175 research outputs found
Author Correction: Auto-aggressive CXCR6+ CD8 T cells cause liver immune pathology in NASH
No full textIn this Article, the surname of Tobias Boettler was incorrectly shown as ‘Böttler’, and the surname of author Jan-Philipp Mallm was incorrectly shown as ‘Malm’. The original Article has been corrected online
An Automaton Group with PSPACE-Complete Word Problem
No full textWe construct an automaton group with a PSPACE-complete word problem, proving a conjecture due to Steinberg. Additionally, the constructed group has a provably more difficult, namely EXPSPACE-complete, compressed word problem. Our construction directly simulates the computation of a Turing machine in an automaton group and, therefore, seems to be quite versatile. It combines two ideas: the first one is a construction used by D'Angeli, Rodaro and the first author to obtain an inverse automaton semigroup with a PSPACE-complete word problem and the second one is to utilize a construction used by Barrington to simulate circuits of bounded degree and logarithmic depth in the group of even permutations over five elements
Analysing Videokymograms Using Classical and Deep Learning Methods
No full textTitle: Analysing Videokymograms Using Classical and Deep Learning Methods Author: RNDr. Aleš Zita Institute: Institute of Information Theory and Automation, the Czech Academy of Sciences Supervisor: Prof. Ing. Jan Flusser, DrSc., Department of Image Processing Abstract: Videokymography (VKG) belongs to a family of medical imaging techniques capable of human larynx function visualization. Images produced by this method are ideal for automatic processing. In the last few years, the performance of deep learning systems increased significantly. In some areas, the machine learning approach exceeds the human experts in speed and accuracy. This doctoral thesis focuses on the continuous development of VKG image automatic analysis and touches on the possibility of con- necting the classical approach to Videokymographic image processing with the modern computer vision approach. Keywords: Videokymography, Medical Imaging, Digital Image Processing, Computer Vision, Machine Learning
Analýza videokymogramů pomocí tradičních metod a metod hlubokého učení
No full textNázev práce: Analýza videokymogramů pomocí tradičních metod a metod hlubokého učení Autor: RNDr. Aleš Zita Katedra: Ústav teorie informace a automatizace, Akademie věd České republiky Vedoucí disertační práce: Prof. Ing. Jan Flusser, DrSc., Oddělení zpracování obrazové informace Abstrakt: Videokymografie (VKG) patří do skupiny medicínských zobrazovacích technik umožňujících vizualizaci funkce lidského hrtanu. Snímky pořízené touto technikou jsou optimální pro zpracování pomocí automatických metod. V posledních několika letech se zvýšil výkon systémů hlubokých neuronových sítí natolik, že v některých oblastech překonávají lidské experty v rychlosti i přesnosti vyhodnocování. Tato disertační práce se zaměřuje na pokračující vývoj automatické analýzy VKG dat a zkoumá možnosti propojení klasického přístupu ke zpracování videokymografického obrazu s moderními metodami počítačového vidění. Klíčová slova: Videokymografie, medicínské zobrazovací metody, digitální zpracování obrazu, počítačové vidění, strojové učení 1Title: Analysing Videokymograms Using Classical and Deep Learning Methods Author: RNDr. Aleš Zita Institute: Institute of Information Theory and Automation, the Czech Academy of Sciences Supervisor: Prof. Ing. Jan Flusser, DrSc., Department of Image Processing Abstract: Videokymography (VKG) belongs to a family of medical imaging techniques capable of human larynx function visualization. Images produced by this method are ideal for automatic processing. In the last few years, the performance of deep learning systems increased significantly. In some areas, the machine learning approach exceeds the human experts in speed and accuracy. This doctoral thesis focuses on the continuous development of VKG image automatic analysis and touches on the possibility of con- necting the classical approach to Videokymographic image processing with the modern computer vision approach. Keywords: Videokymography, Medical Imaging, Digital Image Processing, Computer Vision, Machine Learning 1Matematicko-fyzikální fakultaFaculty of Mathematics and Physic
Analysis of economic feasibility of ash and maple lamella production for glued laminated timber
No full textBackground and Objectives: In the near future, in Europe a raised availability of hardwoods is expected. One possible sales market is the building sector, where medium dense European hardwoods could be used as load bearing elements. For the hardwood species beech, oak, and sweet chestnut technical building approvals already allow the production of hardwood glulam. For the species maple and ash this is not possible yet. This paper aims to evaluate the economic feasibility of glulam production from low dimension ash and maple timber from thinnings. Therefore, round wood qualities and the resulting lumber qualities are assessed and final as well as intermediate yields are calculated. Materials and Methods: 81 maple logs and 79 ash logs cut from trees from thinning operations in mixed (beech) forest stands were visually graded, cant sawn, and turned into strength-graded glulam lamellas. The volume yield of each production step was calculated. Results: The highest volume yield losses occur during milling of round wood (around 50%) and "presorting and planning" the dried lumber (56-60%). Strength grading is another key process in the production process. When grading according to DIN 4074-5 (2008), another 40-50% volume loss is reported, while combined visual and machine grading only produces 7-15% rejects. Conclusions: Yield raise potentials were identified especially in the production steps milling, presorting and planning and strength grading.Bio-based Structures & Material
Why is unemployment so high in Bulgaria?
