879 research outputs found
Editorial for the Special Issue on Negative Appraisals in Trauma: Current Status and Future Directions for Research
No full textsj-doc-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076241249267 - Supplemental material for Burst versus continuous delivery design in digital mental health interventions: Evidence from a randomized clinical trial
No full textSupplemental material, sj-doc-2-dhj-10.1177_20552076241249267 for Burst versus continuous delivery design in digital mental health interventions: Evidence from a randomized clinical trial by Marta Anna Marciniak, Lilly Shanahan, Kenneth S L Yuen, Ilya Milos Veer, Henrik Walter, Oliver Tuescher, Dorota Kobylińska, Raffael Kalisch, Erno Hermans, Harald Binder and Birgit Kleim in DIGITAL HEALTH</p
sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076241249267 - Supplemental material for Burst versus continuous delivery design in digital mental health interventions: Evidence from a randomized clinical trial
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076241249267 for Burst versus continuous delivery design in digital mental health interventions: Evidence from a randomized clinical trial by Marta Anna Marciniak, Lilly Shanahan, Kenneth S L Yuen, Ilya Milos Veer, Henrik Walter, Oliver Tuescher, Dorota Kobylińska, Raffael Kalisch, Erno Hermans, Harald Binder and Birgit Kleim in DIGITAL HEALTH</p
Reasons for ordering computed tomography scans of the head in patients with minor brain injury
No full textMinor brain injury is a frequent condition. Validated clinical decision rules can help in deciding whether a computed tomogram (CT) of the head is required. We hypothesized that institutional guidelines are not frequently used, and that psychological factors are a common reason for ordering an unnecessary CT
Network Analyses of Ecological Momentary Emotion and Avoidance Assessments Before and After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
No full textData and code for: Meine, L. E., Müller-Bardorff, M., Recher, D., Paersch, C., Schulz, A., Spiller, T., Galatzer-Levy, I., Kowatsch, T., Fisher, A. J., & Kleim, B. (2024). Network Analyses of Ecological Momentary Emotion and Avoidance Assessments Before and After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102914
ABSTRACT:
Negative emotions and associated avoidance behaviors are core symptoms of anxiety. Current treatments aim to resolve dysfunctional coupling between them. However, precise interactions between emotions and avoidance in patients’ everyday lives and changes from pre- to post-treatment remain unclear. We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial where patients with anxiety disorders underwent 16 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Fifty-six patients (68% female, age: M = 33.31, SD = 12.45) completed ecological momentary assessments five times a day on 14 consecutive days before and after treatment, rating negative emotions and avoidance behaviors experienced within the past 30 minutes. We computed multilevel vector autoregressive models to investigate contemporaneous and time-lagged associations between anxiety, depression, anger, and avoidance behaviors within patients, separately at pre- and post-treatment. We examined pre-post changes in network density and avoidance centrality, and related these metrics to changes in symptom severity. Network density significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment, indicating that after therapy, mutual interactions between negative emotions and avoidance were attenuated. Specifically, contemporaneous associations between anxiety and avoidance observed before CBT were no longer significant at post-treatment. Effects of negative emotions on avoidance assessed at a later time point (avoidance instrength) decreased, but not significantly. Reduction in avoidance instrength positively correlated with reduction in depressive symptom severity, meaning that as patients improved, they were less likely to avoid situations after experiencing negative emotions. Our results elucidate mechanisms of successful CBT observed in patients’ daily lives and may help improve and personalize CBT to increase its effectiveness
Network Analyses of Ecological Momentary Emotion and Avoidance Assessments Before and After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders
No full textData and code for: Meine, L. E., Müller-Bardorff, M., Recher, D., Paersch, C., Schulz, A., Spiller, T., Galatzer-Levy, I., Kowatsch, T., Fisher, A. J., & Kleim, B. (2024). Network Analyses of Ecological Momentary Emotion and Avoidance Assessments Before and After Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102914
ABSTRACT:
