30,044 research outputs found
Maintenance Knowledge Management with Fusion of CMMS and CM
No full textAbstract- Maintenance can be considered as an information, knowledge processing and management system. The management of knowledge resources in maintenance is a relatively new issue compared to Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) and Condition Monitoring (CM) approaches and systems. Information Communication technologies (ICT) systems including CMMS, CM and enterprise administrative systems amongst others are effective in supplying data and in some cases information. In order to be effective the availability of high-quality knowledge, skills and expertise are needed for effective analysis and decision-making based on the supplied information and data. Information and data are not by themselves enough, knowledge, experience and skills are the key factors when maximizing the usability of the collected data and information. Thus, effective knowledge management (KM) is growing in importance, especially in advanced processes and management of advanced and expensive assets. Therefore efforts to successfully integrate maintenance knowledge management processes with accurate information from CMMSs and CM systems will be vital due to the increasing complexities of the overall systems.
Low maintenance effectiveness costs money and resources since normal and stable production cannot be upheld and maintained over time, lowered maintenance effectiveness can have a substantial impact on the organizations ability to obtain stable flows of income and control costs in the overall process. Ineffective maintenance is often dependent on faulty decisions, mistakes due to lack of experience and lack of functional systems for effective information exchange [10]. Thus, access to knowledge, experience and skills resources in combination with functional collaboration structures can be regarded as vital components for a high maintenance effectiveness solution.
Maintenance effectiveness depends in part on the quality, timeliness, accuracy and completeness of information related to machine degradation state, based on which decisions are made. Maintenance effectiveness, to a large extent, also depends on the quality of the knowledge of the managers and maintenance operators and the effectiveness of the internal & external collaborative environments. With emergence of intelligent sensors to measure and monitor the health state of the component and gradual implementation of ICT) in organizations, the conceptualization and implementation of E-Maintenance is turning into a reality. Unfortunately, even though knowledge management aspects are important in maintenance, the integration of KM aspects has still to find its place in E-Maintenance and in the overall information flows of larger-scale maintenance solutions. Nowadays, two main systems are implemented in most maintenance departments: Firstly, Computer Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS), the core of traditional maintenance record-keeping practices that often facilitate the usage of textual descriptions of faults and actions performed on an asset. Secondly, condition monitoring systems (CMS). Recently developed (CMS) are capable of directly monitoring asset components parameters; however, attempts to link observed CMMS events to CM sensor measurements have been limited in their approach and scalability. In this article we present one approach for addressing this challenge. We argue that understanding the requirements and constraints in conjunction - from maintenance, knowledge management and ICT perspectives - is necessary. We identify the issues that need be addressed for achieving successful integration of such disparate data types and processes (also integrating knowledge management into the “data types” and processes)
The politics and economics of regulatory impact assessment
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the link in this record
Asystasia venui Anant Kumar, G. Krishna & Av. Bhattacharjee 2023, sp. nov.
