12,488 research outputs found
Street fight video exposure, affective response, racial judgments, and criminal sentencing recommendations: A study on non-fictional and non-news mediated violence
No full textStreet fight videos (SFVs) pervade online media platforms such as YouTube. Yet SFVs have evaded rigorous academic study. Spurred by racial tensions in the United States, I propose a theoretically grounded and original model, the media affect-alignment bias model (MAAB-M) to investigate the affective and cognitive effects of interracial SFV exposure. MAAB-M aims to contribute to media researchers’ theoretical and practical approach to investigating intergroup conflict media across varying contexts.
MAAB-M predicts viewers’ affective responses to SFV exposure will influence their racial ingroup identification levels and, in turn, their criminal punishment recommendations for racial outgroup SFV fighters. The model is informed by several social scientific theories referenced by media, identity, and social cognition scholars. Via social identity theory, exposure to racial outgroup SFV fighters will prime threat cognitions. Depicted racial outgroup victories will reinforce threat cognitions. Additionally, via disposition theory, viewers will affectively align (or emotionally attach) themselves to SFV fighters of their own race and vilify racial outgroup fighters.
Both theories support the notion that exposure to racial ingroup victories will increase viewers’ positive affective states. Likewise, exposure to racial outgroup victories will increase viewers’ negative affective states. Increased positive affect is predicted to increase viewers’ desire to enjoy cognitive rewards related to their racial ingroup identification, leading to an increase in viewers’ racial ingroup identification. Increased negative affect is predicted to increase viewers’ need to mitigate perceptions and feelings of threat toward their group identity, also leading to an increase in their racial ingroup identification. MAAB-M also predicts that increased racial ingroup identification will increase viewers’ negative perceptions of racial outgroup SFV fighters, leading viewers to recommend increased criminal sentencing recommendations for these fighters. Within the MAAB-M model, cultivated fear, SFV enjoyment, group-level affect toward outgroups, and heuristic and systematic cognitive processing modes are considered.
Three studies comprise this dissertation. First, a qualitative focus group study explores the validity of MAAB-M’s conceptual approach to SFV study. Afterward, two experiments assess SFV exposure effect via moderated mediation analyses. Ultimately, the studies found that exposure to interracial SFVs led to decreased self-assurance. In turn, multicultural inclusion tendencies increased for White undergraduate students. Also, multicultural inclusion tendencies decreased ethnocentric and ethnic-racial salience tendencies in Black and White adults nationwide. Additionally, increased cultivated fear reduced the negative relationship between SFV exposure and self-assurance in the national adult sample. The findings suggest that the concepts of self-assurance, multicultural inclusion tendencies, ethnocentricity, and ethnic-racial salience should inform future SFV studies.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2021-03-04 without embargo termsThe student, Kristopher Weeks, accepted the attached license on 2020-09-30 at 17:20.The student, Kristopher Weeks, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2020-09-30 at 17:38.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2020-10-06 at 09:26.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #15823 on 2021-03-04 at 15:33:59Made available in DSpace on 2021-03-05T21:36:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2020-10-0
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Predictors of Stunting, Wasting and Underweight among Tanzanian Children Born to HIV-Infected Women.