No full textThe author seeks to determine the main factors behind poor labor market outcomes in Bulgaria. Unemployment in Bulgaria is high and of long duration. The accumulation of the unemployment stock has been caused by relatively high inflows into unemployment coupled with limited outflows. These features of the Bulgarian labor market are typical of other transition economies in Central Europe and exploring their sources is of broad interest. The author focuses on determinants of and constraints to job creation. He uses data on job creation and job destruction from a survey of employment in all registered firms. He finds that the source of large inflows into unemployment is intensive enterprise restructuring associated with a high pace of job reallocation. However, job creation falls short of job destruction. Three main factors account for the limited job creation and hiring, and thus for low outflows from unemployment: a) The unfriendly business environment, reflected by a low rate of new firm formation, and a relatively small, small and medium enterprise sector. b) Labor market rigidities, including excessive hiring and firing costs. c) Skill and spatial mismatches brought about by enterprise restructuring, as well as low skills and marginalization of the long-term unemployed who cannot successfully compete for new jobs. The author recommends a three pronged strategy to improve labor market performance: (1) removing bureaucratic constraints to entry and expansion of firms; (2) enhancing labor market flexibility through lowering hiring and firing costs; and (3) improving the educational system so as to equip workers with broad and portable skills.Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Policies,Labor Markets,Public Health Promotion,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Environmental Economics&Policies,Labor Markets,Health Monitoring&Evaluation,Labor Standards,Banks&Banking Reform
The Ephemeral Apparatus for the Funeral of Jan III Sobieski in Rome: Cardinal Carlo Barberini’s Art and Politics
No full textThis article deals with the catafalque and ephemeral apparatus commissioned by Cardinal Carlo Barberini for the absente corpore funeral of Jan III Sobieski, which took place in Rome on 10 December 1696 at the Church of St Stanislaus. Thanks to a number of unpublished documents (from the Barberini Archive of the Vatican Library) it was possible to identify both the artists and artisans involved in the construction and decoration of the catafalque and ephemeral apparatus. Worthy of note is also the discovery of the sum total spent on this funeral by Carlo Barberini, at that time the Cardinal Protector of Poland, an office involving his engagement in political and diplomatic affairs. During the research for this essay, the documents relative to payments for both the etching depicting Jan III’s catafalque (by Pietro Santi Bartoli) and the plate from which it was printed have emerged. The most interesting result of the research is the identification of the painter Philipp Jakob Wörndle from Austria as the author of six oval canvases depicting episodes of Jan III’s life, of which only four survive, in storage at the Gallerie Nazionali di Arte Antica di Palazzo Barberini in Rome
The drawing books of Henry Peacham and Jan de Bisschop and the place of drawing in the education of a Renaissance gentleman
No full textThe focus of my study are the drawing books of Henry Peacham and Jan de Bisschop, amateur draughtsmen of the seventeenth century. They worked in hostile environments and tried to persuade their countrymen of the validity of the classical tradition in art.Peacham came from England. He was a schoolmaster. The first book he published was called The Art of Drawing with the Pen and Limning in Water Colors. He elaborated upon this book and called it The Gentlemans Exercise.Peacham's interest in the arts and the recognition he received from these publications recommended him to Thomas Howard, the Earl of Arundel. It was undoubtedly the Earl's influence that encouraged Peacham to undertake the writing of his best known book, The Compleat Gentleman, in which a sound knowledge of the visual arts is made a part of the education befitting a gentleman. In 1634 Peacham appended The Gentlemans Exercise to The Compleat Gentleman. The two were thereafter published as one book.Peacham made a significant contribution to the art education of the English gentleman. He was the first in England to stress the importance of antique statues and to make Vasari's Lives accessible to the public by including in his book extracts from Karel van Mander's version of it. In his drawing course he distinguished clearly between learning by rote and the use of judgement in producing a likeness.However, Peacham's drawing book proves to be too narrow for it is mainly theoretical. He includes no plates representing works of art. It is for this reason that I have chosen to add to my study the drawing books of Jan de Bisschop.Bisschop came from Holland. He was a lawyer. His drawing books, the Signorum veterum icones and the Paradigmata graphices variorum artificum, comprise a plethora of etchings representing antique statues and works of art by the artists of Renaissance Italy. The etchings were made by Bisschop himself. A few of them are based on his own drawings but the majority are based on drawings by other artists.Bisschop's purpose in composing these two drawing books was to expose the Dutch to as many good examples of works of art that he could find. The drawings that he chose to base his etchings on were in private art collections in Holland. Few people had access to them. Hence, Bisschop felt that unless it was made possible for the Dutch to study these images, they would not be able to elevate their standard in art. His drawing books teach us to learn from the old masters and consequently to join them.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:08:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Author Correction: Disentangling the multiorbital contributions of excitons by photoemission exciton tomography
No full textPlant reproduction in the alpine landscape : reproductive ecology, genetic diversity and gene flow of the rare monocarpic "Campanula thyrsoides" in the Swiss Alps
No full textAims & Objectives
The work presented in this thesis forms part of a larger project “How patchy
habitat and isolation affect alpine plant life: genetic diversity, gene flow and mating
systems”, which includes the PhD studies of Patrick Kuss and the author under the
supervision of Professor Jürg Stöcklin.
