43 research outputs found
The Effect Of Reverberation Time and Signal-To-Noise Ratio On Word Recognition Scores By Adults And Children In Classrooms
No full textBu makale, sınıflarda yetişkinler ve çocuklar için reverberasyon süresi değerlerinin, reverberasyon süresinin frekans aralıklarındaki dağılımının ve sinyal-gürültü oranının konuşmanın anlaşılabilirliğine olan etkisini Türkçe fonetik dengeli tek heceli kelime ayırt etme testleriyle belirlemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Öncelikle, her biri 25 öğeden oluşan 2 takım fonetik dengeli tek heceli Türkçe kelime tam yansımasız bir odada kaydedildi. Kayıtların işitselleştirmeleri akustik bir simülasyon yazılımında tipik bir sınıf için 0,8 saniye (500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz ortalaması), 0,4 saniye (500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz ortalaması) ve 0,4 saniye (125–4000 Hz) olmak üzere üç farklı reverberasyon süresi ve iki farklı sinyal-gürültü oranı (0 dB ve 15 dB) için geliştirildi. Üç farklı reverberasyon süresi ve iki farklı sinyal-gürültü oranına sahip altı modeldeki işitselleştirmelerden geliştirilen dinleme testleri, normal işitme yeteneğine sahip genç yetişkinlere ve çocuklara dinletildi. Sonuçlar, 0 dB ve 15 dB olarak her iki sinyal-gürültü oranı için reverberasyon süresi 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz ortalaması olarak 0,8 saniyeden 0,4 saniyeye düştüğü zaman, konuşmayı ayırt etme yüzdelerinin yetişkinlerde de çocuklarda da arttığını göstermektedir. Ancak 0 dB sinyal-gürültü durumunda reverberasyon süresi 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz ortalaması olarak 0,4 saniyeden 125 Hz – 4000 Hz oktav bantlarının her birinde 0,4 saniye civarına düştüğü zaman yetişkinlerin konuşmayı ayırt etme oranında kayde değer bir iyileşme olmazken, çocukların kelime ayırt etme oranlarının önemli derecede arttığı gözlemlenmiştir. 15 dB sinyal-gürültü oranı için ise 125 Hz – 4000 Hz oktav bantlarının her birinde 0,4 saniye elde edildiği durumun yetişkinlerde de çocuklarda da konuşma anlaşılabilirliğine önemli bir etkisi görülmemektedir
Blending science and art: An educational perspective
No full textArt and design education enable students to find creative and logical solutions to various design problems. The use of materials, constructive analysis, craftmanship, and originality are some key criteria in the process. Size and dimensionality, the proportion analysis, expression integrity, substantiality, and presentability can vary depending on the project and the context. As one of the methods used to provide targeted experience and learning in art and design education, interdisciplinary work presents a right ground for complex design issues. The workshop we carried out together with the Tubitak National Metrology Institution (UME) named “Art’s Metrology, Metrology’s Art” aimed to transform art, design, and science together into a product. As rational, natural, and appropriate connections can be established between art and science, students were asked to develop a method to meet the objectives and criteria of both around a certain conceptual focus. An important inclusive of the workshop was to have students observe, get informed, and engage in dialogue and ultimately increase their curiosity about a certain mechanism outside of their studies. The group dynamic in the process of creating three-dimensional and displayable works within a scheduled time was supported by a scientist from the metrology department, three art and design instructors, Konca Şaher, Nur Balkır, and Gürkan Mıhçı from Kadir Has University. The finished works were then exhibited in the Tubitak-UME in Gebze compound. This study, which blends science and art, provided students with the opportunity to experiment with a science field, and to develop their predictions about their own disciplines. The paper will present the development and the outcome of the workshop
Blending science and art: An educational perspective
No full textArt and design education enable students to find creative and logical solutions to various design problems. The use of materials, constructive analysis, craftmanship, and originality are some key criteria in the process. Size and dimensionality, the proportion analysis, expression integrity, substantiality, and presentability can vary depending on the project and the context. As one of the methods used to provide targeted experience and learning in art and design education, interdisciplinary work presents a right ground for complex design issues. The workshop we carried out together with the Tubitak National Metrology Institution (UME) named “Art’s Metrology, Metrology’s Art” aimed to transform art, design, and science together into a product. As rational, natural, and appropriate connections can be established between art