No full textAsystasia venui Anant Kumar, G. Krishna & Av. Bhattacharjee sp. nov. FIGURES 2 & 3 Type:— INDIA. West Bengal, Howrah, Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, along bank of Janardanam Lake, 11.3 m, 22.55856° E & 88.29227° N, 20.11.2019, Anant Kumar, Gopal Krishna & Avishek Bhattacharjee 86184 (Holotype CAL, CAL0000033886; isotype CAL, CAL0000033887!). Diagnosis:— Asystasia venui is morphologically allied to A. atroviridis Anderson (1867: 526), but differs in having smaller calyx lobes (vs. longer calyx lobes); papillose ovary (vs. glandular hairy ovary); glabrous style throughout (vs. style pubescent basally); densely glandular pubescent capsules (vs. glabrous capsules). Description:—Erect or decumbent herbs, 30−60 cm high; stem purplish red, branched, quadrangular, sulcate, ribbed after drying, rooting at nodes on lower portion, pubescent when young, then glabrescent when old except for nodes. Leaves opposite, decussate, petiolate or uppermost pair sessile; petioles (0−) 0.5−8 cm long, sulcate, pubescent; lamina elliptic-ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, uppermost pair ovate to broadly ovate, smaller in size, 1.4−10 × 0.9−4.4 cm, chartaceous, base unequal, rounded, subcordate, attenuate, or decurrent onto petiole when young, margin entire, apex shortly acuminate, pubescent and green above, tuberculate, glabrous and whitish beneath, veins camptodromous, midvein prominent, impressed above, prominent below, pubescent, lateral veins 5−7 pairs, otherwise same as mid vein. Inflorescences terminal, condensed racemes, 1–4 cm long, 4−12-flowered, pubescent. Flowers ca. 2 cm across; pedicels slender, 1−1.2 cm long, pubescent. Bracts triangular, 1.2–1.5 mm long, apex acuminate, margin ciliate persistent; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–0.7 mm long, apex acute, margin ciliate, persistent. Calyx 5-lobed, pubescent and glandular-hairy outside, glabrous inside; tube 1–1.5 mm long; lobes linear-lanceolate, 3−3.5 mm long, apex acute. Corolla infundibuliform, ventricose, white, with a light violet-purple blotch on the middle lobe of lower lip, glandular-hairy outside, glabrous inside; tube 2–2.3 cm long, base cylindrical for 1.5–1.7 cm long, throat 5–6 mm long; lobes 5, elliptic-ovate, 5−7 × 4–4.5 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted at base of throat, slightly exserted; filaments white, slender, shorter pair 5−5.5 mm long, longer pair 8−8.5 mm long, connate at the base in pairs, glabrous; anthers white with a vertical violet-black band on the sides, oblong, 1.2–1.5 cm long, spurred at base, connective beyond the anther cells, glabrous. Ovary green, oblong or columnar, compressed, 1.2−1.5 mm long, papillose, basally surrounded by fleshy, dull white, nectariferous disc, 2-celled; ovules 2 in each cell; style white, filiform, 2.4–2.6 cm long, glabrous; stigma shortly 2-lobed, smooth. Capsules green, clavate, compressed, 1.4–2.2 cm long, dehiscent, densely glandular hairy. Seeds 4, suborbicular, flattened, ca. 3 mm across, tuberculate, rugose, dentate along margins, borne on ca. 2 mm long, hook-like retinacula. Phenology:—Flowering and fruiting from September to December. Habitat: — The new species grows along lakes in shady area at an elevation of about 10 m. The association includes Rivina humilis L., Ruellia tuberosa L., Cardiospermum halicacabum L., Mikania micrantha Kunth and Plumbago zeylanica L. and grasses etc. Distribution:—The species is distributed in Howrah, West Bengal, India so far. Etymology:—The new species is named after Dr Potharaju Venu, Former Senior Scientist of Botanical Survey of India, for his significant contribution to the taxonomy of Indian Acanthaceae. Notes:— The Indian species of the genus can be categorized in two groups on the basis of shape of corolla tube, i.e. Group 1 comprises three species Asystasia atroviridis Anderson (1867: 526), A. neesiana (Wallich 1830: 73) Nees (1832: 89), A. venui Anant Kumar, G. Krishna & Av. Bhattacharjee sp. nov. having cylindrical, shortly funnelshaped corolla tube upwards, and Group 2 having 10 species A. chelonoides Nees (1832: 89), A. crispata Bentham (1852: 647), A. dalzelliana Santapau (1948: 276), A. gangetica (Linnaeus 1756: 3) Anderson (1860: 235), A. indica H.J. Chowdhery & Av. Bhattacharjee (2006: 211), A. macrocarpa Nees (1832: 89), A. mysorensis (Roth 1821: 303) Anderson (1867: 524), A. pusilla C.B. Clarke (1889: 55), A. travancorica Beddome (1872: 39), and A. variabilis (Nees 1847: 165) Trimen (1895: 324) with tubular-ventricose corolla tube (FIGURE 1). Out of these, five species are endemic to India, e.g., A. crispata, A. dalzelliana, A. indica, A. pusilla, and A. travancorica. Lindau (1895) erected a new genus Asystasiella Lindau (1895: 326) to accommodate the species of Group one with two species, viz. A. neesiana and A. atroviridis, and it was considered to be different from Asystasia by having a narrow cylindric corolla tube and stachel pollen (spheroidal with spines). Ensermu et al. (1992) discussed the delimitation of the genus based on pollen morphology. Since, the genus Asystasia encompasses considerable variation in inflorescence form, corolla morphology, and pollen type, therefore, the genus Asystasiella was included within Asystasia (Manzitto-Tripp et al. 