1,266 research outputs found
Letting in the Trojan mouse: Using an eportfolio system to re-think pedagogy.
No full textCopyright statement: Copyright 2008 Julie Hughes. The author assigns to ascilite and educational non-profit institutions a non-exclusive licence to use this document for personal use and in courses of instruction provided that the article is used in full and this copyright statement is reproduced. The author also grants a non-exclusive licence to ascilite to publish this document on the ascilite web site and in other formats for Proceedings ascilite Melbourne 2008. Any other use is prohibited without the express permission of the author.E-learning research, as an emergent field in the UK, is highly political in nature (Conole & Oliver, 2007, p.6) occupying a complex landscape which houses policy-makers, researchers and practitioners. Increasingly and more interestingly, the landscape is being shaped by the narratives and experiences of the learners themselves (Creanor et al., 2006, Conole et al., 2006) and the use of Web 2.0 technologies. However, as Laurillard (2007, p.xv) reminds us we still, ‘tend to use technology to support traditional modes of teaching’ and ‘we scarcely have the infrastructure, the training, the habits or the access to the new technology, to be optimising its use just yet’ (p.48). Web 2.0 spaces, literacies and practices offer the possibility for new models of education (Mayes & de Freitas, 2007, p.13) which support iterative and integrative learning but as educators and higher educational establishments are we prepared and ready to re-think our pedagogies and re-do (Beetham & Sharpe 2007, p.3) our practices? This concise paper will reflect upon how the use of new learning landscapes such as eportfolios might offer us the opportunity to reflect upon the implications of letting in the e-learning eportfolio Trojan mouse (Sharpe & Oliver, 2007, p.49)
Outsourcing and Skill Imports: Foreign High-Skilled Workers on H-1B and L-1 Visas in the United States
No full textThis working paper looks in detail at the H-1B and L-1 visa programs for temporary employment in the United States. Based on official data from the US Citizenship and Immigration Services and the US Department of State, H-1B and L-1 visa issuance rapidly increased in the late 1990s, followed by a marked slowdown after 2001. This points to the highly cyclical nature of both visa programs. Indian nationals and immigrants working in computer-related occupations dominate the H1-B and L-1 population in the United States, but these two groups are also found to be the most cyclical segment, with very large declines in inflows after 2001. The total population of H-1B visaholders in 2003 is estimated to range between 387,000 and 746,000, of which 160,000 to 306,000 were Indian nationals. As all data on H-1B/L-1 visaholders are gross numbers and gross jobs data for comparable categories are absent, the extent of the impact of these visa programs on the US labor market cannot be gauged precisely. A broad range of US industries and educational institutions are found to be employing H-1B recipients, with the IT industry being the dominant sector. Evidence of aggressive wage-cost cutting, including paying H-1B recipients only the legally mandated 95 percent of the prevailing US wage, is found among some H-1B employers, although no systematic abuse of the system is present.Outsourcing, offshoring, high-skilled labor, immigration, H1B/L-1 visas
Toxicological profile for dinitrotoluenes
No full textA Toxicological Profile for Dinitrotoluenes, Draft for Public Comment was released in April 2013. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile.Chemical manager(s)/author(s): Carolyn Harper, Nickolette Roney, Mike Fay, Selene Chou, Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Atlanta, GA;Heather Carlson-Lynch, Julie M. Klotzbach, Kelly Salinas, H. Danielle Johnson, Mario Citra, SRC, Inc., North Syracuse, NY
Julie Rosewald
No full textJulie Eichberg Rosewald, America’s first known woman cantor, served as “Cantor Soprano” at Temple Emanu-El in San Francisco between 1884 and 1893, despite traditional Jewish restrictions of kol isha. Rosewald’s role was unique in America until the mid-twentieth century, as she sang the solo parts in all services for her congregation, chose the music, served as choir director, collaborated with the organist, and directed the music of the synagogue. She had an illustrious musical career as a successful international opera star, composer, author, teacher, and professor of music. Coming from a family of cantors, she and her husband, Jacob H. Rosewald, participated in Jewish musical events and charity work, primarily in Baltimore and San Francisco
Poetry as a performing art in the English-speaking Caribbean.
No full textThis thesis seeks to demonstrate that there is a direct relationship
between the emergence of poetry as a performing art in the English speaking Caribbean and phases of nationalist agitation from the uprisings
against unemployment, low pay and colonial neglect during 1937-8 to the
present. Though the poetry has many variations in scope, ranging from
light-hearted entertainment, its principal momentum has been one of
protest, nationalism and revolutionary sentiment. The thesis seeks to
relate tone, style and content both to specific periods and cultural
contexts, and to the degree of engagement of the individual artist in the
political struggle against oppression.
