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Ophiacantha brevispina Koehler 1898
No full textErroneous— <i>Ophiacantha brevispina</i> Koehler, 1898 Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Ophiacantha brevispina</i> Koehler, 1898 — Bartsch 1987: 120–121, figs. 16, 17.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Bay of Biscay (46°27’00″N, 4°09’46″W).</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1898: 56–57, pl. 8, figs. 43, pl. 9, fig. 44).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> Northeast Atlantic, from the Bay of Biscay to Dakar in Senegal (Koehler 1898, Bartsch 1987), including Madeira (Jesus & Abreu 1998).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 90–417 m (Bartsch 1987).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft sediment, sand to muddy sand (Cadenat 1938).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> few specimens of <i>Ophiacantha brevispina</i> have been found since Koehler (1898) described this species. Cadenat (1938) identified numerous animals from an area that the author referred as Cape Blanc and Cape Verde as <i>Ophiacantha</i> sp., though none of the specimens came from the later archipelago but from Dakar. Regardless Cadenat remarked that these brittle stars were quite close to what Koehler described as <i>Ophiacantha brevispina</i>. Later, Bartsch (1987) recorded <i>O</i>. <i>brevispina</i> from the same region as the previous author. Bartsch erroneously listed the Azores under geographical range of this species (citing Cadenat 1938), mistaking the Cape Verde Islands with the Azores.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Ophiacantha aristata Koehler 1895
No full text<i>Ophiacantha aristata</i> Koehler, 1895c Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Ophiacantha aristata</i> Koehler, 1895 c— $ Koehler 1896a: 212, 1898: 55, 1906b: 288–289, 1909: 183, pl. 26, figs. 5–6, 1921a: 2; Mortensen 1927a: 191, 193–194, fig. 107; Grieg 1932: 38; Nobre 1938: 76–77; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 49.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Bay of Biscay.</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1896c: 81–86, figs. 43, 44); Rodrigues <i>et al</i>. (2011: 7, fig. 2).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> Northeast Atlantic, from the Reykjanes Ridge (S of Iceland; Copley <i>et al</i>. 1996) and British Isles to NW Africa (Paterson 1985), including the Azores and Canaries (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 658– 1,805 m (Copley <i>et al</i>. 1996); AZO: 1,095 –1,740 m (Koehler 1909, 1921a).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft bottoms, mud to sand (Koehler 1909) and on corals (Rodrigues <i>et al</i>. 2011).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> Koehler (1896a, 1898, 1906b, 1909, 1921a) recorded <i>Ophiacantha aristata</i> among the material collected by the main oceanographic cruises crossing the Azorean archipelago waters at the time (<i>Hirondelle</i>, <i>Talisman</i>, <i>Princesse Alice</i>). This species is only known in the archipelago from Koehler’s historical reports.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Amphiura richardi $ Koehler 1896
No full text<i>Amphiura richardi</i> Koehler, 1896b Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Amphiura richardi</i> $ Koehler, 1896b: 245–246, 1909: 178–179, pl. 27, figs. 1–2; Mortensen 1927a: 209; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 49.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Azores (38°26’00”N, 26°30’45”W).</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1909); Paterson (1985: 88).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> Northeast Atlantic; a rare species known from the Bay of Biscay (Cherbonnier 1970) to the Azores (Koehler 1909) and? Canary Islands (Paterson 1985).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 850– 1,494 m (Koehler 1909, Cherbonnier 1970); AZO: 1,165 –1,494 m (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft to hard substrate (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> based on <i>Talisman</i> and <i>Travailleur</i> historical reports (<i>e.g</i>. Koehler 1906b, Perrier 1894), Paterson (1985) record of <i>A. richardi</i> from the Moroccan waters is erroneous, likely due to mislabelling. We believe that Paterson examined the same specimen reported by Koehler (1896b) from Bay of Biscay (<i>Travailleur</i>, sta 39, 1881: 44°05’N, 7°05’26”W). In contrast, we could not trace the original material on which Paterson (1985) based his record from the Canaries.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Ophiacantha simulans Koehler 1895
