95 research outputs found
Ligands with Extended π-Systems; Complexation and Reactivity
No full textThe files contain part of the electrochemical, spectroscopic and computational data from the PhD thesis titled:
"Ligands with Extended π-Systems, Complexation and Reactivity"
Author: Lars Killian
Co-promotor: Arnaud Thevenon
Promotor: Pieter C.A. Bruijnincx
Organic Chemistry & Catalysis, Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry
Utrecht Universit
Book Review: David Farrier's Anthropocene Poetics: Deep Time, Sacrifice Zones, and Extinction
Full text linkAbout the Author: Killian Quigley is a postdoctoral researcher at the Sydney Environment Institute, University of Sydney, where he leads the Unsettling Ecological Poetics and Ocean Ontologiesresearch programs. He is the co-editor, with Margaret Cohen, of The Aesthetics of the Undersea(Routledge, 2019). His writings are available and forthcoming from Environmental Humanities, Green Letters, Eighteenth-Century Studies, A Cultural History of the Sea in the Age of Enlightenment, and elsewhere. His book manuscript, Ocean Objects, examines the poetic and aesthetic contours of seascape and the undersea among writers, artists, and scientists of the long eighteenth century in Britain
Efficacy of the Ketogenic Diet in Children with Refractory Epilepsy
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to describe the effectiveness of the ketogenic diet (KD) in reducing or eliminating seizures in children with refractory epilepsy. The clinical problem that directed this evidence-based practice (EBP) change paper was: In children with refractory epilepsy, is the implementation of the KD associated with a reduction or elimination of seizure activity?Winner of the 2021 Friends of the Kreitzberg Library Award for Outstanding Research in the Senior Science/Technical category
The evolution of benefit sharing agreements in Papua New Guinea : what are the lessons learnt and what are the prospects for the future? : a research presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of International Development in Development Studies at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Full text linkWith an abundance of natural resources, the extractive and fishery exploitation at a developed stage, Papua New Guinea (PNG) should have been at the top end of the developing world, however, this has not materialised. PNG is going through the dilemmas of development through high rate of resource exploitation and unequal distribution of benefits that is having detrimental effect on the economy and general living standard. Many have questioned why this situation has existed without being addressed.
It is also acknowledged here that there has been much literature that has been written on the environment and social impacts of resource project, however, there has been little written on the benefits flowing through to those people affected by resource developments. This report attempts to address those benefit sharing issues.
A review of past and current projects and how they distributed benefits has provided a baseline from which the most important elements for future benefit sharing have been identified. These are that BSA are negotiated, legally binding agreements that recognise property rights, are internationally recognised, they allocate and demarcate responsibilities and ensure development coherence. Using these characteristics, a fair and equitable benefit sharing could then be developed for resource projects in Papua New Guinea
Evaluation of Oxetan-3-ol, Thietan-3-ol, and Derivatives Thereof as Bioisosteres of the Carboxylic Acid Functional Group
Full text linkThe oxetane ring serves as an isostere of the carbonyl moiety, suggesting that oxetan-3-ol may be considered as a potential surrogate of the carboxylic acid functional group. To investigate this structural unit, as well as thietan-3-ol and the corresponding sulfoxide and sulfone derivatives, as potential carboxylic acid bioisosteres, a set of model compounds has been designed, synthesized, and evaluated for physicochemical properties. Similar derivatives of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, were also synthesized and evaluated for inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis in vitro. Collectively, the data suggest that oxetan-3-ol, thietan-3-ol, and related structures hold promise as isosteric replacements of the carboxylic acid moiety
Gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional strategies of endurance athletes
Full text linkLower gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common among endurance athletes and can negatively impact training and competition performance. These symptoms are similar to those characteristic of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional GI disorder affecting 10-20% of the U.S. population. A more recent strategy for IBS symptom management involves dietary restriction of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP). Since carbohydrate consumption is typically promoted to improve endurance performance, it is possible that specific carbohydrate types are playing a role in symptom genesis; however, there has been little research in this area to date.
The objectives of this study were to: 1) develop and validate a questionnaire to assess IBS diagnosis, fit to IBS diagnostic criteria, nutritional habits, GI symptoms, and symptom management strategies of endurance athletes, 2) characterize the IBS-related symptoms and treatment of endurance athletes, 3) examine the nutritional habits of endurance athletes from a FODMAP perspective, and 4) examine factors that influence low versus high FODMAP sports nutrition product use by endurance athletes.
A 93-item Endurance Athlete Questionnaire (EAQ) was developed, with content and face validity provided by experts and endurance athletes, respectively. Test-retest reliability was established by target population athletes (participating in a marathon, ultramarathon, half distance triathlon, or full distance triathlon within that year).