2022). The generic circumscription of Asystasia, Asystasiella, Mackaya and other related genera should be delimitated by molecular phylogenetic study along with pollen morphology. Das (1939: 408) incorrectly transferred these three species from Asystasia to Mackaya as M. atroviridis (Anderson 1867: 526) Das (1939: 448), M. macrocarpa (Nees 1832: 89) Das (1939: 447), and M. neesiana (Wallich 1830: 73) Das (1939: 447), respectively. However, the genus Mackaya is characterized by two fertile stamens without spurs and with two staminodes, while Asystasia has all four fertile stamens with spur at the base of anthers. Deng and Wu (2009: 308) stated that these three species were quite different from Mackaya in having four stamens and they preferred to place them in Asystasia rather than in Mackaya. Based on the above mentioned reasons the new species fits with Asystasia instead of Mackaya and hence, we are describing it here under Asystasia. The new species was wrongly identified as Asystasia chelonoides Nees by Chowdhery and Pandey (2007). However, it can be easily distinguished from Asystasia chelonoides by its long tubular-cylindrical corolla and densely flowered racemes. Comparison of diagnostic characters of the new species with its most allied species is provided in detail in Table 1. Additional specimens examined (Paratypes):— INDIA. West Bangal: Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, along bank of Janardanam Lake, 10 m, 22.55847° E & 88.29214° N, 23.11.2020, Anant Kumar, Gopal Krishna & Avishek Bhattacharjee 86185 (CAL); Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, along bank of Janardanam Lake, 11 m, 22.55862° E & 88.29233° N, 20.11.2018, Anant Kumar, Gopal Krishna & Avishek Bhattacharjee 81601 (CAL); Acharya Jagdish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Division 9, 12 m, 22.55746° E & 88.29357° N, 23.09.2010, Avishek Bhattacharjee 72736 (CAL).Published as part of Kumar, Anant, Krishna, Gopal & Bhattacharjee, Avishek, 2023, Asystasia venui (Justicieae: Acanthaceae): A new species from West Bengal, India, pp. 239-247 in Phytotaxa 600 (4) on pages 241-244, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/809394
Humboldtia ponmudiana E. S. S. Kumar, Shareef et Raj Vikr. 2022, sp.nov.
No full textHumboldtia ponmudiana E.S.S.Kumar, Shareef et Raj Vikr. sp.nov. (Figures 1, 2 & 3B) Type:— INDIA, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi, 800 m., 09.12.2021, E.S. Santhosh Kumar & S.M. Shareef 96319 (holotype TBGT!, isotype TBGT!, MH!, CAL!). Diagnosis:— Humboldtia ponmudiana is closely similar to H. decurrens, but differs in having black coloured bark, densely brown tomentose young shoots, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate leaflets with densely brown tomentose midribs, sessile or subsessile flowers, fairly large broadly ovate eglandular bracts, connate to middle bracteoles with adaxial glabrous surfaces, fairly large anthers, 1–4 ovuled ovaries and silky tomentose pods with long beak (Table 1). Descripton:—Moderate sized trees, 5–12 m tall; trunk 25–50 cm in diameter, bark black, warty; blaze light crimson; young shoots densely brown tomentose, glabrescent at maturity. Stipules 5.5–6.0 × 1.5–2.0 cm, ovatelanceolate, slightly falcate, acuminate to cuspidate at apex, prominently parallel veined, depressed glandular, densely brown tomentose when young and glabrescent at maturity; appendages 1.0–1.7 × 1.6–2.3 cm, reniform, obtuse or rarely acuminate on one side, densely tomentose when young, glabrescent at maturity. Leaves up to 45 cm long, subsessile, 8–12- foliolate; young leaves pendulous, creamy-white suffused with light pink, densely brown tomentose; rachis obcordately or decurrently winged, wings reticulately veined, densely brown tomentose on both surfaces; petiolules 2–4 mm long, not covered by rachis wings, densely brown tomentose, depressed glandular; leaflets 10.5–37 × 3.0–7.0 cm, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, subcordate or rounded at base, acuminate to caudate-acuminate at apex, slightly undulate at margins, subcoriaceous, depressed glandular, densely brown tomentose beneath; lateral nerves 10–19 pairs, shallowly depressed above, prominently raised beneath and arching 2.0–3.0 mm away from the margin forming a prominent intramarginal vein. Racemes 5.0–9.0 cm long, pendulous, axillary or cauliflorous, subsessile; rachis terete, brown tomentose, many flowered. Flowers c. 3.5 cm across at anthesis, white, sessile or subsessile; pedicels absent or rarely up to 0.2 cm long, brown villous; bracts 1.0–1.2 × 0.7 cm, broadly ovate, greenish-white, acuminate at apex, brown villous and eglandular without, glabrous