This doctoral thesis investigates the consequences of the natural fragmentation
and patchiness of alpine landscapes on the life of alpine plant populations. The central
focus of the thesis is on the mating system, the role of inbreeding and/or outbreeding
depression, genetic diversity and geographic structure within and among populations
of the rare Alpine monocarpic perennial Campanula thyrsoides. The main objectives
and research questions addressed are:
• Is Campanula thyrsoides self-compatible (SI) and if not, does the SI system
break down with flower age? Do inbred C. thyrsoides offspring in the common
garden suffer from inbreeding depression?
• Do we find a distance related inbreeding depression (poorer reproducive
output) or outbreeding depression (increased reproductive output) in field
populations of C. thyrsoides following crosses of different crossing distances
(selfing, 1m, 10m, 100m and among distant populations)?
• How much genetic diversity exists within populations of C. thyrsoides and
how does it relate to population size and altitude? Has the natural habitat
fragmentation let to strong genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow
among populations of C. thyrsoides resulting in a pronounced geographic
structure?
Study species
In order to seek answers to our research questions, we choose to study a
yellow bellflower; Campanula thyrsoides. The choice was based on the information
that C. thyrsoides is a rare plant species, which is only found on calcarious soils
within the European Alps and adjacent mountain ranges (Aeschimann et al. 2005).
The plants selectiveness for carbonate bearing soils together with the fact that its
seeds are not adapted to long-distance dispersal (Tackenberg 2003) are the main
reasons for the isolation and small sizes of many of its populations. These population
characteristics, therefore, made C. thyrsoides a suitable study species. Another
important characteristic of C. thyrsoides, and one of the main reasons for its inclusion
in the study is because it is a monocarpic perennial which flowers once and
subsequently dies (Jäger 2000). Monocarpic plants species, which are more
commonly found in subtropical and tropical mountain systems (e.g. the giant rosettes
of Puya spp, Espeletia spp., Echium spp. etc., Smith & Young 1987; Young &
Augspurger 1991) are rare amidst the temperate alpine flora (for the Alps, see
Aeschimann et al. 2005). Monocarpy can promote genetic differentiation between
populations by reducing the effective population size due to a shorter generation time
and lower density of populations (Loveless & Hamrick 1984; Vitalis et al. 2004).
When studying the effects of population isolation and habitat fragmentation on
plant reproduction (e.g. mating system and inbreeding depression), it is, moreover,
ideal to study a Campanula species. Although most Campanula species are selfincompatible
and allogamous (Nyman 1993), both a break-down in the SI system with
flower age (Vogler et al. 1998) and an evolution towards complete self-compatibility
(Ægisdóttir & Thórhallsdóttir 2006) have been recorded.
Design
We studied the reproductive ecology and genetic diversity of Campanula
thyrsoides by firstly setting up pollination experiments in the common garden and in
the field and secondly by sampling leaf material in 32 field populations in
Switzerland. In the common garden study, we set up a pollination experiment in order
to study the breeding system of C. thyrsoides, including the consequences of selfing,
half-sibling crossings and outcrossing on reproductive output and seedling
performance. Moreover, field experiments in four populations were set up in the
Swiss Alps in order to study the effect of different crossing distances on reproduction
in C. thyrsoides and to see if evidence would be found of hidden inbreeding
depression or outbreeding depression following large-distance crossings compared to
within-population crossings. In addition, we studied the genetic diversity, gene flow
and geographical structure within and among 32 field populations of C. thyrsoides in
Switzerland, covering both large geographical and altitudinal ranges. The genetic
study was conducted using 5 co-dominant microsatellite markers. In addition, we
studied the genetic diversity in C. thyrsoides and two other alpine plants using random
amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker as well as studing the evolutionary
demography of C. thyrsoides
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