A nationwide implementation of the EAQ (n = 430) found that IBS is underdiagnosed, as in the general population. While 2.8% were medically diagnosed, an additional 7.0% met the most commonly used diagnostic criteria at the time (Rome III) and further athletes met previous, less restrictive IBS criteria (Manning). Despite various symptom management strategies, even more athletes than those with IBS experienced at least one symptom at a frequency of sometimes or more during exercise, indicating that IBS and IBS-like symptoms are ineffectively treated.
A portion of the EAQ was also used to examine nutritional habits from a FODMAP perspective. Athletes commonly reported consuming potentially high FODMAP foods during pre-race dinners and breakfasts and more frequent consumption of various categories of sports nutrition products was related to increased symptom frequency. Analysis of the FODMAP content of the most popular beverages, gels, and commercial solid products using standardized methods revealed that many of these products have high FODMAP content, particularly when multiple servings are consumed, which is typical of use during endurance exercise. Habitual FODMAP intake in a sub-set of these athletes, evaluated using a previously validated, FODMAP-specific food frequency questionnaire, was high overall and athletes with various symptoms consumed higher levels of certain FODMAP groups.
Popular gel and solid products with lower FODMAP content received higher overall liking scores in a sensory acceptance test by endurance athletes. Cluster analysis revealed different patterns in overall liking among groups, demonstrating that liking of low FODMAP products was somewhat individualized. The prices and online availability of low FODMAP products were comparable to the higher FODMAP products. While some low FODMAP gels were available at aid stations of popular endurance races, many races provided products of high or unknown FODMAP content.
Overall, findings from this research support the potential application of low FODMAP nutritional interventions among endurance athletes by providing a scope of the symptomatic athletes who may benefit from such dietary manipulations as well as nutritional target areas for future low FODMAP research and practical application by athletes.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Lauren Killian, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-10 at 21:41.The student, Lauren Killian, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-07-10 at 21:52.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-07-12 at 11:19.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14257 on 2019-11-26 at 14:03:48Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:59:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2019-07-12Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113080
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An exploration into the use of online instruction in secondary physical education
Full text linkOnline and blended instruction have emerged as popular teaching methods within the K-12 environment. The asynchronous characteristics of these methods represent potential for overcoming traditional barriers to quality physical education. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: (1) to systematically review literature and commentary related to the use of online instruction in K-12 physical education, (2) to examine secondary physical education teachers’ acceptance and use of online instruction in their classes, and (3) to explore students’ habits of use and perceptions of using online instruction as part of their physical education experience.
The purpose of the systematic, scoping review was to provide a comprehensive overview of research, commentary, and practical articles related to the use of these methods in K-12 physical education. PRISMA-ScR guidelines directed the review, and five databases were searched for English-language articles. A total of 24 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these, 14 were research-based, and 10 were commentary or practical articles. Most related research has been conducted in secondary school environments. Minimal learning-related outcomes were reported across studies. Evidence provided in commentary and practical articles was largely anecdotal and based on research from other subject areas. Therefore, systematic research related to the design, adoption, and implementation of online and blended instruction in physical education is warranted.
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted to understand teachers’ acceptance and use of an online instructional system. Twenty-eight secondary physical education teachers participated in in-depth phone interviews. Main categories were identified following inductive and deductive analysis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as the guiding framework, which served to validate the use of the theory within the secondary physical education context. Teachers noted how the system provided value to their program and teaching by allowing the delivery of added, quality content outside the temporal confines of their classes (Performance Expectancy). They generally expressed efficient and successful implementation, despite limited related experience and professional development (Effort Expectancy). School technology infusion initiatives largely drove the adoption of online learning for most of the participants; however, the reliable support they received from the online system developer was a key influential factor associated with continued use (Facilitating Conditions). Ultimately, price determined sustained use, which was dictated by school administrators (Price Value).
A separate qualitative descriptive study was conducted to understand students’ usage habits and perceptions of the same online physical education instructional system. A total of 37 9th-grade students from one rural school district participated in face-to-face interviews during their physical education classes. Main categories were identified following inductive and deductive analysis, which also used the UTAUT as the guiding framework. Responses indicated students used district provided Chromebooks, likely due to a district policy that inhibits cell phone use during the school day. They completed the online physical education modules whenever and wherever they perceived to have time, which was usually prior to the beginning of the school-day or in study hall. The quality of engagement with the system was low and mostly due to students' viewing their achievement in physical education as a low priority compared to their performance in other classes. A key contributing factor to students' low perception of the system was a perceived disconnect between movement-based physical education and the required sedentary online learning experiences. It was clear students did not understand why they needed to engage with online learning as part of their physical education course. One possible explanation for students’ lack of clarity regarding the purpose and value of the supplementary instruction may be limited teacher involvement with the system, as expressed by students.
