251 research outputs found
sj-pdf-2-pie-10.1177_09544089231160586 - Supplemental material for Study the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within a Hele–Shaw cell
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-2-pie-10.1177_09544089231160586 for Study the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within
a Hele–Shaw cell by Awanish Kumar and Beer Singh Bhadauria in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231160586 - Supplemental material for Study the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within a Hele–Shaw cell
No full textSupplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pie-10.1177_09544089231160586 for Study the combined effect of electric field and variable viscosity on the stability of dielectric nanofluid (CuO + water) within
a Hele–Shaw cell by Awanish Kumar and Beer Singh Bhadauria in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering</p
Exploring the Behavior of Bovine Serum Albumin in Response to Changes in the Chemical Composition of Responsive Polymers: Experimental and Simulation Studies
No full textKnowledge of the interactions between polymer and protein is very important to fabricate the potential materials for many bio-related applications. In this regard, the present work investigated
the effect of copolymers on the conformation and thermal stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA) with the aid of biophysical techniques such as fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In comparison with that of copolymer PGA-1.5, our fluorescence spectroscopy results reveal that the copolymer PGA-1, which has a lower PEGMA/AA ratio, shows greater influence on the conformation of BSA. Copolymers induced
unfolding of the polypeptide chain of BSA, which was confirmed from the loss in the negative ellipticity of CD spectra. DSC results showed that the addition of PGA-1 and PGA-1.5 (0.05% (w/v) decreased the transition temperature by 14.8 and 11.5 ˝C, respectively). The results from the present study on the behavior of protein in response to changes in the chemical composition of synthetic polymers are significant for various biological applications such as enzyme immobilization, protein
separations, sensor development and stimuli-responsive systems.Feng Chia UniversityTaichung Veterans General Hospital (Contract TCVGH-FCU1048201
Viscosity-Reducing Bulky-Salt Excipients Prevent Gelation of Protein, but Not Carbohydrate, Solutions
No full textThe problem of gelation of concentrated protein solutions, which poses challenges for both downstream protein processing and liquid formulations of pharmaceutical proteins, is addressed herein by employing previously discovered viscosity-lowering bulky salts. Procainamide-HCl and the salt of camphor-10-sulfonic acid with l-arginine (CSA-Arg) greatly retard gelation upon heating and subsequent cooling of the model proteins gelatin and casein in water: Whereas in the absence of additives the proteins form aqueous gels within several hours at room temperature, procainamide-HCl for both proteins and also CSA-Arg for casein prevent gel formation for months under the same conditions. The inhibition of gelation by CSA-Arg stems exclusively from the CSA moiety: CSA-Na was as effective as CSA-Arg, while Arg-HCl was marginally or not effective. The tested bulky salts did not inhibit (and indeed accelerated) temperature-induced gel formation in aqueous solutions of all examined carbohydrates―starch, agarose, alginate, gellan gum, and carrageenan. Keywords: Carbohydrates, Downstream processing of biologics, Gel formation, Hydrophobic salts, Intermolecular interactions in solution, Protein
Nanodrug therapy for salmonella biofilm disruption
No full textSalmonella infections pose a significant global health threat, affecting millions of people each year. These infections can cause a range of illnesses, from mild gastroenteritis to severe systemic diseases, such as typhoid fever. Bacteria are particularly hazardous due to their ability to form biofilms, which provide a robust defense mechanism, making traditional antibiotic treatments largely ineffective. Biofilms, which are composed of bacterial cells and extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), create a protective barrier that impedes the penetration of antibiotics, allowing bacteria to survive even under adverse conditions. The innovative use of nanomedicine therapeutics to address the persistent challenge of Salmonella biofilm infections is explored in this chapter. Various nanodrug strategies, including the use of metallic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles, have been investigated for their potential to penetrate and disrupt biofilm structures. The mechanisms by which nanoparticles enhance antibiotic delivery are also highlighted. This chapter emphasizes the role of nanotechnology in developing more effective treatments against multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains. This chapter also focuses on the urgent need for further research to find innovative solutions for combating persistent bacterial infections
Mode Engineering in Micro Ring Resonators and Their Application
No full textSilicon Photonics (SiP) has emerged as the prominent platform for Photonic
Integrated Circuits (PICs). CMOS technology compatible fabrication processes,
high index contrast of the waveguide core-cladding leading to sharp bends, and low
propagation loss are the key advantageous features of SiP circuits in Silicon on
Insulator (SOI). Various functional units are already in their mature stage where
Micro Ring Resonators (MRRs) have been widely used to realize wavelength
selective devices in a PIC. Compact design, high Q-Factor, scalable spectral
properties, and the ability to create complex higher-order signal processing
architectures are some of its basic advantages. Due to these benefits of MRR, it has
found a wide range of applications ranging from sensors, optical communication,
and filters.