within, fugacious; bracteoles 2, 1.0–1.3 × 0.7 cm, ovate, obtuse at apex, greenish-white, connate to middle in cauliflorus flowers or connate to middle on one side and free up to the base on the other side in axillary flowers, silky villous and glandular without, glabrous within. Calyx tube 0.8–1 cm long, obconic, silky villous; lobes 4, 1.2–1.8 × 0.4–0.7 cm, subequal, one larger than the rest, elliptic-oblong or linearoblong, creamy-white, rounded at apex, silky villous on both surfaces. Petals 5, 1.6–2.3 × 0.6–1.0 cm, obovate to oblanceolate, white, clawed at base, acute or slightly acuminate at apex, glabrous or minutely silky pilose along the midrib abaxially. Stamens 5, 3.5–4.0 cm long; filaments filiform, pink, broad and silky pilose at base; anthers 3.5–4.0 mm long, pink, obtuse at both ends. Ovary 0.8–1.0 cm long, stipe 1.0– 1.5mm long, obliquely linear, silky villous, 1–4 ovuled; style filiform, 2.7–3.0 cm long, rarely coiled, glabrous, pink; stigma capitate. Pods 13–15 × 3–4 cm, oblong, silky tomentose; beak 2–2.5 cm long. Seeds 2–3, thick, flat, glabrous. Flowering & Fruiting: —December - February Habitat, Ecology and Conservation status: —This species is found in the evergreen forests of Ponmudi hills between 700–800 m elevations in Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve (ABR), Kerala. The main associated species are Antidesma montanum Blume (1827:1124), Arenga wightii Griffith (1845:475), Croton malabaricus Beddome (1873: 204 ) , Dimocarpus longan Loureiro (1790: 233), Diospyros paniculata Dalzell (1852:109), Elaeocarpus tuberculatus Roxburgh (1832:594), Pandanus thwaitesii Martelli (1905:369), Pinanga dicksonii (Roxb.) Blume (1839:77), Quisqualis malabarica Beddome (1874:33), Syzygium munronii (Wight) N.P. Balakrishnan (1982:174), Thottea ponmudiana Sivarajan (1985:202), Vateria indica Linnaeaus (1753:515), etc. The present population consists of less than 50 mature trees and several seedlings of various ages occupying an area of less than 5 km 2. Following the IUCN Red List criteria (IUCN 2020), H. ponmudiana is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) in the category [B2a, b (v)]. Distribution:—Endemic to Kerala Etymology:—The new species is named after the type locality, Ponmudi, an important hills station in south Kerala. Additional Specimens examined:— INDIA, Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi, 760 m., 22.12.2021, E.S. Santhosh Kumar & S.M. Shareef 96335; ibid, 10.02.2022, E.S. Santhosh Kumar & S.M. Shareef 96336 (Paratype TBGT!).Published as part of Kumar, Ettickal Sukumaran Santhosh, Shareef, Sainudeen Muhammed & Vikraman, Ramachandrakurup Raj, 2022, Humboldtia ponmudiana (Fabaceae-Detarioideae), a new species from Kerala, India, pp. 115-121 in Phytotaxa 552 (1) on pages 116-119, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.552.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/667312
Miliusa agasthyamalana V. S. A. Kumar & Sindhu Arya 2022, sp. nov.
No full textMiliusa agasthyamalana V.S.A. Kumar & Sindhu Arya, sp. nov. (Figs. 1,2) Type:— INDIA. Kerala: Thiruvananthapuram district, Athirumala, 8.970 N 77.30 E, 1200 m, 08 May 2020 (with flowers), Govind & VSA Kumar 590 (holotype UCBD; isotypes UCBD, KFRI). Diagnosis: — Miliusa agasthyamalana resembles M. wightiana Hooker & Thomson (1855: 285) with respect to solitary flowers, leaves with acuminate apex and ovate shape of the inner petal but is distinct with respect to the size of tree (small tree reaching a height of 9 m in M. agasthyamalana vs. medium sized tree reaching a height of 15 m in M. wightiana), shape of leaves (ovate to ovate lanceolate vs. elliptic-lanceolate), hairiness on secondary veins (glabrous vs. pubescent), length of pedicel (3.0– 5.5 mm vs. 1.5 –2.5 mm), sepals (Ovate or obovate with hair along margin vs. oblong and pubescent throughout.)inner petals (1.5–2.2cm fleshy, yellow with pink stripes or spots vs. 10–15 × 6–8 mm non-fleshy, greenish), staminal connectives (included vs. apiculate), number of carpels per flower (17–22 vs. 10–15) and shape of monocarps (dumbbell-shaped with round apex vs. pisiform with acute apex). The new species also shows resemblance to M. paithalmalayana Josekutty (2016: 287) reported from the Paithalamala range of Western Ghats with respect to the solitary flowers, included staminal connectives and linear carpels but is very distinct with respect to the inner petals (ovate, fleshy, yellow with pink stripes in M. agasthyamalana vs. elliptic to lanceolate, nonfleshy with purple color in M. paithalmalayana), sepals (ovate or obovate with hairs along margin vs. lanceolate, glabrous) number of carpels per flower (18–22 vs. 