and science, students were asked to develop a method to meet the objectives and criteria of both around a certain conceptual focus. An important inclusive of the workshop was to have students observe, get informed, and engage in dialogue and ultimately increase their curiosity about a certain mechanism outside of their studies. The group dynamic in the process of creating three-dimensional and displayable works within a scheduled time was supported by a scientist from the metrology department, three art and design instructors, Konca Şaher, Nur Balkır, and Gürkan Mıhçı from Kadir Has University. The finished works were then exhibited in the Tubitak-UME in Gebze compound. This study, which blends science and art, provided students with the opportunity to experiment with a science field, and to develop their predictions about their own disciplines. The paper will present the development and the outcome of the workshop
The Effect of Reverberation Time and Signal-to-Noise Ratio On Word Recognition Scores By Adults and Children in Classrooms
No full textThis paper seeks to assess the effect of reverberation time, distribution of reverberation time over the frequency range and signal-to-noise ratio on speech intellibility by adults and children in classrooms by the use of phonetically balanced monosyllabic Turkish word recognition tests. Two sets of 25-items phonetically balanced monosyllabic Turkish words were recorded in a full anechoic chamber. Auralizations of the recordings were developed in an acoustic simulation software for a range of reverberation time of 0,8 seconds (average of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz), 0,4 seconds (average of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz) and 0,4 seconds (125-4000 Hz) and two signal-to-noise ratios of 0 dB and 15dB in a typical classroom. Listening tests developed from auralizations were presented to adults and children. The results show that when reverberation time (average of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ve 2000 Hz) is reduced from 0.8 seconds to 0.4 seconds for both signal-to-noise ratios of 0 dB and 15 dB, the percentage of speech recognition scores increases in both adults and children. However, in case of 0 dB signal-to-noise, when the reverberation time falls from 0.4 seconds (average of 500 Hz, 1000 Hz ye 2000 Hz) to 0.4 seconds (125-4000 Hz) while there is no significant improvement in the word recognition scores by adults, there is a significant improvement in childrens' scores. For the 15 dB signal-to-noise ratio case, reverberation time of 0,4 seconds (125 - 4000 Hz) does not have a notable impact on word recognition scores for both children and adults
Investigation of room acoustic properties for clarinet and piano in recording studios
No full textThe room acoustic properties of the recording studios are one of the main factors when assessing the quality of sound in CD production. The room acoustical properties of the recording studios are described with reverberation time and the frequency response of the room. This paper investigates the reverberation time and frequency response requirement of the recording studios for recording of clarinet and piano. Three different reverberation time is achieved for two types of volumes by altering the absorption characteristics of the materials in a computer model. The anechoic recordings of the instruments are convolved in the computer model. In total twelve convolutions for three different RT values in two types of volumes are done. The convolutions are listened by the subjects who are tone-meisters .The subjects are asked to assess the quality of the sound for the 'record' and the 'mix'. They prefer the small rooms with higher absorption amount and an increasing frequency response for the 'record'. The large rooms with lower absorption and a decreasing frequency response are preferred for the 'mix'. When piano and clarinet is compared it is seen that piano recording needs higher RT and more or less flat frequency response
Assessment of speech intelligibility during different teaching activities in classrooms with and without acoustic treatment
