1,720,970 research outputs found
Investigation of Osteochondrosis in Different Genotypes of Pigs.
No full textOsteochondrosis - it is bone and cartilage tissues disease that deforms the articulars, thus reducing the strength of the limbs, the pigs begin to unravel. It can damage the joints for many, but not all. This disease occurs in domestic animals not only pigs, but also pouldtry, horses and dogs (Lewczuk, Korwin-Kossakowska, 2012). The animals most likely to occur and most progressive distal femur and humerus of lesions (Klimienė, Klimas, 2002). Because the incidence of pigs osteochondrosis losses for both breeding and pig farming commodity. Growing long and muscular pigs, the defect becomes more and more relevant. (Lundeheim 1987; Ytrehus et. Al., 2004). In our country investigations of osteochondrosis of bred-pigs began in 2001 (Klimienė, Klimas, 2002). The causes of osteochondrosis in pigs' limb articulars are not researched exactly, so it is appropriate to continue the research and deployment of osteochondrosis controls, improving the productivity of breeding pigs and health. Aim of the work is to research osteochondrosis in different genotype of pigs Tasks of the work: 1. Set of osteochondrosis prevalence among different pig breeds and dependence; 2. Analyze the castrates and gilts predispose to osteochondrosis; 3. Rate osteochondrosis frequency of the front and hind limb articulars; 4. Set of osteochondrosis influence joint cartilage thickness. Working method - Osteochondrosis was determined by the forelegs and hind legs to the shoulder bone of the distal femoral cut surface. According to the survey, a weaker or stronger osteochondrosis disorder limb articulars was 35.6 percent. all studied pigs. Male pigs castrated osteochondrosis vice violated less frequently (35.3 percent). Than gilts (36.1 percent). Pig hind limb joints osteochondrosis occurred 15 times more often than the front limbs joints. Reliable osteochondrosis affect the trend of the humerus and distal femoral articular cartilage thickness was observed
Investigation the stress sensibility of wild and domestic animals.
No full textAim of the paper is to perform study of domestic and wild animals’ stress sensitivity. The paper analyses stress physiology (action mechanism), describes stress causing factors, evaluates pig and boar stress sensitivity with the means of genetic research method, analyses fattening and meat qualities an their interlink
Comparative Evaluation of Age Identification of Roe Deers and Hogs by Teeth.
No full textObjective – make comparitive analysis of roe deer and wild board life expectance using dental records method. To achieve the objective there were used following goals: define wild brute characteristics; analyse methods used to determinate age of wild brute; Determinate wild board age studying growth of their teeth; determinate roe deer age using teeth attrition method. Evaluate wild brute age using M1 tooth height; evaluate wild brute age using amount of dental cement rings. Evaluate accuracy of wild brute age determination methods
Poultry Embiogenesis and Underembryo Growth during Feathering Period.
No full textBachelor's thesis about conditions how to keep eggs before and during incubation, how are formed chicken's and turkey poult's embryos, also about underembryo growth during feathering period
Dog‘s Helminths and Diseases Caused by Them at Papilė Area.
No full textObjective – set most important dogs Helminths and deseases coused by them in Papyles area, region of Akmene. Tasks set to achive the goal: estimation of Helminths determination methods effectiveness and choose the most appropriate method for the future tests. Describe dogs Helminths and their Helmintosisthat was found. Set invasiveness of tested Helmintosis in dogs organism. Estimation prevalence of set parasitic worms in Papyles area. Methods of work. To investigate and set dogs Helmintosis and its preavalence in Papyles area, depending on age, sex and terretory, have been tested 9 different villages. In 2012 – 2013 were tested 60 samples of Fiuleborn, by methods of native smear and consistent dumping. Through those tests were set that most effective method is consisstent dumping. Tests have been taken from different age dogs, that were infected Opistorchis felineus, Undentified agent, Taenia pisiformis, Dipylidium caninum, Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma caninum, Trichuris vulpis and Ascaridae families representatives. Sickness rate of Helmintosis at Papyles area is 72%. Dogs were devided in 6 groups depending on age: 0-2, 3-5, 6-8, 9-11, 12-14, 15 years old and older male and female dogs. Was set, that sickness rate of younger dogs is higher compear to older dogs. Was found out, that Helminths more usualy infect female then male dogs. Tests showed that invasion of different Helminths in most cases is hard, but there were some cases of light invasion. In a samples were found from 28 to 356 eggs in 2ml of stools. Was set that it doesn't matter what food will be dog fed, invasive agents spread by alimony way. In the most cases tests showed, that it doesn't matter where you keep the dog, it will contact other animals anyway. All towns and villages set next to river Venta, between forests and fields, witch area is rich of wildlife and rodents
The influence of genetic factors on blood biochemical parameters in pigs.
