6 research outputs found
Stress analysis at bone-implant interface of single- and two-implant-retained mandibular overdenture using three-dimensional finite element analysis
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this research was to compare stress distribution on the bone between single implant-retained and two-implant-retained mandibular overdentures using three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis.
Materials and Methods: Two 3D finite element models were designed. The first model included single implant-supported mandibular overdenture placed in the midline of the mandible while the second model included two-implant-supported mandibular overdenture placed in the intra-foramen region, retained by ball attachment of the same diameter. The bone was modeled on the D2 bone depending on the classification given by Misch. A computed tomography scan of the mandible was used to model the bone by plotting the key points on the graph and generating the identical key points on the ANSYS Software (ANSYS, Inc., USA). The implant was modeled using appropriate dimensions as provided by the manufacturer. Stresses were calculated based on the von Mises criteria.
Results: Stresses produced in the hard bone (HB) and soft bone (SB) were higher in single implant-retained mandibular overdenture while stresses produced around the denture as well as implant were higher in two-implant-retained mandibular overdenture.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, it had been seen that stresses produced were the highest on HB and SB in single implant-retained mandibular overdenture while stresses produced across the denture as well as implant were the highest in two-implant-retained mandibular overdenture
Stress analysis at bone-implant interface of single- and two-implant-retained mandibular overdenture using three-dimensional finite element analysis
No full textPrivacy-Preserving Vehicle Miles Traveled (PPVMT) tax
No full textMotor fuel taxes form a great part of the total revenue collected for the development and maintenance of surface transportation. Gasoline tax payments are becoming a matter of concern as the share of Battery Vehicles (BVs) increases in the market. Those funds need to be collected in some other way in light of the decreased gasoline sales.
In the recent years, a concept of mileage-based tax, called Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) tax, has been developed to address this concern. This approach calculates tax by monitoring vehicle road usage through GPS and odometer data. GPS data determines vehicle's region and the rate per mile to be assessed. The number of miles driven is taken from the odometer.
Collection of fine-grained GPS data is privacy invasive and has been a strong reason against adoption of VMT tax. Coarsening the location dependent data does not help either. Ensuring secure computation of the data, and validation of GPS signals also of prime concern as the user might tamper with the system to report less miles.
We propose Privacy-Preserving Vehicles Miles Traveled (PPVMT) tax based on additive secret-sharing to solve the privacy issues. In our model, the car computes the total miles driven in each (tax jurisdiction) region. The car splits the total miles of each region into random looking numbers which can later be aggregated in a specific manner to determine tax owed by each user and tax share of each region.
We also propose `Car-as-a-Smartphone' model which reasons that features available in a car in the near future will be similar to a current smartphone. To detect system tampering and signal spoofing, we propose validation of the untrusted data from GPS and odometer with inertial motion sensors. We implemented a technique to verify the pattern of location coordinates reported by the GPS in the car from the gyroscope data. The technique raises the cost and the skill required to tamper with the system.Item withdrawn by Laura Spradlin ([email protected]) on 2014-07-22T13:27:56Z
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University of Illinois Theses & Dissertations (ID: 1)
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Adaptation of the human aryl hydrocarbon receptor to sense microbiota-derived indoles
No full textLigand activation of the aryl hydrocarbon (AHR) has profound effects upon the immunological status of the gastrointestinal tract, establishing and maintaining signaling networks, which facilitate host-microbe homeostasis at the mucosal interface. However, the identity of the ligand(s) responsible for such AHR-mediated activation within the gut remains to be firmly established. Here, we combine in vitro ligand binding, quantitative gene expression, protein-DNA interaction and ligand structure activity analyses together with in silico modeling of the AHR ligand binding domain to identify indole, a microbial tryptophan metabolite, as a human-AHR selective agonist. Human AHR, acting as a host indole receptor may exhibit a unique bimolecular (2:1) binding stoichiometry not observed with typical AHR ligands. Such bimolecular indole-mediated activation of the human AHR within the gastrointestinal tract may provide a foundation for inter-kingdom signaling between the enteric microflora and the immune system to promote commensalism within the gut.This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Nature Publishing Group. The published article can be found at: http://www.nature.com/articles/srep1268
Measuring the independence of aircraft accident investigation authorities in ICAO Member States
No full textThis project examines the safety management of civil aircraft accident investigation authorities in International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Member States, with particular emphasis on the independence of the investigations. The research aims to establish the current level of resources and methodology adopted by Member States’ accident investigation authorities. The output of this work not only identifies the current situation but informs initiatives for some of the States in the process of establishing their investigation capability.
ICAO Annex 13 was analysed and found to be based on the principle of independent accident investigations. Also, a four dimensional measuring index (4DMI) has been developed to measure the independence of accident investigations in ICAO Member States. Data were collected from 45 States and are presented in the thesis. As a result of applying the 4DMI to the collected data, the States were ranked according to their scores, and divided into four categories of independence. Analysis of the four categories and the scores from the four dimensions revealed that States approach the concept of investigation independence in different ways; however, there are several practices that are common within the highest independence category and several other practices that are common within the lowest independence category.
The research recommends that States should work towards improving their overall investigation independence by implementing the seven identified practices in the High-Independence category and distance themselves from the five practices identified as common in the Low-Independence category
The multi-factorial aetiology of urogenital carcinoma in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) : a case-control study
No full textCalifornia sea lions (CSLs) have an unusually high occurrence of urogenital cancer (UGC), with studies revealing metastatic carcinoma in 26 % of CSLs admitted to a rehabilitation centre between 1998 and 2012. It is likely that the aetiology of this disease is multi-factorial as genetics, viral infection and exposure to contaminants have been associated with this cancer to date. The goal of this study was to investigate the association of a number of factors using a case-control study design on animals admitted to a rehabilitation centre. The study additionally concentrates on two main areas; (i) genetic factors and (ii) the presence of herpesvirus.
Previous investigations identified cancer to be more likely in animals with specific microsatellite alleles. In the present study genotyping of CSLs at three microsatellite loci revealed that homozygosity at one marker (Pv11) was significantly associated with the presence of the disease. Pv11 was found to be located within a gene called heparanase 2 (HPSE2) and investigations into the expression of its protein revealed differences according to Pv11 genotype.
The presence of herpesvirus was investigated by two PCR methods and identified the gammaherpesvirus OtHV-1. The results of the two methods were contradictory with one method identifying a highly significant relationship between the presence of OtHV-1 and UGC whereas the other did not. Complicating factors such as potential differences in sensitivity of the tests along with the possible presence of closely related viruses or variants of OtHV-1 may explain this.
The availability of necropsy data for the CSLs in the study allowed the inclusion of body condition data in the statistical analysis to evaluate other potential risk factors. Final analysis revealed the presence of three risk factors; Pv11 genotype, OtHV-1 presence and thinner blubber.
This study is the largest study undertaken so far in order to investigate the involvement of risk factors associated with UGC in the CSL and supports a multi-factorial aetiology of this disease