No full textThere is limited data for assessing speech intelligibility in real classrooms with realistic occupied noise levels and teacher's and students' speech levels for different teaching activities in Turkish secondary school classrooms. This study investigates the effect of reverberation time (RT), occupied noise levels and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on speech transmission index (STI) in real classrooms for instruction and group work. Noise levels were measured and STI values were calculated in two secondary school classrooms with RT of 0.88 s and 2.73 s. During instruction situation, calculated mean STI values were 0.63 (classroom with acoustic treatment) and 0.29 (classroom without acoustic treatment) for normal voice effort and 0.65 (classroom with acoustic treatment) and 0.39 (classroom without acoustic treatment) for raised voice effort. During group work, STI values ranged from 0.50 to 0.74 in classroom with acoustic treatment and from 0.01 to 0.34 in classroom without any acoustic treatment. SNR of 15 dBA is only approached in classroom with acoustic treatment during instruction situation. The effect of increasing SNR on STI is prominent in the classroom without acoustic treatment which already has low SNR values. The present results show that the classroom with acoustic treatment will have good speech intelligibility for instruction with normal vocal effort and for group work with raised vocal effort at 3 m distance. However, the classroom with no acoustic treatment will have STI values in the range of bad and poor intelligibility. The present results confirm the impact of SNR and RT on speech intelligibility and shows that RT value of minimum 0.8 s is optimal to have good speech intelligibility in a secondary school classroom of approximately 250 m3 with a capacity of 18 students."Noise Pollution in School: Causes, Effects, and its Control
Blending Science and Art: an Educational Perspective
No full textrt and design education enable students to find creative and logical solutions to various design problems. The use of materials, constructive analysis, craftmanship, and originality are some key criteria in the process. Size and dimensionality, the proportion analysis, expression integrity, substantiality, and presentability can vary depending on the project and the context. As one of the methods used to provide targeted experience and learning in art and design education, interdisciplinary work presents a right ground for complex design issues. The workshop we carried out together with the Tubitak National Metrology Institution (UME) named "Art's Metrology, Metrology's Art" aimed to transform art, design, and science together into a product. As rational, natural, and appropriate connections can be established between art and science, students were asked to develop a method to meet the objectives and criteria of both around a certain conceptual focus.
An important inclusive of the workshop was to have students observe, get informed, and engage in dialogue and ultimately increase their curiosity about a certain mechanism outside of their studies. The group dynamic in the process of creating three-dimensional and displayable works within a scheduled time was supported by a scientist from the metrology department, three art and design instructors, Konca Saher, Nur Balkir, and Gurkan Mihci from Kadir Has University. The finished works were then exhibited in the Tubitak-UME in Gebze compound.
This study, which blends science and art, provided students with the opportunity to experiment with a science field, and to develop their predictions about their own disciplines. The paper will present the development and the outcome of the workshop
How does Architecture Sound for Different Musical Instrument Performances?
No full textThis paper discusses how consideration of sound _in particular a specific musical instrument_ impacts the design of a room. Properly designed architectural acoustics is fundamental to improve the listening experience of an instrument in rooms in a conservatory. Six discrete instruments (violin, clarinet, trumpet, xylophone, piano, and guitar) and a choir performance are designated for assessment. The range of reverberation time is defined as a starting acoustical consideration and the range of the floor area is defined as a starting architectural consideration. Different absorption materials and different ceiling heights are applied within the defined range of the floor area. The rooms are simulated with the architectural variables (floor area, ceiling height and absorption). The anechoic recordings of the instruments and choir are used to prepare auralizations of each instrument and the choir performance for each separate room design. Thus, the listening experience is simulated in all different rooms. Subjective assessment is done by listening tests prepared from the auralizations. The subjects are asked for their preference of the room for each type of the instrument and the choir. A rank order of different designs for rooms is obtained for each instrument and the choir performance. The appropriate reverberation time and the most preferable rooms are demonstrated. The information derived is useful to know how many different rooms are necessary in a conservatory. This might lead to a grouping among different instruments and the choir experience that could fit into same category of room. For all calculations and the auralizations, a computational model is used: ODEON 7.0
