74,908 research outputs found
Revolutionizing support for hospitalized Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smokers
No full textStewart S, Marlow N, Chong A, Esterman A, Kopsaftis Z, Sharrad K, Crozier A, Gwilt I, Smith R, Veale A, Brinn M, Carson-Chahhoud
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Final word on Jersey Dutch
No full textIn this article, William Z. Shetter compares and contrasts the dialects that developed between different Dutch colonies in the New World. He explores in-depth the nuances of Jersey Dutch, and provides theories to explain how Dutch and colonial languages blended. The article is reprinted from American Speech, December 1958, Volum XXXIII, No. 4
Highly acceptable new culturally tailored smoking cessation resources for clinicians
No full textAbstract number T) 110Health professionals have an important role to play in smoking cessation, having the opportunity to counsel patients at a time when smoking may have contributed to their presenting condition. Unfortunately, they are often reluctant to counsel Aboriginal smokers due to lack of confi- dence in their skills and perceived low probability of success. To address these issues, we co-designed evidence-based resources with hospital-based health professionals, to produce a resource that could be used to encourage offers of quit smoking support for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander smokers.Stewart S, Marlow N, Chong A, Esterman A, Kopsaftis Z, Sharrad K, Crozier A, Gwilt I, Smith R, Veale A, Brinn M, Carson-Chahhoud
Qualitative Study Protocol: Augmented Reality Technology to Deliver Asthma Inhaler Technique Training for Children and Adolescents With Asthma
No full textAsthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways with a heterogenous symptom profile. When symptoms are poorly controlled and frequent, asthma sufferers are impacted regularly, with limitations on physical activities and sleep disturbances, significantly impairing quality of life. Asthma is highly prevalent and the leading cause of disease burden in young people. Those aged 0–14 contribute to over half of the asthma hospitalisations within Australia. Asthma education and self-management remains a key component of care; however, challenges remain in the paediatric population with difficulties of engagement. Augmented reality (AR) may provide a novel and effective solution with its ability to superimpose virtual objects into a realworld setting. Using a smartphone or tablet to deliver AR makes this modality accessible to much of the population. AR is a growing field in technology and has already established uses in education and training. The ability to increase motivation, enhance enjoyment and encourage faster concept understanding in the educational setting is encouraging and supports our proposal that AR technology can provide a generation appropriate education delivery modality for young people with asthma. To ensure successful implementation of an AR asthma educational resource on a large scale, the usability, acceptability, barriers and enablers of its use must be investigated. Using an iterative co-design process, an asthma resource utilising AR to deliver education on inhaler technique will be created. Qualitative research will be undertaken using semi-structured interviews with moderator guides to obtain mixed-method data on the AR resource. Participants will be key members of the asthma community including children and adolescents with asthma (8–17 years old), caregivers of children and adolescents with asthma, and health professionals. Understanding the usability, acceptability, barriers and enablers of the AR resource will enable us to improve our alpha version and test an optimal version in a planned feasibility study.Antonia O'Connor, Andrew Tai, Zoe Kopsaftis, and Kristin Carson-Chahhou
Mixed reality technology as a delivery mechanism for psychological intervention in adolescents with asthma: a qualitative protocol
No full textAustralia has one of the highest asthma prevalence rates in the world, with this chronic and debilitating condition affecting one in nine people. The health and mental wellbeing of young people with asthma are worse than not only their peers without asthma but also worse than that of people with asthma at other ages. Psychological interventions could be beneficial in treating symptoms of elevated psychological distress in patients with asthma. However, evidence suggests that engagement with mental health services is low in this population. Technology-based solutions that engage youth may overcome barriers to service uptake for both mental health and asthma management. To fast-track the successful translation of evidence-based treatment into practice, interactive, mixed-reality technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and holographic technology may provide a novel, low-cost solution, yet to date, methodological rigor in the evaluation of mixed reality for this purpose is lacking. To evaluate the perceived usability and acceptability of these technologies, mixed reality tools will be developed by the author team to deliver a component of a psychological intervention for treatment of elevated psychological distress among young people with asthma. Qualitative research will be conducted through one-on-one