44 research outputs found
Translating biomedical research data to knowledge through bioinformatics
No full textIn this dissertation, we present the application of biomedical informatics, including data mining and knowledge discovery, to extract knowledge from genomics, transcriptomics, and clinical data. To improve our understanding of biomedical problems such as infectious disease and addiction research, we have successfully applied next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques to generate both transcriptomics and genomics data. First, through the investigation of transcriptomics data on rats in environmentally enriched and isolated conditions, we concluded that the pathways of retinoic acid receptor activation, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 signaling, and protein ubiquitination play significant roles in addictive behavior and thus direct our focus on individual differences in susceptibility to addiction. Second, through mining Syrian golden hamster transcriptomics data during visceral leishmaniasis, we discovered that splenic macrophages experienced mixed classic and alternative polarization/activation and whole spleen tissue experienced massive inflammatory response during visceral leishmaniasis. We proposed several mechanisms to understand the pathogenesis of L. donovani. Additionally, we investigated genomics data of several Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus mutants and showed that the replication fidelity of Tc-83 can be increased by incorporating point mutations at the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase region. These findings should accelerate the development of a new live attenuated vaccine for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.
In addition to the NGS data mining and knowledge discovery, we developed a novel ensemble data analysis method to improve the predictive ability of classic bagging and AdaBoost methods. By evaluating forty-one online datasets, we demonstrate the ability of our ensemble method in increasing predictive accuracy, which could be particularly useful for identifying novel diagnostic biomarker panels. Furthermore, we assessed two different intervention strategies for schistosomiasis using the meta-analysis method and demonstrated that implementation of the new integrated strategy reduces the infection risk by ~3–4 times compared to the conventional strategy. This approach is applicable to evaluate any new prevention, diagnosis, or treatment strategy
The coastline remote sensing survey for Zhao Shu Island in Xisha Islands based on WorldView-2
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Spectroscopic ellipsometry of electrochemical precipitation and oxidation of nickel hydroxide films
No full textObjective Estimation of Tropical Cyclone Intensity from Active and Passive Microwave Remote Sensing Observations in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean
No full textA method of estimating tropical cyclone (TC) intensity based on Haiyang-2A (HY-2A) scatterometer, and Special Sensor Microwave Imager and Sounder (SSMIS) observations over the northwestern Pacific Ocean is presented in this paper. Totally, 119 TCs from the 2012 to 2017 typhoon seasons were selected, based on satellite-observed data and China Meteorological Administration (CMA) TC best track data. We investigated the relationship among the TC maximum-sustained wind (MSW), the microwave brightness temperature (TB), and the sea surface wind speed (SSW). Then, a TC intensity estimation model was developed, based on a multivariate linear regression using the training data of 96 TCs. Finally, the proposed method was validated using testing data from 23 other TCs, and its root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and bias were 5.94 m/s, 4.62 m/s, and −0.43 m/s, respectively
Knowledge Diffusion on Community Network —the Angle of Absorptive Ability and Diffused Ability
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Characterization of the SEI on a carbon film electrode by combinedEQCM and spectroscopic ellipsometry
No full textThe electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) andcyclic voltammetry have been applied simultaneously to characterizeelectron-beam deposited carbon film electrodes in LiClO4 orLiPF6-containing mixed electrolytes of ethylene carbonate (EC) anddimethyl carbonate (DMC). The structure of the carbon electrode was foundto be amorphous/disordered using Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetryin LiClO4 / EC+DMC demonstrated features typical of Liintercalation/deintercalation into/from the disordered carbon electrode,and EQCM showed a corresponding mass increase/decrease. Contrary to thecase of LiClO4 / EC+DMC electrolyte, LiPF6/EC+DMC electrolyte showed noLi deintercalation out of the thin-film carbon electrode. Combined EQCMand spectroscopic ellipsometry data were compared, and the solidelectrolyte interphase density after the first cycle in LiClO4 /EC+DMCwas estimated to be 1.3 g/cm3