No full textChildren born to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are susceptible to undernutrition, but modifiable risk factors and the time course of the development of undernutrition have not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to identify maternal, socioeconomic and child characteristics that are associated with stunting, wasting and underweight among Tanzanian children born to HIV-infected mothers, followed from 6 weeks of age for 24 months. Maternal and socioeconomic characteristics were recorded during pregnancy, data pertaining to the infant's birth were collected immediately after delivery, morbidity histories and anthropometric measurements were performed monthly. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards methods were used to assess the association between potential predictors and the time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight. A total of 2387 infants (54.0% male) were enrolled and followed for a median duration of 21.2 months. The respective prevalence of prematurity (<37 weeks) and low birth weight (<2500 g) was 15.2% and 7.0%; 11.3% of infants were HIV-positive at 6 weeks. Median time to first episode of stunting, wasting and underweight was 8.7, 7.2 and 7.0 months, respectively. Low maternal education, few household possessions, low infant birth weight, child HIV infection and male sex were all independent predictors of stunting, wasting and underweight. In addition, preterm infants were more likely to become wasted and underweight, whereas those with a low Apgar score at birth were more likely to become stunted. Interventions to improve maternal education and nutritional status, reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV, and increase birth weight may lower the risk of undernutrition among children born to HIV-infected women
An examination of the impact of gender and veteran status on falls among community-dwelling seniors
No full textThe objective of this study was to broaden our understanding of the specific characteristics of community-dwelling seniors who are at increased risk of falling and becoming injured, by paying particular attention to gender and veteran status. The 137 respondents included 69 senior male veterans, and 68 seniors in the general population. Results indicated that the veterans were at higher risk of falling than the general senior population, and were at higher risk of becoming injured after falling. Senior women were at less risk of falling and becoming injured than the veterans, but were at higher risk than the senior nonveteran men. It is imperative to target screening and falls prevention activities at these and other specific subgroups in the senior population that are at high risk of falling and becoming injured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]AN: 25357308Source type: Electronic(1
Ulnar collateral ligament injuries of the thumb- An overview of the injury and treatment
No full textThe everyday experience of living with and managing a neurological condition (the LINC study): study design
No full textBackground: The impact of neurological conditions on individuals, families and society is increasing and having a significant economic impact in Canada. While some economic data is known, the human costs of living with a neurological condition are poorly understood and rarely factored into future burden analyses. The "Living with the Impact of a Neurological Condition (LINC)" study aims to fill this gap. It seeks to understand, for children and adults with neurological conditions, the supports and resources that make everyday life possible and meaningful. Methods/design: The LINC study is a nested study using mixed methods. We are interested in the following outcomes specifically: health status; resource utilization; self-management strategies; and participation. Three studies captured data from multiple sources, in multiple ways and from multiple perspectives. Study One: a populationbased survey of adults (n = 1500), aged 17 and over and parents (n = 200) of children aged 5 to 16 with a neurological condition. Study Two: a prospective cohort study of 140 adults and parents carried out using monthly telephone calls for 10 months; and Study Three: a multiple perspective case study (MPCS) of 12 adults and 6 parents of children with a neurological condition. For those individuals who participate in the MPCS, we will have data from all three studies giving us rich, in depth insights into their daily lives and how they cope with barriers to living in meaningful ways. Discussion: The LINC study will collect, for the first time in Canada, data that reflects the impact of living with a neurological condition from the perspectives of the individuals themselves. A variety of tools will be used in a combination, which is unique and innovative. This study will highlight the commonalities of burden that Canadians living with neurological conditions experience as well as their strategies for managing everyday life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
A database of computer attacks for the evaluation of intrusion detection systems
No full textThesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-124).The 1998 DARPA intrusion detection evaluation created the first standard corpus for evaluating computer intrusion detection systems. This corpus was designed to evaluate both false alarm rates and detection rates of intrusion detection systems using many types of both known and new attacks embedded in a large amount of normal background traffic. The corpus was collected from a simulation network that was used to automatically generate realistic traffic-including attempted attacks. The focus of this thesis is the attacks that were developed for use in the 1998 DARPA intrusion detection evaluation. In all, over 300 attacks were included in the 9 weeks of data collected for the evaluation. These 300 attacks were drawn from 32 different attack types and 7 different attack scenarios. The attack types covered the different classes of computer attacks and included older, well-known attacks, newer attacks that have recently been released to publicly available forums, and some novel attacks developed specifically for this evaluation. The development of a high quality corpus for evaluating intrusion detection systems required not only a variety of attack types, but also required realistic variance in the methods used by the attacker. The attacks included in the 1998 DARPA intrusion detection evaluation were developed to provide a reasonable amount of such variance in attacker methods, Some attacks occur in a single session with all actions occurring in the clear, while others are broken up into several sessions spread out over a long period of time with the attacker taking deliberate steps to minimize the chances of detection by a human administrator or an intrusion detection system. In some attacks, the attacker breaks into a computer system just for fun, while in others the attacker is interested in collecting confidential information or causing damage. In addition to providing detailed descriptions of each attack type, this thesis also describes the methods of stealthiness and the attack scenarios that were developed to provide a better simulation of realistic computer attacks.by Kristopher Kendall.S.B.and M.Eng
Antenatal Screening for Down Syndrome Using Serum Placental Growth Factor with the Combined, Quadruple, Serum Integrated and Integrated Tests
No full textPMCID: PMC3463523This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
State of the protein-synthesizing function of the placenta with premature rupture of membranes
No full textZelynskyy O O, Domakova N V. State of the protein-synthesizing function of the placenta with premature rupture of membranes. Journal of Health Sciences. 2014;4(14):57-62. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X.
http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/article/view/2014%3B4%2814%29%3A57-62
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2014%3B4%2814%29%3A57-62
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/510389
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13272
http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13272
The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1107. (17.12.2013).