No full text<i>Ophiacantha simulans</i> Koehler, 1895c Reports for the Azores: <p> non <i>Ophiacantha composita</i> Koehler, 1897 a— $ Koehler 1909: 185 [misidentification]; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 49 [based on Koehler 1909];</p> <p> <i>Ophiacantha simulans</i> Koehler, 1895 c—Gage <i>et al</i>. 1983: 291; Paterson 1985: 39–40, fig. 17; Martynov & Litvinova 2008: 96, fig. 11B; Smirnov <i>et al</i>. 2014: 196.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Bay of Biscay.</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1895c: 465–467; fig. 7; 1896c: 82–84); Mortensen (1933a: 26–29, figs. 11, 12, pl. 3, figs. 5–6); Paterson (1985).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> North Atlantic, from off North Carolina eastwards to Iceland in the North (Gage <i>et al</i>. 1983), southwards to off Morocco (Bartsch 1987) including the archipelagos of the Azores and Canaries (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 1,480–3,018 m (Mortensen 1933a); AZO: 1,919–3,018 m (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft substrates, mud to muddy sand and corals (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> Koehler (1906b, 1909) reported small animals collected by the <i>Talisman</i>, <i>Travailleur</i> and <i>Princesse Alice</i> in the Bay of Biscay, Canaries and the Azores, which he believed to be <i>Ophiacantha composita</i>, a species he described for the Indian Ocean. Mortensen (1933a) disagreed with Koehler stating that the NE Atlantic animals were <i>O. simulans</i>. Paterson (1985) re-examined the material from the <i>Talisman</i> and <i>Travailleur</i> collected in the Bay of Biscay and agreed with Mortensen, assigning Koehler’s <i>Ophiacantha composita</i> specimens from the Atlantic to <i>O. simulans</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Ophiomitrella cordifera Koehler 1896
No full text<i>Ophiomitrella cordifera</i> Koehler, 1896b Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Ophiomitra cordifera</i> <b></b> Koehler, 1896b: 250–251, 1909: 192–193, pl. 29, figs. 1–2; Mortensen 1933a: 40–41; $ Paterson 1985: 72–73, fig. 28;</p> <p> non <i>Ophiomitrella clavigera</i> (Ljungman, 1865) — Mortensen 1927a: 186–187, fig. 103 [based on invalid synonymy]; Marques 1980: 102 [based on Mortensen 1927a]; Paterson 1985: 71, fig. 28 [based on Mortensen 1927a]; Harvey <i>et al</i>. 1988: 170 [based on Paterson 1985]; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 49 [based on Mortensen 1927a].</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Azores (38°52’45”N, 28°06’00”W).</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1896b, 1909); Paterson (1985).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> known only from the Azores and Canaries (Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 1,143–1,530 m (AZO: 1,143 m; Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft bottoms (mud and sand; Koehler 1909).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> Mortensen (1920, 1927a) believed that <i>Ophiomitrella cordifera</i> described by Koehler (1896b) from the Azores was conspecific with the <i>O. clavigera</i> (Ljungman, 1865). However, on re-examination of the type material, Mortensen (1933a) reinstated <i>O. cordifera</i> as a valid species. Paterson (1985) agreed, but for some unknown reason kept the Azores under the geographical distribution of both species. We could not find any valid record of <i>O. clavigera</i> in the Azores, which led us to believe that Paterson’s (1985) account for the archipelago was a mistake resulting from the historical synonymy of the two species.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Sperosoma grimaldii $ Koehler 1897
No full text<i>Sperosoma grimaldii</i> Koehler, 1897b Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Sperosoma grimaldii</i> Koehler, 1897b: 302–307, 1898: 16–21, pl. 2, fig. 2, pl. 3, figs. 3, 4, pl. 4, fig. 8, pl. 9, fig. 48, 1909: 218–217; Mortensen 1903: 75–78, pl. 4, figs. 3–5, pl. 11, fig. 9. pl. 12, fig. 16, pl. 13, figs. 12, 23, pl. 14, figs. 2, 4, 4a, 6, 11, 31, 33, 1927b: 27; Mortensen 1927a: 287–288, figs. 156.3, 163, 1935: 184–187, figs. 107–108, pl. 8, figs. 1–2; Grieg 1932: 40–41; Marques 1980: 105; Gage <i>et al</i>. 1985: 181; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 50; Mironov 2006: 103–104; $ Mironov 2008: 4, tab. 1; Mironov 2014: 121.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> Azores.</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1897b); Mortensen (1903).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> Northeast Atlantic, from south of Iceland and Faroe south to the Gulf of Guinea (Mortensen 1927a, b, Chesher 1966), including the Azores, Canaries and Cape Verde archipelagos (Koehler 1909), and the Great Meteor seamount (Mironov 2006).