Overall findings of this research support the potential for physical education teacher acceptance and use of supplemental online instruction in combination with their traditional physical education curriculum. Student acceptance and use may be related to overall perceptions of the value of physical education and may be influenced by teacher implementation procedures or lack thereof. Further research into student and teacher acceptance and use of online learning in physical education within different contexts and with different online instructional systems is warranted.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Chad Killian, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-08 at 12:00.The student, Chad Killian, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-07-08 at 12:10.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-07-09 at 15:45.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14195 on 2019-11-26 at 13:04:37Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4
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Previous issue date: 2019-07-09Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112936
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Soft Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning for Fault Tolerant Flight Control
No full textFault-tolerant flight control faces challenges, as developing a model-based controller for each unexpected failure is unrealistic, and online learning methods can handle limited system complexity due to their low sample efficiency. In this research, a model-free coupled-dynamics flight controller for a jet aircraft able to withstand multiple failure types is proposed. An offline trained cascaded Soft Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning controller is successful on highly coupled maneuvers, including a coordinated 40 degree bank climbing turn with a normalized Mean Absolute Error of 2.64%. The controller is robust to six failure cases, including the rudder jammed at -15 deg, the aileron effectiveness reduced by 70%, a structural failure, icing and a backward c.g. shift as the response is stable and the climbing turn is completed successfully. Robustness to biased sensor noise, atmospheric disturbances, and to varying initial flight conditions and reference signal shapes is also demonstrated.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Control & Simulatio
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Flight Control: Fault-Tolerant Control for the PH-LAB
No full textFault-tolerant flight control faces challenges as developing a model-based controller for each unexpected failure is unrealistic, and online learning methods can handle limited system complexity due to their low sample efficiency. In this research, a model-free coupled-dynamics flight controller for a jet aircraft able to withstand multiple failure types is proposed. An offline-trained cascaded Soft Actor-Critic Deep Reinforcement Learning controller is successful on highly coupled maneuvers, including high-bank coordinated climbing turns. The controller is robust to six unforeseen failure cases, including the rudder jammed at -15°, the aileron effectiveness reduced by 70%, a structural failure, icing and a backward c.g. shift as the response is stable and the climbing turn is completed successfully. Robustness to biased sensor noise, atmospheric disturbances, and to varying initial flight conditions and reference signal shapes is also demonstrated.Aerospace Engineering | Control & Simulatio
Inherently balanced spherical pantograph-based mechanisms
No full textDynamic balancing can offer significant benefits to applications where moving parts are present. It aims to reduce the reaction forces and moments due to inertia of the parts, thereby reducing vibrations. Dynamic balancing receives significant academic interest for planar and spatial applications, but limited attention for spherical mechanisms. This leads to the following goal of this thesis: Present novel force balanced spherical mechanisms design using inherent balancing planar pantograph theory for use in micro precision applications.To achieve this goal, the thesis has been divided into three sub goals. First is defining the qualitative benefit of dynamic balancing for applications requiring micro-precision. This qualitative analysis looked into six different 'high speed precise' applications with motion and determined a potentially significant benefit exists for applications such as (space) telescopes, space manipulation, additive manufacturing, motions stages and beam steering. Engines and drives require new balancing methods to achieve significant benefit. However, the analysis also showed that many different aspects other then inertia also influence precision, thereby potentially reducing the gained benefit in precision. This is due to the addition of extra components or mass in most common dynamic balancing methods.The second goal presents five new shaking force balanced spherical mechanisms using inherent balancing theory. Here the planar knowledge of inherently balanced shapes such as the pantograph as well as the use of projections are used to design three novel types of balanced spherical pantographs, namely the spherical pantograph, double spherical pantograph and the double S shaped mechanism with surrounding 4R four-bar linkage. Also, two additional variations of the spherical pantograph and the double spherical pantograph are presented, which leads to a total of five new designs. Each design has its required constraints and available design freedom described. Also, the balance conditions for the double spherical pantograph are presented. The last goal shows ten novel force balanced remote center mechanisms, using the three types of inherently balanced spherical pantographs. These remote center mechanisms are either using a swivel joint or are a combination of spherical pantographs to form a parallel manipulator. This allows all end effectors to show spherical movement, around a fixed Center of Rotation. The pros and cons as well as feasible variations and constraints are also discussed. To show the use case of a force balanced remote center mechanism, a realistic design has been made for a beam steering application, where a mirror can perform a tip/tilt movement around a shared center of rotation. The mechanism uses three scaled shifted double spherical pantographs as legs to form a parallel manipulator, with a mirrored surfaced attached to the end effector and positioned in the center of rotation.Mechanical Engineerin
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