© The Author (s) 2014;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Radom University in Radom, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial
use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Conflict of interest: None declared. Received: 15.11.2014. Revised 05.12.2014. Accepted: 08.12.2014.
State of the protein-synthesizing function of the placenta with premature rupture of membranes
Zelynskyy O O, Domakova N V
Odessa State Medical University, Odessa
Abstract
State of the protein-synthesizing function of the placenta with premature rupture of membranes.
Zelynskyy OO, Domakova NV
Odessa State Medical University, Odessa
The aim of the study was to evaluate protein-synthesizing function of the placenta in this category of patients.
The research was performed during the 2005-2011 biennium. On the basis of specialized clinical maternity hospital number 5 (Odesa, Ukraine). A comprehensive prospective randomized clinical and laboratory examination of 217 pregnant women and their newborns. There were analyzed during pregnancy, childbirth and newborn status in pregnant women at term PROM 22-34 weeks of pregnancy.
There was demonstrated that content TBG in serum of women and II group increased significantly compared with the control group at 32-38 weeks of pregnancy. High levels of TBG remained in the period 39-41 weeks, while at physiological indicators of current assessment AMGF, which is a marker of maternal part of the placenta in women II, III clinical and control groups showed that the most unfavorable for the prediction of perinatal pathology is increasing AMGF content like 32-38 weeks and 39-41 in week compared with the control group. The diagnostic and predictive values of the placenta proteins during PROM are discussed.
Key words: premature rupture of membranes, placenta proteins, diagnosis, prognosis.Zelynskyy O O, Domakova N V. State of the protein-synthesizing function of the placenta with premature rupture of membranes. Journal of Health Sciences. 2014;4(14):57-62. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X.
http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/article/view/2014%3B4%2814%29%3A57-62
http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2014%3B4%2814%29%3A57-62
https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/510389
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13272
http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1327
Unique Muscle Strain Masquerading as an Intraarticular Ligamentous Knee Injury in a Female, Collegiate Basketball Player
No full textEdward Rosero, Christiana Care Health System Department of Sports Medicine. [email protected]. (Sponsor: Kristopher Fayock)
HISTORY: 19-year-old female, collegiate basketball player was referred to the sports medicine clinic by the athletic training office. One-day prior, she reported posterior knee pain and inability to fully bear weight immediately after hyperextending her knee while running. She denies feeling a “pop” or a “click.” Several hours after the injury she developed knee swelling and lost ability to fully extend her knee. She denies any paresthesias in the leg.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: Examination in the office was significant for a right knee effusion and pain along the medial aspect of the knee along medial collateral ligament and medial joint line. Pain was reproducible with valgus stress. Range of motion testing revealed a 15-degree extension lag. Ligamentous instability testing was equivocal secondary to pain.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: Medial collateral ligament sprain Medial meniscal tear Anterior cruciate ligament sprain Patella or Quadriceps tendon strain Intraarticular loose body Hamstring strain
TEST RESULTS: MRI of the right knee revealed a moderate strain of the semimembranosus muscle and tendon along the distal aspect of the knee and mild strain of the patellar tendon at the attachment to the lower pole of the patella.
FINAL WORKING DIAGNOSIS: Moderate semimembranosus strain and mild patella tendon strain.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES: Referred for Orthopaedic evaluation, who recommended knee immobilizer and rehabilitation with emphasis on increasing range of motion. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication for pain. After 2 weeks of rehabilitation, she was able to pass all functional tests and was cleared to start non-contact drills and progress activity as tolerated
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Trajectory of Weight Changes in the First 6 Weeks Postpartum
No full textTo determine the trajectory of postpartum weight changes and to examine associations between weight change in the first 6 weeks postpartum and demographic, clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral variables.
Prospective, longitudinal design.
Community hospital and university research setting.
26 low‐income women (9 White, 8 Black, and 9 Hispanic) with uncomplicated term pregnancies.
Body mass index measured weekly.
Among White women, body mass index decreased significantly for the first 3 weeks of the postpartum period. Black women experienced a significant reduction in body mass index for only the first 2 postpartum weeks. Similarly, the postpartum body mass index decreased for the first 2 weeks for Hispanic women. Prepregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain each had a significant positive effect on postpartum body mass index. Perception of social support at 4 weeks had a significant positive effect on postpartum body mass index in Black women.
The trajectory of weight change was nonlinear with large initial weight losses during the first 2 to 3 weeks postpartum followed by weight plateaus for the remainder of the first 6 weeks postpartum
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