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 235– 2,910 m (Mortensen 1927 b, Mironov 2006); AZO: 1,213 –2,107 m (Koehler 1898, Mironov 2008).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> sand, mud to ooze (Koehler 1909, Gage <i>et al</i>. 1985).</p> <p> <b>Larval stage:</b> lecithotrophic. (Emlet 1995).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> Koehler (1897b, 1898) described a new species of echinothuroid, <i>Sperosoma grimaldii</i> based on material collected in Azorean deep waters by <i>Hirondelle</i> and <i>Princesse Alice</i>. Until recently, the presence of this species in the archipelago has been restricted to the type material and to the historical reports by this author. Mironov (2008) published a table mentioning this echinoid collected by <i>G.O. Sars</i> (<i>MAR–ECO</i> expedition), which included stations located in the northern-most waters of the Azores.</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
Ophiacantha lineata $ Koehler 1896
No full textOphiacantha lineata Koehler, 1896b Reports for the Azores: Ophiacantha lineata Koehler, 1896b: 247–249, 1909: 187–188, pl. 25, figs. 6–8, 1921a: 2, 4; Mortensen 1927a: 188; Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972: 398; Paterson 1985: 42–44, fig. 19; García-Diez et al. 2005: 49. Type locality: Azores (38°26’N, 26°30’45”W). See: Koehler (1896b); Bartsch (1987: 122–123, figs. 20–21); Paterson (1985). Occurrence: North Atlantic, from Florida eastwards from Rockall to Western Sahara, including the Azores (Paterson 1985). Depth: 500– 3,175 m (Koehler 1914 a, Cherbonnier & Sibuet 1972); AZO: 1,165 –1,378 m (Koehler 1909, 1921a). Habitat: soft sediments, sand with coral and shells (Koehler 1914a). Remarks: Koehler (1896b, 1909) described Ophiacantha lineata based on specimens collected in the Azores by Princesse Alice (sta 578: 38°26’N, 26°30’45”W, 1,165 m). Koehler (1921a) found further material from the archipelago on a later expedition by Hirondelle II (sta 3140: 37°38’N, 26°01’W, 1,378 m). No other material is known from the archipelago.Published as part of Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, http://zenodo.org/record/334216
Ophiacantha veterna Koehler 1907
No full text<i>Ophiacantha veterna</i> Koehler, 1907a Reports for the Azores: <p> <i>Ophiacantha veterna</i> Koehler, 1907 a— Koehler 1921a: 2; Mortensen 1927a: 189; Martynov & Litvinova 2008: 96–97, fig. 11D;</p> <p> <i>Ophiacantha enopla veterna</i> (Koehler, 1907a) — Paterson 1985: 37, fig. 16; García-Diez <i>et al</i>. 2005: 49; St̂hr & Segonzac 2005: 386, 392;</p> <p> <i>Ophiacantha enopla</i> Verrill, 1885 — Smirnov <i>et al</i>. 2014: 196.</p> <p> <b>Type locality:</b> North of the Azores.</p> <p> <b>See:</b> Koehler (1907a: 41–43; 1909: 189–190, pl. 29, figs. 3, 4); Paterson (1985); St̂hr & Segonzac (2005).</p> <p> <b>Occurrence:</b> Northeast Atlantic, from Reykjanes Ridge (Martynov & Litvinova 2008), eastwards from the Bay of Biscay to Western Sahara and Madeira, and southwards in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to south of the Azores (Paterson 1985, St̂hr & Segonzac 2005).</p> <p> <b>Depth:</b> 101– 2,460 m (Koehler 1909, Paterson 1985); AZO: 1,330 –2,300 m (Koehler 1921a; St̂hr & Segonzac 2005).</p> <p> <b>Habitat:</b> soft substrates (Koehler 1909), found associated with diverse sessile fauna (<i>e.g.,</i> sponges, hydrozoans, gorgonians, colonial tunicates) and co-occurring with <i>Asteroschema inornatum</i> Koehler, 1906a (St̂hr & Segonzac 2005).</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> <i>Ophiacantha veterna</i> was demoted to a subspecies of <i>O. enopla</i> Verrill, 1885a by Paterson (1985), a species previously known only from off NE America. This decision was later revoked by Martynov & Litvinova (2008) by reinstating the species status. Regardless, <i>O</i>. <i>veterna</i> is known from Azores deep waters by relatively few material: two specimens collected near Santa Maria Island (<i>Hirondelle II,</i> sta 3137: 37°00’N, 25°00’W, 1,330 m; Koehler 1921a) and further two individuals from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge area (<i>Marvel</i> cruise, sta PL 1199–10: 36°32’16”N, 33°27’24”W, 2,300 m; St̂hr & Segonzac 2005).</p>Published as part of <i>Madeira, Patrícia, Kroh, Andreas, Cordeiro, Ricardo, De, António M., Martins, Frias & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2019, The Echinoderm Fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic Ocean), pp. 1-231 in Zootaxa 4639 (1)</i> on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4639.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3342161">http://zenodo.org/record/3342161</a>
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