MRRs resonate at particular resonance wavelengths dictated by the interference
condition. However, fabrication imperfections and parasitic coupling at various
interfaces in MRR excite undesirable degenerate cavity modes that can lead to
unpredictable resonance splitting. The extent of splitting and the shape of split
resonances are uncontrollable and unpredictable within a reasonable degree of
accuracy and are only identified during the device characterization stage. Such split
response limits the use of MRR, otherwise a versatile component in PIC. In this
work, we attempted to tackle the resonance splitting problem by engineering mode
interaction within the cavity. We proposed and demonstrated a unique Self-Coupled
MRR (SCMRR) that provides a predictable and controllable resonance split by
regulating the excitation of the degenerate cavity mode. We also worked over
multiple cavity systems like loaded MRR and quadruple resonance split MRR to
gain control over not only the extent of splitting but also the resonance shape.
Finally, the proposed devices were exploited for applications in three different
domains i.e. sensing, optical communication and RF signal processing using
photonics.
Optical Communication: we demonstrated four channel multicasting at 48Gbps (4 x12 Gbps) by selectively splitting the MRR resonance into four notches. Multicasting
is achieved using Two Photon Absorption (TPA) induced Free Carrier Dispersion
(FCD) in Silicon. To the best of our knowledge, we achieved the highest data
rate/channel of 12 Gbps using a MRR based device.
Sensing: we demonstrated an on-chip self-calibrated sensor interrogator. In this
patented technique, we used SCMRR as an interrogator to scan the shift in FBG
sensor spectrum that can automatically calibrate the system performance against
the natural decay of the SCMRR thermal tuners and fluctuations in the ambient
environment. Unlike a single MRR, SCMRR interrogator response certain spectral
characteristics that can be processed to identify the change in FBG spectrum as
well as the SCMRR resonance split. The SCMRR split is then fed back to the
system to calibrate the thermal tuners for SCMRR.
RF signal processing using photonics: we proposed a RF Phase Shifter (PS) and
generation of on-chip Single SideBand with carrier (SSB+C) for Radio over Fiber
(RoF) based applications. In PS, we achieved continuous tuning of RF phase from
00 to 1800 with a record low power penalty of sub-1dB for a wide bandwidth RF (8
GHz-43 GHz). In RoF, we proposed a method of generating SSB+C signal by
suppressing one of the sidebands of a Double SideBand with Carrier (DSB+C)
signal. We achieved a tunable suppression ratio, high dynamic range, and almost
zero dispersion-based power penalty, unlike DSB+C signals, over a transmission
length of 43 Km and a frequency range of 1 GHz-20 GHz. The suppression is
achieved using DSB+C signal from bulk modulator as well as an on-chip modulato
Kumbh : India in a mela
No full textKumbh 2019 at Sangam City, Prayagraj, is a celebration of an ancient tradition: a dip in the holy waters where the mythical Saraswati meets the majestic Ganga flowing from the Himalaya and the sacred Yamuna, believed to have originated in the netherworld. The time of its celebration, far from being arbitrary, is based on a complex astrological calculation where the alignment of the stars determines the time and place of the Kumbh in one of the following four river-sites: Haridwar, Prayagraj, Nasik, and Ujjain. These riverside festivals and the city that springs up around them are attended by millions, making the Kumbha Mela the largest religious gathering, perhaps the oldest, and the largest temporary city in the world
Agrarian questions:Old and new
No full textReview of Mohanty, B. B. (ed.) (2016), Critical Perspectives on Agrarian Transition: India in the Global Debate, Routledge, New York
B R Ambedkar on Caste and Land Relations in India
No full textAmbedkar identified the land monopoly of caste Hindus in village society as the material basis of the caste system. The land question for Dalits is concerned with human dignity, with freedom from bondage and caste-based exploitation in village society. Ambedkar was critical of mainstream land reforms discourse for its disregard of the interests of the mass of landless Dalits, and its focus on the creation of peasant proprietors, which, he argued, was counterproductive for the agricultural development of India. Ambedkar advocated the annihilation of caste, the liberation of peasants and workers through modernisation of the economy, and the distribution of cultivable land to Dalits. Ambedkar’s was a modern approach to the agrarian problem in that it called for a complete break with existing and archaic institutional structures
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