Negative emotions and associated avoidance behaviors are core symptoms of anxiety. Current treatments aim to resolve dysfunctional coupling between them. However, precise interactions between emotions and avoidance in patients’ everyday lives and changes from pre- to post-treatment remain unclear. We analyzed data from a randomized controlled trial where patients with anxiety disorders underwent 16 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Fifty-six patients (68% female, age: M = 33.31, SD = 12.45) completed ecological momentary assessments five times a day on 14 consecutive days before and after treatment, rating negative emotions and avoidance behaviors experienced within the past 30 minutes. We computed multilevel vector autoregressive models to investigate contemporaneous and time-lagged associations between anxiety, depression, anger, and avoidance behaviors within patients, separately at pre- and post-treatment. We examined pre-post changes in network density and avoidance centrality, and related these metrics to changes in symptom severity. Network density significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment, indicating that after therapy, mutual interactions between negative emotions and avoidance were attenuated. Specifically, contemporaneous associations between anxiety and avoidance observed before CBT were no longer significant at post-treatment. Effects of negative emotions on avoidance assessed at a later time point (avoidance instrength) decreased, but not significantly. Reduction in avoidance instrength positively correlated with reduction in depressive symptom severity, meaning that as patients improved, they were less likely to avoid situations after experiencing negative emotions. Our results elucidate mechanisms of successful CBT observed in patients’ daily lives and may help improve and personalize CBT to increase its effectiveness
Childhood Trauma and Complex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Older Adults: A Study of Direct Effects and Social-Interpersonal Factors as Potential Mediators
No full textChildhood traumatic events may lead to long-lasting psychological effects and contribute to the development of complex posttraumatic sequelae. These might be captured by the diagnostic concept of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) as an alternative to classic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). CPTSD comprises a further set of symptoms in addition to those of PTSD, namely, changes in affect, self, and interpersonal relationships. Previous empirical research on CPTSD has focused on middle-aged adults but not on older adults. Moreover, predictor models of CPTSD are still rare. The current study investigated the association between traumatic events in childhood and complex posttraumatic stress symptoms in older adults. The mediation of this association by 2 social-interpersonal factors (social acknowledgment as a survivor and dysfunctional disclosure) was investigated. These 2 factors focus on the perception of acknowledgment by others and either the inability to disclose traumatic experiences or the ability to do so only with negative emotional reactions. A total of 116 older individuals (age range = 59–98 years) who had experienced childhood traumatic events completed standardized self-report questionnaires indexing childhood trauma, complex trauma sequelae, social acknowledgment, and dysfunctional disclosure of trauma. The results showed that traumatic events during childhood were associated with later posttraumatic stress symptoms but with classic rather than complex symptoms. Social acknowledgment and dysfunctional disclosure partially mediated this relationship. These findings suggest that childhood traumatic stress impacts individuals across the life span and may be associated with particular adverse psychopathological consequences
Mirror Landing - As Remembered by Birgit Hult
Full text linkNotes - This account, Memories Mirror Landing by Birgit Hult, was compiled by Birgit's daughter, Jean Elvira Male, it documents the Hult family's experiences in Mirror Landing from 1912 - 1916. The Hults, who were originally from Sweden, arrived in Mirror Landing with two young children, a third child was born during their stay in Mirror Landing. Upon arriving in the area, the Hults made friends with the Gauthier family. The wives became good friends and would swap piano lessons for English lessons. Details of the log home where the family lived and the surrounding landscape were recalled. A memory about a large forest fire that occurred near the family home and dances that were attended in the town are discussed. Jean recalls her mother's memories regarding the animosity towards the North West Mounted Police that was felt by the people of Mirror Landing. The Hult family retained a strong connection to the Swedish heritage and practised many Swedish traditions, such as flying the Swedish flag and eating hot cross buns stuffed with Swedish Marzipan soaked in warm milk. Photos and a postcard written in 1915 are included in this article (10 pages
Knowing Through Popular Music in the Western Pacific Island World
No full textPacific Indigenous scholars have long emphasized the role of relationality for Pacific Islanders’ epistemologies. In this article, the author rethinks music in terms of the procedural knowledge inherent in and specific to popular music-making by exploring the latter as knowledge practices in Micronesia. This approach opens new vistas on the relationality at the heart of Western Pacific music-making. The author calls the musical manifestation of that relational capacity sound ties, suggesting that if, following Epeli Hau‘ofa, