2,695 research outputs found
Numerical investigation of micro and macro mechanical behaviour of granular media via a discrete element approach
No full textMagdeburg, Univ., Fak. für Mathematik, Diss., 2009von Pradip Kumar RoulZsfassung in dt. Sprach
The Forest Policies of ASEAN and Montréal Process: Comparing Highly and Weakly Formalized Regional Regimes
No full textForests are governed by a combination of sub-national and national as well as global and regional regimes. Comparing the institutional variation of regional regimes, including their degrees of formalization, is gaining attention of studies on regionalism in International Relations. This study attempts to analyse the ways in which the selected cases of the forest-related Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and forest-focused Montréal Process (MP) regional regimes may have synergetic overlaps or disparity in their institutional design and forest policy development. For this, we combined IR’s ‘rational institutional design’ theory and a policy analysis approach. Using a qualitative data approach, we analyzed key structure-related historical regime documents (e.g., charters) issued since the inception of both regimes, and their latest forest policy initiatives for the periods 2016–2025 (Strategic Plan of Action for ASEAN Cooperation on Forestry) and 2009–2015 (Conceptual Framework for the Montréal Process Strategic Action Plan) with all relevant policy documents since the adoption of current policies. Based on that, we pose the empirical questions of how both regimes illustrate governance structure (i.e., institutional design), and on the other hand how to explain regime forest policies coherently and consistently in terms of their high versus low degree of formality. The results show that institutional design is highly explanatory based on treaty and non-treaty regime formation as well as forest-related/focused regime formation with the synergistic sustainable forest management (SFM) issue that embraces deforestation and forest degradation, biodiversity, timber certification, and greenhouse gas emission. Additionally, the results suggest that the policy goals adopted by both regimes are coherent and consistent based on the full set of policy elements. Concerning the remedy for fragmented global forest governance arrangements, both regimes would be an example of practicing SFM-focused policies with the incorporation of forest-related policy elements into a larger governance assemblage dealing with issues such as biodiversity conservation or climate change mitigation
The forest policy outputs of regional regimes: a qualitative comparative analysis on the effects of formalization, hegemony and issue-focus around the globe
No full textInternational regimes, defined as sets of norms and rules around which members’ expectations converge, are providing structures for facilitating cooperation in a given issue area.Two main lines of environmental regime scholarship prevailed thus far: one on structuraldesign aspects of international institutions and one on their effects and effectiveness. However, questions on how such effects are achieved in detail largely remain unanswered.Against this background, this study aims to analyze the institutional design conditionsunder which regional regimes produce strong or weak policies. We do so by qualitativelycomparing, using a fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), nine regionalregimes across the world towards their ability of producing regime forest policies as anillustrative issue area. Three structural conditions were identified as being influential onregime policy: (i) The degree of formalization (ii) The existence of hegemonic/powerfulmember state(s) and (iii) Scope or issue specificity bearing the identity of a regime. Ourresults showed that no one condition on its own was necessary to produce either strongor weak regime forest policy. However, all three conditions, through three different configurations, created a robust pathway for producing strong regime policy. In addition, thecombination that showed the presence of all three conditions was related to weak regimepolicy. These results open several prospects for future research on the relationship betweenregimes´ structures and regime policy.Fil: Sarker, Pradip Kumar. Technische Universität Dresden.; AlemaniaFil: Giessen, Lukas. Technische Universität Dresden.; AlemaniaFil: Göhrs, Max. Georg-August University; AlemaniaFil: Jeon, Sohui. University of New South Wales; AustraliaFil: Nago, Minette. Georg-August University; AlemaniaFil: Polo Villanueva, Fredy David. Technische Universität Dresden.; AlemaniaFil: Burns, Sarah Lilian. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Laboratorio de Investigacion de Sistemas Ecologicos y Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentin
Barriers for Implementation of Renewable Energy Technologies in Rural Areas a Review
No full textThis paper provides a review on barriers of rural electrification and mechanisms for these activities. Access to affordable and high quality electricity is essential for the development of modern economies. Low rates of electricity access in the developing world pose a signi cant barrier to sustainable economic and social development, particularly in rural areas. The International Energy Agency IEA estimates that about 1.3 billion people in the world, primarily in South Asia and Sub Saharan Africa, still lack a connection to electricity. P. Praveen Kumar | G. Srinadha Sarma | R. Pradip Kumar "Barriers for Implementation of Renewable Energy Technologies in Rural Areas-a Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd4732.pd
Regional governance by the South Asia Cooperative Environment Program (SACEP)? Institutional design and customizable regime policy offering flexible political options
No full textRegional economic regimes and the environment: stronger institutional design is weakening environmental policy capacity of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation
No full textSupplementary_Information - Photoconductive polyimides derived from a novel imidazole-containing diamine
No full textSupplementary_Information for Photoconductive polyimides derived from a novel imidazole-containing diamine by Keuk-Min Jeong, Pradip Kumar Tapaswi, Takehiko Kambara, Ryohei Ishige, Shinji Ando and Chang-Sik Ha in High Performance Polymers</p
International and Domestic Sustainable Forest Management Policies: Distributive Effects on Power among State Agencies in Bangladesh
No full textThe last two decades of forest policy discussions have been dominated by calls for sustainable management of forest resources. Consequently, multiple international and domestic policies, supporting sustainable forest management (SFM), have evolved in numerous jurisdictions. Policies in developing countries often rely on foreign donors’ projects, which supplement domestic SFM policy. These policies assign various policy tasks to specific public bureaucracies, who then compete for these very tasks, as well as the related staff and budgets. Therefore, project and policy task assignment greatly influences bureaucratic power. This article analyzes the distributive effects of SFM policy on power (in terms of coercion, incentives and dominant information) among relevant domestic and foreign donor bureaucracies in Bangladesh. Concepts from power theory, bureaucratic politics theory, and concepts of policy and policy process were combined to analyze 121 Bangladeshi SFM policies from 1992–2013, which assign a total of 1012 policy tasks to specific public bureaucracies. Using qualitative content analysis, inferences about power were assigned to specific competing bureaucracies by the totality of SFM policies made. Results identify domestic and foreign bureaucracies whose power distribution benefit most from the SFM policies viz. their competitors. It is concluded that bureaucracies gaining the most power set the limits and directions in designing, implementing and evaluating various elements of any national SFM policies
Implications of Development Cooperation and State Bureaucracy on Climate Change Adaptation Policy in Bangladesh
No full textPolicy action is visible in national and international climate governance. However, policy-making and its implementation often fail to generate the desired outcomes that aim to adapt to the adverse impact of climate change in a developing nation, such as Bangladesh—a country highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Against this backdrop, the study aims to analyze the implication of development cooperation and bureaucratic politics on the policy-making and implementation of climate change adaptation policy in Bangladesh. In doing so, the research uses national and international climate adaptation funds and the existing state administrative framework of the climate adaptation regime. Methodologically, it follows a mixed qualitative–quantitative research approach. The study discusses the following key findings: (1) the general cross-sectoral nature and thrusts of domestic and external climate adaptation funding; (2) how Bangladesh technical departments, such as that for water management, have reacted successfully to ensure the utilization of the funds is for implementing adaptation policy; (3) simultaneously, how Bangladesh bureaucracy, made of the elite, together with politics, have maintained their traditional values, practices, and structures in responding to the administrative requirements of climate adaptation funders, especially bilateral and multilateral development agencies, and (4) what changes should be brought to the bureaucratic cadre and added to the administrative setup in Bangladesh to provide a better overall impact of the adaptation policy and funding
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