10–15), shape of monocarp (dumbbell shaped with round apex, green with purple spots vs. oblong, crimson red) Description: —Evergreen trees, 6–9 m high; bark brown, rough, branches terete, drooping, often spreading, young parts gloss, glabrous. Leaves chartaceous, 5.0–16.0 × 1.5–5.0 cm, ovate or ovate lanceolate, unequally rounded at base, wavy and slightly folded along margins, caudate-acuminate at apex, glabrous, subsessile or petiole to 1 mm long, terete, glabrous, black; lateral nerves 6–8 pairs, intramarginal nerves looping; tertiary nerves inconspicuous, nervules obscure, Flowers solitary, pseudo-terminal (slightly above and opposite the terminal leaf) yellowish-pink; pedicels 3.5–5.5 cm long, glabrous, glossy, yellowish to light green; bracts 2, ovate-triangular, acute, ca 0.5 mm long, hairy outside; sepals 3, ca 1.0 × 1.2 mm, ovate-lanceolate, apex acute, adaxial side glabrous in the middle, pubescent along margin; outer petals 3, ovate or obovate, apex acute, hairy along margins, slightly curved inwards, ca 3.0 × 3.5 mm; inner petals 3, ovate or obovate, 1–1.4 × 0.8–1.0 cm, thick ca 1mm long, fleshy, glabrous, thickly hooded on the lower half, cohering when young along margins, yellow with pink streaks inside and pink spots outside; torus ovoid, long with white hairs; stamens 15–20, anthers ca 0.5 mm long, connective included; carpels 17–22, linear in outline, slightly curved, ca 1 mm long, glabrous; stigma obovate-acute, about half the height of the ovary, ovules 1 or 2. Fruiting stalk terete, glabrous, dark brown, 7–9 cm long; monocarps usually 8–15, each 1–1.2 × 1–1.5 cm across, more or less dumbbell-shaped, green with purple stripes. Seeds 1–2. Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting occur during April to July. Etymology:— The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Agasthyamala Biosphere reserve in Thiruvananthapuram District of Kerala, south India. Distribution and ecology:— Miliusa agasthyamalana is known only from the type locality, between 1000–1250 m elevations. It grows in the interior of the evergreen forest range of Athirumala, with a total of two individual only. Each individual is separated by a distance range of 1.5 km. The associated species include Garcinia imberti Bourdillion (1899: 349) (Clusiaceae) and Myristica beddomei King (1891: 327) (Myristicaceae).The type locality Athirumala forms the base station of Agasthyamala biosphere reserve that is rich with moist deciduous forest, semi evergreen forest, grassland, evergreen forest and at the end, large rock formations. It has a unique biodiversity and is noted for the presence of many endemic medicinal herbs. The high conservation value of the area relies on its rich biodiversity, geography and hydrology and hence protected as a biosphere reserve. Taxonomic notes:—The new species is similar to Miliusa campanulate Pierre (1881: 41) group (Chaowasku & Kessler 2013), based on the tightly appressed nature of the inner petals (Chaowasku & Kessler 2013) and Indian species to the Miliusa nilagirica group (Van Heusden 1992) in having recurved inner petals. Miliusa agasthyamalana shows similarity to Miliusa tirunelvelica Murugan, Manickam, Sundaresan & Jothi (2004: 102) with respect to 6–8 pairs of secondary veins in leaf and included connectives but is distinct with respect to many characters summarized in Table 1. Conservation status:— There is only a single population, with about 2 mature individuals, occupying an area of less than 2 km 2. The estimated Extent of Occurrence (EOO) is 25 km 2 and the Area of Occupancy (AOO) is less than 2 km 2. The number of mature individuals is estimated to be two, when considering all the localities. Since these locations are inside a protected area, the likelihood of a decline due to anthropogenic activity is small. Nevertheless, we recommend that the species be categorized as Critically Endangered (CR) in the category [B2a, b(v)] (IUCN 2020). The area is well protected but chances of forest fires pose a high threat to this area. Selected specimen examined (paratypes):— INDIA. Kerala Thiruvananthapuram district, Athirumala 1110 m, 8.970 N 77.30 E, 25 May 2020 Govind 778 (UCBD), 30 June 2020, S . Arya & V. S. A. Kumar 790 (UCBD), 24 June 2021 S . Arya & V. S. A. Kumar 1226 (UCBD).Published as part of Arya, Sindhu & Kumar, Venugopalan Nair Saradamma Anil, 2022, Miliusa agasthyamalana (Annonaceae), a new species from southern Western Ghats, India, pp. 252-258 in Phytotaxa 552 (4) on pages 253-257, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.552.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/678581
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