Frequently theatrical, the poetry has commanded a stage and a
popular audience. Though urban in style, it is rooted in older, rural
traditions. Creole, the vernacular of the masses, is a vital common
denominator. The poetry is aurally stimulating, and often highly
rhythmic. The popular music of the day has played an integral part, and
formative role in terms of composition.
The fundamental historical dynamic of the English-speaking Caribbean
has been one of violent imperialist imposition on the one hand, and
resistance by the black masses on the other. Creole language, with its
strong residuum of African grammatical constructs, concepts and
vocabulary, has been a central vehicle of resistance. It is a low-status
language in relation to the officially-endorsed Standard English. The
thesis argues that artists' assertion of Creole, and total identification
with it through their own voice, is a significant act of defiance and
patriotism.
Periods of heightened agitation in the recent past have each led to
the emergence of a distinctive form of performance poetry. Chapter two
examines the role of Louise Bennett as a mouthpiece of black pride and
nationalist sentiment largely in the period preceding independence. Her
principal aim is the affirmation of the black Jamaican's fundamental
humanity. She uses laughter both as a curative emotional release and as
an expression of mental freedom. She lays the foundations of a comic
tradition which does not fundamentally challenge the contradictions of
the post-independence period.
Chapter three relates the emergence of the Dub Poets of Jamaica to
the development of Rastafarianism into a mass post-independence
nationalist revival, and to the contribution of intellectuals, most
symbolically Walter Rodney, to the process of decolonization. Reggae
music, the principal creative response to the dynamics of the period both
in terms of lyrics and rhythmic tension, infuses the work of Michael
Smith, Cku Onuora, Mutabaruka and Erian Meeks examined in this study.
Chapter four illustrates the development of performed poetry in the
context of periods of insurrection and revolution in the East Caribbean.
It examines the Black Rower movement as a stimulus to cultural
nationalism and revolutionary sentiment, and its transcendence to
internationalism and socialism in the context of the Grenada Revolution.
Abdul Malik straddles and exemplifies the creative dynamic which exists
between urban, industrial Trinidad and its tiny, rural and poor
neighbour, Grenada
ARF6 and EFA6A regulate the development and maintenance of dendritic spines
No full textThe cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the development and maintenance of dendritic spines are not fully understood. ADP-ribosylation factor 6 ( ARF6) is a small GTPase known to regulate actin remodeling and membrane traffic. Here, we report involvement of ARF6 and exchange factor for ARF6 ( EFA6A) in the regulation of spine development and maintenance. An active form of ARF6 promotes the formation of dendritic spines at the expense of filopodia. EFA6A promotes spine formation in an ARF6 activation-dependent manner. Knockdown of ARF6 and EFA6A by small interfering RNA decreases spine formation. Live imaging indicates that ARF6 knockdown decreases the conversion of filopodia to spines and the stability of early spines. The spine-promoting effect of ARF6 is partially blocked by Rac1. ARF6 and EFA6A protect mature spines from inactivity-induced destabilization. These results suggest that ARF6 and EFA6A may regulate the conversion of filopodia to spines and the stability of both early and mature spines.This work was supported by the National Creative Research Initiative Program of the Korean Ministry of Science and Technology (E.K.) and Korea Health 21 Research and Development Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea Grant 02-PJ1-PG1-CH06-0001 (H.K.). S.C. is supported in part by the Bojeong Kim fellowship. We thank Dr. Julie G. Donaldson (National Institutes of Health) for pXS-ARF6-HA cDNAs (wild type and T27N) and the Kazusa DNA Research Institute for KIAA2011 cDNA
Sample protocol for adolescent abuse and neglect cases, evaluation tool, model policies
No full textAmy Miller & Julie McFarlane.This archived document is maintained by the State Library of Oregon as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 28-29).Funded by a grant from Oregon's Children's Justice Act Task Force, Department of Human Services.Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Indo-European vocabulary in Old Chinese : a new thesis on the emergence of Chinese language and civilization in the late Neolithic age
