emission Dataset (GFEDv4.1s) data demonstrated a promising association with a correlation coefficient (r) between 0.80 and 0.93. An inventory of forest fire emissions over long-term periods can be helpful for policymakers. In addition, it helps to set guidelines for air quality and atmospheric transport modelling and to better understand atmospheric pollution over the Himalayan and associated regions
The genus Mustilizans Yang, 1995 (Lepidoptera: Endromidae) in India with the description of a new species
No full textChandra, Kailash, Singh, Navneet, Kumar, Vikas, Ranjan, Rahul, Caleb, John T.D., Gayen, Subrata, Das, Moumita, Dey, Rushati (2019): The genus Mustilizans Yang, 1995 (Lepidoptera: Endromidae) in India with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 4624 (2): 183-190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4624.2.
sj-pdf-1-tih-10.1177_07482337211058668 – Supplemental Material for Intraperitoneal exposure of iron oxide nanoparticles causes dose-dependent toxicity in Wistar rats
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-tih-10.1177_07482337211058668 for Intraperitoneal exposure of iron oxide nanoparticles causes dose-dependent toxicity in Wistar rats by Gajraj S Verma, Naresh K Nirmal, Deepika Gunpal, Hemant Gupta, Monika Yadav, Navneet Kumar and Placheril J John in Toxicology and Industrial Health</p
Supplemental Material, Copy_of_master_chart - Role of Various DW MRI and DCE MRI Parameters as Predictors of Malignancy in Solid Pulmonary Lesions
No full textSupplemental Material, Copy_of_master_chart for Role of Various DW MRI and DCE MRI Parameters as Predictors of Malignancy in Solid Pulmonary Lesions by Neeraj Kumar, Mini Sharma, Neeti Aggarwal, Sanjiv Sharma, Malay Sarkar, Balraj Singh and Navneet Sharma in Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal</p
Monitoring land use/land cover change and high-altitude vegetation trends along with their climatic controls across the Central and Eastern Himalayas
No full textMonitoring the spatial pattern of vegetation growth trends is important in the Central and Eastern Himalayas as many ecosystems in the Himalayas are sensitive to climatic change. The human-induced land use/land cover (LULC) changes are the potential driving forces for changes in ecosystems. This study employed MODIS (MCD12Q1) product to quantify the spatial pattern of LULC from 2001 to 2019. The long-term vegetation datasets (NDVI3g) (1982-2015) were utilized to estimate vegetation trends and climatic variables (e.g., precipitation, soil moisture, temperature, solar radiation) trends. The Mann-Kendall (τ) test and Theil-Sen’s slope were deployed for computing trends over vegetation (e.g., forests, shrublands, savannas, croplands, and grassland). The results showed a prominent large-scale greening trend of croplands (77% of area) and forests including shrublands, savannas, and grassland (42% of area), mostly across the Central (Nepal) Himalayas. The browning trends of forests were also evident, especially over the Eastern Himalaya (Bhutan). The greening trends of vegetation were mainly associated with climatic factors like precipitation and soil moisture, and the corresponding correlation coefficients (r) were 0.69 and 0.28, respectively at p-value ̼ 0.001. Additionally, temperature control on vegetation was found at higher elevation zones of the Central and Eastern Himalayas (r = 0.93, p-value ̼ 0.001), whereas browning trends of vegetation occurred due to temperature-induced moisture stress along with the decreasing trends of solar radiation, and a profound impact was seen over Bhutan. Human-induced land-use change (e.g., shifting cultivation, deforestation) was also attributed to declining vegetation growth since an increase in built-up area was noticed that mainly replaced the croplands and barren land over the study regions. Therefore, the quantification of vegetation trends is important for understanding and managing agriculture and forests ecosystems located in the high-altitude zone, and attention from ecologists and policymakers is required to monitor and manage vegetation in the Himalayas
Investigation of fire regime dynamics and modeling of burn area over India for the twenty-first century
No full textThe characteristics of the vegetation fire (VF) regime are strongly influenced by geographical variables such as regional physiographic settings, location, and climate. Understanding the VF regime is extremely important for managing and mitigating the impacts of fires on ecosystems, communities, and human activities in forest fire-prone regions. The present study thereby aimed to explore the potential effects of the confounding factors on VF in India to offer actionable and achievable solutions for mitigating this concurring environmental issue sustainably. A global burn area (250 m) data (Fire-CCIv5.1) and fire radiative power (FRP) were used to investigate the dynamics of VF across seven different divisions in India. The study also used the maximum and minimum temperatures, precipitation, population density, and intensity of human modification to model forest burn areas (including grassland). The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project-6 (CMIP6) was used to predict the burn area for 2030 and 2050 future climate scenarios. The present study accounted for a sizable increasing trend of VF during 2001-2019 period. The highest increasing trend was found in central India (513 and 343 km
2 year
-1 in the forest and crop fire, respectively), followed by southern India (364 km
2 year
-1 in forest fire), and upper Indo-Gangetic plain (128 km
2 year
-1 in crop fire). The FRP has varied significantly across the divisions, with the north-eastern Himalayas exhibiting the highest FRP hotspot. The maximum and minimum temperatures have the greatest influence on forest fires, according to Random Forest (RF) modeling. The estimated pre-monsoonal burn area for 2050 and 2050 future scenarios suggested a more frequent forest fire occurrence across India, particularly in southern and central India. A comprehensive forest fire control policy is therefore essential to safeguard and conserve forest cover in the regions, affected by forest fire periodically.
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Next generation insect pest control in cotton: Current status, challenges and future perspectives
No full textInsect pests pose a serious threat to cotton cultivation across the globe. The current pest management methods, which include the transgenic methods to combat the insect pests have limitations and are not entirely effective. However, CRISPR/CRISPR-associated gene (Cas) systems and RNA interference (RNAi) based non-transgenic approaches are potent technologies that can effectively control the insect pests of cotton. RNAi enables the ability to silence key genes in insects, resulting in the selective destruction of the target species when double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is introduced into cells and causes the complementary messenger RNA to be inactivated in a sequence-specific way. On the other hand, CRISPRCas is a genome editing technique that picks out a particular DNA section, makes a clean cut at the target site, and either renders a gene dysfunctional or replaces one gene version with another. Currently, ineffective and highly variable outcomes when various insect species, strains, developmental stages, tissues, and genes are targeted prevent the wide adoption of RNAi and CRISPR/CRISPR-associated gene (Cas) based pest control methods. The primary technological obstacle for the successful implementation of RNAi is RNAi efficiency. Double-stranded ribonucleases (dsRNases), endosomal entrapment, insufficient operation of the core machinery, and insufficient immune stimulation contributes to the low efficiency of RNA
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