No full textThe aim of this research - to analyze the influence of genetic factors on blood biochemical parameters in pigs. In this work was analyzed blood biochemical parameters impact from pigs breed and gender. The blood biochemical parameters of investigative pigs was compared with norm of healthy pigs blood biochemical parameters. Biochemical research of pigs blood serum was made by using automatical biochemical analyzer SELECTRA Junior ( Netherlands , 2006). Groups of pigs was formed in barn of controlling fattening AB „Kiaulių veislininkystė―. Ascertained that breed of pigs have influence for blood biochemical parameters. Among the experimental groups of pigs were observed significant levels of alkaline phosphatase ( ALP) and mineral concentration swings , especially copper , iron and sodium . Also ascertained that gender of pigs have influence for blood biochemical parameters. Significantly different was creatinine concentration: it was higher in the blood of gilts. Alkaline phosphatase is much higher in the blood of the castrates. Also ascertained significant changes to some mineral concentration, especially iron, between genders. Based on healthy pigs blood biochemical rates ascertain that blood biochemical parameters of some investigative varieties contravene norm. Concentration of some enzymes in blood were exceeded
Educational activities in tourist and recreational areas of Visaginas town surraundings.
No full textThis theme is very actual. People have lived together with nature for a long time and they are depended on it. Forests, field and other nature components fed us and gave places for living. And for the last time nature is people health reviving, education and improving place. For a long time people took everything from the nature but don’t try to to replace the equilibrium. That’s why we are talking more and more about ecological problems, education and so on. If we want to stop or decrease these problems we should take different means. One of them is suitable education in the different spheres of child’s live. The object of the research - Educational activities in tourist and recreational areas of Visaginas town surroundings. The aim of the research - to reveal and evaluate educational activities in tourist and recreational areas of Visaginas town surroundings. The research was done in two different ways. The teacher was questioned about additional education with pupils after lessons, what methods and forms she use and so on. Pupils of the secondary school fel in a form. The implemented research methods were such as the analyses of literature, internet sites and documentation, questionnaires, interview, quantitative and qualitative analyses. Work structure: the work consists of summary, introduction, chapters about the tourism and recreation and it influencing factors, harmonious development education, recreational and educational activities and separate objects of Visaginas town surroundings. Further the research chapter, the conclusions, recommendations, the references and appendix. The received conclusions say, that last decades in the world as well as in Lithuania the scientist pay a lot of attention is paid to tourism, recreation and education, teachers and pupils evaluate such educational activities positively. Visaginas town secondary school pupils actively participate in cognitive activities, they like to go sightseeing tours, their leisure is very different and knowledge is good enough. Visaginas town secondary school teacher organizes pupil’s additional education, applies a wide range of methods, forms, ways, willingly cooperates with directions of educational objects of Visaginas town surroundings, but there are many problems when she organizes her work
Situation of pig farming in Šiauliai region
No full textStraipsnyje išanalizuota kiaulininkystės situacija Akmenės, Joniškio, Kelmės, Pakruojo, Radviliškio ir Šiaulių rajonų ūkiuose. Nustatyta, kad 2012 m. liepos 1 d. Šiaulių apskrities 6 rajonų savivaldybių ūkiuose laikytos 150888 kiaulės, kurios sudarė 26,1% nuo viso šalyje auginamų kiaulių skaičiaus. Daugiausia kiaulių auginta Radviliškio ir Akmenės rajonuose (27,0 ir 21,8%), mažiausia - Šiaulių rajone (0,1%). Gyventojų tankis šiam verslui atskiruose rajonuose įtakos neturi. 