interviews with young people with asthma, parents/caregivers of young people with asthma, and with health professionals, during which participants will have time to interact with the resources. Moderator guides will be used to direct interviews, and will be supplemented with a questionnaire, including Likert-type measures of usability and acceptability to facilitate triangulation of data. Understanding and data obtained through this study will be used to develop version 2.0 mixed reality tools, which will be tested for feasibility in a RCT. Improving access to and uptake of evidence-based treatments for elevated psychological distress in young people with asthma may reduce the burden of this highly prevalent disease.Kelsey Sharrad, Zoe Kopsaftis, Andrew Tai, Nicola Spurrier, Ross Smith, Adrian Esterman, Ian Gwilt, Helen Stallman, and Kristin Carson-Chahhou
Logarithmic variance profiles and the corresponding f-1 spectra of temperature fluctuations in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection
No full textWe report experimental results for the temperature variance 2(z) and the corresponding frequency spectra P(f) in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in a cylindrical sample of aspect ratioT= D/L = 1:00 (D = 1:12 m is the diameter and L = 1:12 m the height). The measurements were conducted in the Rayleigh-number range 1011 < Ra < 1:35 1014 and Pr ' 0:8. For Ra = 1:35x1014, 2(z) could be described well by a logarithmic dependence on the vertical position z in a range of z 1 < z < z 2 with z 1 ' 70 and z 2 = 0:1L. Here L=(2Nu) is the thickness of a thin thermal sublayer adjacent to the horizontal plate where the heat flux (denoted by the Nusselt number Nu) is carried mostly by thermal diffusion. In the log layer, we found that the temperature spectra had a significant frequency range over which P(f) f with close to 1. As Ra decreased, increased so that the log layer became thinner. At Ra = 2:05 1011, z 2 < z 1 and therefore there was no range for a log layer. Correspondingly, the temperature spectrum near the horizontal plate did not have the f1 scaling form either
Statistics of the subgrid scales after the shock-turbulence interaction
No full textThe interaction of a normal shock with isotropic turbulence (IT) represents a basic problem for studying some of the phenomena associated with high speed flows, such as hypersonic flight, supersonic combustion and Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF). In general, in practical applications, the shock width is much smaller than the turbulence scales and the upstream turbulent Mach number is modest. In this case, recent high resolution shock-resolved Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) (Ryu and Livescu, J. Fluid Mech., 756, R1, 2014) show that the interaction can be described by the Linear Interaction Approximation (LIA). By using LIA to alleviate the need to solve the shock, DNS post-shock data can be generated at much higher Reynolds numbers than previously possible. Here, such results with Taylor Reynolds number around are used to investigate the properties of the subgrid scales (SGS). In particular, it is shown that the shock interaction decreases the asymmetry of the SGS dissipation PDF as the shock Mach number increases, with a significant enhancement in size of the regions and magnitude of backscatter
Transition to turbulence in a qblique shock-wave/boundary-layer interaction at M=15
No full textDirect numerical simulations are carried out for different forcing techniques to trigger transition during the interaction between an oblique shock-wave and a laminar boundary-layer at M = 1.5. Three forcing methods are used: a) forcing of oblique unstable modes, whose shape and behaviour are determined by the local linear stability theory, b) broadband free-stream acoustic disturbances, and c) a cold plasma flow control device. While the oblique-mode breakdown is dominant for low-amplitude forcing, long streaky structures drive the transition process in a high-amplitude disturbance environment. LES are also performed on the experimental setup by the Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ITAM) from Novosibirsk State University with cold plasma actuation. As well as the disturbance type, the effect of Reynolds number and forcing amplitude will be investigated
Triangular Constellations in Flows
No full textParticles advected on the surface of a fluid can exhibit fractal clustering. The local structure of a fractal set is described by its dimension , which is the exponent of a power-law relating the mass in a ball to its radius : . It is desirable to characterise the {\em shapes} of constellations of points sampling a fractal measure, as well as their masses. The simplest example is the distribution of shapes of triangles formed by triplets of points, which we investigate for fractals generated by chaotic dynamical systems. The most significant parameter describing the triangle shape is the ratio of its area to the radius of gyration squared. We show that the probability density of has a phase transition: is independent of and approximately uniform below a critical flow compressibility , which we estimate. For the distribution appears to be described by two power laws: when , and when
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