No full textThis study is a much expanded version of the paper I read at the XXXII International Congress for Asian and North African Studies on August 28, 1986 in Hamburg (Germany). Contents 1. Recent developments in the field of historical linguistics 2. Monosyllabic structure of Chinese words and Indo-European stems 3. Tonal accents of Middle Chinese 4. Preliminaries on the comparison of consonants and vowels 5. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of entering tone 6. Middle Chinese tones and final consonants of IE stems 7. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of rising tone 8. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of vanishing tone 9. Some IE stems corresponding to Chinese words of level tone 10. Reconstruction of Middle Chinese vocalism according to Yün-ching 11. Old Chinese vocalism 12. Vocalic correspondences between Chinese and IE 13. Initials of Old Chinese 14. Initial consonant clusters in Old Chinese as seen from IE-stems 15. Proximity of Chinese to Germanic 16. Relation of Old Chinese to neighboring languages 17. Emergence of Chinese Empire and language in the middle of the third millennium B.C. Appendix * Abbrevations * Bibliography * Rhyme Tables of Early Middle Chinese (600) * Rhyme Tables of Early Mandarin (1300) * Word Index o English o Pinyin In 1786, just over two hundred years ago, comparative historical linguistics was born, when Sir William Jones (1746-1794) discovered the relationship between Old-Indian Sanskrit, Greek, and Latin. Since then, the emerging Indo-European philology has thrown much light on the early history of mankind in Eurasia. During the past two hundred years, many suggestions were also made in regard to relationships of Indo-European to other languages such as Semitic, Altaic, Austronesian, Korean etc., but Indo-Europeanists commonly rejected such attempts for want of convincing evidence. As to Chinese, Joseph Edkins was the first to advance the thesis of its proximity to Indo-European. In his work China's Place in Philology. An Attempt to show that the Language of Europe and Asia have a Common Origin (1871) he presented a number of Chinese words similar to those of Indo-European. In his time, Edkins' thesis seemed bold and extravagant. But today, more than a hundred years later, we are in a much better position to carry out a comprehensive and well-founded comparative study. Since the end of the nineteenth century, many Sinologists have been engaged in reconstruction of the mediaeval and archaic readings of Chinese characters. Among them, Karlgren (1889-1978) was the most successful, and in 1940 he published a comprehensive phonological and etymological dictionary entitled Grammata Serica. In the meantime, the Indo-Europeanists Alois Walde (1869-1924) and Julius Pokorny (1887-1970) were devoting themselves to the compilation of a useful etymological dictionary. The result was the Indogermanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch by Pokorny (1959) which provides a solid basis for our lexical comparisons. Soon thereafter, some Sinologists made use of the two dictionaries by Karlgren and Pokorny to compare Chinese and Indo-European words. In 1967, an unaffiliated German scholar, Jan Ulenbrook, published an article "Einige Übereinstirnrnungen zwischen dem Chinesischen und dem Indogermanischen", in which he claimed that 57 words are related. Shortly afterwards, Tor Ulving of the University of Goteborg, Sweden, wrote a review of this article framing the title as a question: "Indo-European elements in Chinese?" While working on his thesis on word families in Chinese, Ulving compiled for his own use two dictionaries: "Archaic Chinese - English" and "English - Archaic Chinese", and discovered thereby 238 Chinese words similar to Indo-European roots. In spite of this considerable number of word equivalents, however, Mr. Ulving became discouraged and, as he told me in his letter of April, 1986, has given up his researches in this field. The skepticism, common among Indo-Europeanists in regard to comparative studies with other languages, is largely based on the dogmatic opinion that only morphology is relevant but not vocabulary. Since the typology of Chinese seems to preclude a cognate relation to Indo-European, they are inclined to discard any lexical correspondences as merely accidental or onomatopoetic. Besides, prehistorical contacts and mixtures between these languages seem not conceivable, as the Indo-Europeans are supposed to have originated in Northern Europe or at best in the Central Asian steppe, thousands of miles away from East Asia. Hence, any research into a relationship between Old Chinese and Indo-European languages would be but futile from the outset. Yet there are also opposing views among Indo-Europeanists. Investigations into Germanic languages and the oldest Indo-European language, Hittite, led some of them to a critical revision of the prevailing conception about a Proto-Indo-European. Hermann Hirt (1934) for instance states: "Inflexion of Indo-European languages is due to a relatively late development, and its correct comprehension can be achieved only by proceeding from the time of non-inflexion." And Carl Karstien (1936) holds the opinion that "Chinese corresponds most ideally to the hypothetic prototype of Indo-European." Regarding vocabulary, there are striking similarities in the monosyllabic structure of the basic words. In modern German and English, all the words of everyday speech are monosyllabic and their stereotypical structure is: initial consonant(s) + vowel(s) + final consonant(s). The same word structure is valid for Chinese as well. It is fundamentally different from the disyllabic structure of Altaic words and from the triconsonantal-disyllabic structure of Semitic words. Characteristic of the monosyllabic word structure is, besides, the complexity of the syllable nucleus, which consists of different vowels and vowel