2012 m. liepos 1 d. regione kiaules augino 288 ūkininkai ir šeimos ūkiai bei 15 žemės ūkio bendrovių ir įmonių. Kiaulių pasiskirstymo vidurkis visų 6 rajonų minėtuose ūkiuose sudarė atitinkamai 5,1 ir 94,9% (net 73,6% visų regiono kiaulių laikyta penkiuose stambiuose - virš 14000 vnt. gyvulių kompleksuose). Taigi regione yra susidariusi neracionali kiaulininkystės sektoriaus struktūra: vyrauja smulkūs ūkiai (83,5% ūkių turi tik 1-9 kiaules), kiaulienos gamyba sukoncentruota 5 stambiuose kompleksuose, beveik nėra tvaraus dydžio (nuo 2 iki 5 tūkst. kiaulių) ūkių. Iš regione esančių 303 kiaulininkystės ūkių, 98,7% yra prekiniai ūkiai ir 1,3%- veislynai. Stambūs kiaulininkystės ūkiai yra labiau modernizuoti. Šiaurės Lietuvos regionui svarbus vaidmuo tenka kiaulių veislininkystės sistemoje. Čia yra AB „Lietuvos veislininkystė“ (Šiaulių г.), kuriai nuo 2012 m. rugpjūčio mėn. priskirtas ir kiaulių veislininkystės skyrius (Radviliškio г., buvusi Valstybinė kiaulių veislininkystės stotis). Regione yra 4 kiaulių veislynai [...] Reikšminiai žodžiai: Bandos struktūra; Kiaulės; Plėtros perspektyvos; Selekcija; Ūkio dydis; Ūkių dydis; Žemės ūkis; Agriculture; Development perspective; Farms size; Herd structure; Pigs; SelectionAlthough pig farming is the second (after cattle fanning) most important branch of stockbreeding in Lithuania, pork supply makes up only 50-60% with the remaining 40-50% being imported. In the article the situation of pig farming have been analyzed by Akmenė, Joniškis, Kelmė, Pakruojis, Radviliškis and Šiauliai districts. It was indicated, that as of the 1st of July 2012, there were 150888 pigs kept in farms throughout the six districts of Šiauliai region, which constitutes 26.1% of the total number of pigs kept in Lithuania. The largest number of pigs was recorded in Radviliškis and Akmenė districts (27.0 and 21.8% respectively), with the smallest number in Šiauliai district (0.1%). Varied population density in different districts of the region has no impact on this field of business. As of the 1st July of 2012, in the region there were 288 farmers and family farms, as well as 15 agricultural companies and enterprises producing pigs. The average distribution of pigs in the above holdings in all 6 districts was 5.1 and 94.9% respectively (73.6 % of the total pigs in region are kept in five large-scale complexes with more than 14000 animals). It means that an irrational structure of pig farming has formed in the region: small farms dominate (83.5% of the holdings keep only 1-9 pigs), pig production is concentrated in 5 large-scale complexes, there are practically no farms of stable size (2000 to 5000 pigs). Quite a large part of family farms and small farmers raise pigs partially ecologically by using only feed of their own production. These are holdings of extensive practice which fatten pigs to greater weight: approximately 110-130 kg. Agricultural companies/enterprises and large farmers raise pigs intensively: during the period of 5-7 months pigs are fattened to live weight of approximately 100 kg and sold on the home or foreign markets. Of the 303 pig farms in the region, 98.7% are commercial farms and 1.3% is breeding centres. The large pig farms are well modernised. […] Unfortunately, all the five large-scale complexes do not buy breeding boars and gilts from local Lithuanian breeding centres as they get them from Denmark. North Lithuania region plays an important role in the system of pig breeding. Joint-stock company "Lietuvos veislininkystė" (Šiauliai district) is situated there, under the authority of which department of pig breeding is placed since August 2012 (in Radviliškis district, the ex-State Pig Breeding Station). In the region there are four pig breeding centres (1 for the pig breed of genetic pool: Lithuanian Native and Lithuanian White of the old genotype, and 3 for cultural pig breeds: 1 for Landrace, 1 for Yorkshire and 1 for the active population or the improved Lithuanian White). In the breeding centres for cultural breeds selection process is directed at increasing fertility and milk yield and at improving fattening and meatiness traits. Two breeding centres stand out. Agricultural joint-stock company "Gražionių bekonas" in Radviliškis district is the largest breeding centre for the Landrace pigs breed, and Closed joint-stock company "Berka" in Kelmė district is the only breeding centre in the country for the improved Lithuanian White pigs breed
Correlation between fattening and meatiness traits of pigs bred in Lithuania