clusters in contrast to the monophthongal vocalism of polysyllabic words. Another objection raised to comparisons between Chinese and Indo-European is the existence of tonal accents in Chinese. Since most modern Indo-European languages have only expiratory accents, Chinese is considered to be a highly exotic language. Yet, even in Chinese, the use of tonal accents as a means of lexical differentiation is a result of comparatively recent development in the long history of Chinese language, the earliest monuments of which date back to 1300 B.C. (cf. Chang 1970, p.21). Unknown to Old Chinese, the existence of tonal accents was for the first time mentioned in the 5th century by Shen Yüeh (441-513). In Middle Chinese (Mch.) there were four tone categories: A P'ing-sheng 平 a level tone (which developed into Mandarin tone 1 or 2). B Shang-sheng 上 a rising tone (Mandarin tone 3). C Ch'u-sheng 去 a vanishing, i.e. falling tone (Mandarin tone 4). D Ju-sheng 入 an entering tone with a staccato effect, the word being abruptly stopped by a final consonant -p, -t, -k. (In Early Mandarin the words of this tone lost their final consonant and were distributed among the tones 2, 3 and 4, respectively according to the phonation of initials). In Middle Chinese, words of the entering tone were the only group which still preserved the final stops and therefore a close syllabic structure. So they are most appropriate for convincing comparisons with monosyllabic Indo-European word stems. The final stops -p, -t, -k of the entering tone are nowadays still extant in daily speech of several dialects in South China as well as in Chinese borrowings in Japanese, Vietnamese and Korean. As a speaker of a Taiwan dialect of Minnan origin, I could immediately identify some Indo-European stems with corresponding Chinese words. Besides, the command of Japanese and German was also a great help for this study. In the following lists I have chosen a number of Indo-European stems which are phonetically and semantically equivalent to Chinese words. Correspondences in initial and final consonants refer to the points of articulation, thus we have equations: IE labials = Old Chinese labials, IE dentals = dentals, IE l, r = dentals (cf. p. 31); Ø, i (final and medial) IE velars = velars and laryngeals, and occasionally (the so-called "satem"-forms) IE velars = dental sibilants and affricates. Regarding the manner of articulation, there are no regular correspondences between Indo-European and Chinese consonants like Grimm's law which is valid among Indo-European dialects to a certain extent. But this is not astonishing, since in Old Chinese the alternation of initials in voicing was a conventional means of creating new words from one basic form. The rules of vocalic correpondences among Indo-European dialects are quite complex. Vowels permanently change their qualities from one language to another, and from time to time within one language also, as is well known from the history of English pronunciations. Generally, the vocalism of Old Greek is taken as the standard for Proto-Indo-European. Old Chinese vowels corresponds nearly (cf. p. 30), but the details about the reconstruction of Middle and Old Chinese vocalism will be treated later (pp. 26-30). For the moment, it is necessary to notice in advance that the stem of ablauting Germanic verbs is the form of preterite or noun, rather than that of infinitive as assumed hitherto. Therefore, in some cases I must slightly modify the basic vowel of verbal stems given in Pokorny, in order to get better basis for comparison. As Old Chinese verbs were non-flexional, they might probably have preserved the original vowel the best
8-month old LRRK2 KO rat (Cortex, kidney).
No full text<p>WT: Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) staining in the Long Evans WT rat. There is focal positive staining (solid arrows) within tubular epithelial cytoplasm in an area of chronic progressive nephropathy; KO: KIM-1 globular staining is observed in proximal tubular epithelium (solid arrows) which colocalized with brown pigment noted on H&E sections. Scale bar = 0.5 mm</p
Electron microscopy of RPE and outer retina in old XBP1 KO mice.
No full text<p><b>A</b>). Electron micrograph of a 6-month-old WT mouse retina showing normal RPE and adjacent OS disk membranes. <b>B–C</b>). Highly disorganized OS and disrupted microvilla in a 6-month-old XBP1 KO mouse. Arrows indicate vesiculated OS disc membrane. Asterisks indicate atrophic area of OS. <b>D–E</b>). XBP1 KO mouse eyes display marked vacuolization in RPE and irregular basal infoldings outlined by a red dotted line. Arrows indicate autophagosomes containing undigested OS disc membranes. Arrowheads indicate swollen mitochondria in RPE. Note that the BrM is highly irregularly thickened in XBP1 KO mice. <b>F</b>). Ultrastructure of basal infoldings in a WT mouse. <b>G</b>). Disorganized basal infoldings in a XBP1 KO mouse. Asterisks indicate the accumulation of material between the RPE basal infoldings. <b>H</b>). Discontinuous collagen and elastin layers in the BrM in a XBP1 KO mouse. [Scale bar: 2 µm (A–D, H); scale bar: 500 nm (E–G)]. RPE, retinal pigment epithelium; OS, outer segment; Mv, microvilla; BrM, Bruch's membrane.</p
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