No full textKiaulių atskirų produktyvumo požymių tarpusavio ryšio laipsnis priklauso nuo daugelio veiksnių, tačiau vieni svarbiausių yra veislė, bandos genetinė struktūra, produktyvumo lygis ir aplinkos sąlygos. Šio straipsnio tikslas buvo įvertinti Lietuvoje auginamų grynaveislių kiaulių bei jų mišrūnų penėjimosi ir mėsinių savybių tarpusavio priklausomybę (r). Pagal priimtą metodiką 2008-2009 m. Valstybinėje kiaulių veislininkystės stotyje atliktas grynaveislių Lietuvos baltųjų (LB), didžiųjų baltųjų (DB), jorkšyrų (J), landrasų (L), diurokų (D), pjetrenų (P) ir plačiausiai naudojamų derinių mišrūnų (LBxL, DBxL, DBxP, JxL, JxP, JxPxD, LxD, LxPxD) kontrolinis penėjimas ir skerdenų vertinimas. Išanalizavus visų grynaveislių kiaulių (n = 235) ir mišrūnų (n = 341) penėjimosi ir mėsingumo rodiklius, buvo įvertinti šių produktyvumo požymių tarpusavio ryšiai (r). Glaudus ir patikimas tarpusavio ryšys tarp priesvorio per parą ir raumeningumo procento nustatytas grynaveislėms Lietuvos baltųjų, didžiųjų baltųjų, jorkšyrų ir landrasų kiaulėms (r = nuo -0,29 iki -0,58) bei visų tiriamųjų derinių mišrūnams (r = nuo -0,30 iki -0,48). Tad šių veislių kiaulės, kurių priesvoris per parą yra didesnis, pasižymi mažesniu raumeningumu (p<0,05-0,001). Be to, didėjant priesvoriui per parą, storėja minėtų grynaveislių kiaulių ir visų tirtų mišrūnų nugaros lašiniai (atitinkamai r = nuo 0,12 iki 0,46 ir r = nuo 0,33 iki 0,59), tačiau Lietuvos baltosioms šis skirtumas nepatikimas. Didėjant liesos ir rentabilios kiaulienos paklausai, kiaules būtina selekcionuoti pagal augimo spartą ir raumeningumą, nors šie rodikliai tarpusavyje yra sunkiai suderinami. Todėl visų kategorijų ūkiuose (konkrečiose aplinkos sąlygose) tikslinga ieškoti optimalios augimo spartos, itin nemažinančios raumeningumo procento. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Kiaulių veislės; Koreliacija; Mišrūnai; Penėjimosi ir mėsinės savybės; Produktyvumas; Žemės ūkis; Agriculture; Correlation; Fattening and carcass traits; Fattening and meatiness traits; Hybrids; Pig breeds; ProductivityMain task for breeding centres is improvement and multiplication of pigs bred and that of commercial farms is rational use of the breeding progeny in crossbreeding (hybridization) combinations. Pig selection carried out in breeding centres is directed towards higher litter size and milk yield and improvement of fattening and carcass traits. In selection of pigs it is important to consider such selectional and genetic parameters as correlation coefficient. The magnitude of correlation between different productivity indicators ofpigs depends on many factors, but some of the most important are breed, genetic structure ofthe herd, performance level, and environmental conditions. The aim of this article is to estimate the interdependence (r) of fattening and meatiness traits of purebred pigs and their hybrids kept in Lithuania. In 2008-2009 in the State Pig Breeding Station the control fattening and carcass evaluation of purebred Lithuanian Whites (LW), Large Whites (La.W), Yorkshires (Y), Landraces (L), Durocs (D), Pietrains (P) and the widely used hybrid combinations (LWxL, La.WxL, La.WxP, YxL, YxP, YxPxD, LxD, LxPxD) was accomplished by using the accepted methodology. Analysing the fattening and meatiness indicators of all purebred pigs (n=235) and hybrids (n=341), the interrelationships (r) ofthe above-mentioned productivity traits were evaluated. Close and significant correlation between daily gain and leanness was found in purebred Lithuanian White, Large White, Yorkshire and Landrace pigs (r=from -0.29 to -0.58) and all investigated hybrid combinations (r=from - 0.30 to -0.48). Therefore pigs of these breeds, daily gain of which is higher, has less muscularity (p<0,05-0,001). Besides, when daily gain increases, the backfat of abovementioned purebred pigs and hybrids also thicken (r=from 0.12 to 0.46 and r=from 0.33 to 0.59, respectively), though this difference is not statistically significant for Lithuanian Whites. The interdependence intensity of fattening and meatiness traits of Durocs and Pietrains may differ because of the smaller number of these pigs in this research, and also because these are purely fleshy breeds, used in various combinations of commercial crossbreeding (hybridization) only as paternal form. Due to increased demand for lean and profitable pork, it is necessary to select pigs by growth rate and muscularity, though these indicators are hard to combine. Therefore in all categories of farms (concrete environmental conditions) it is reasonable to search for optimal growing rate that does not significantly change the percentage ofmuscularity
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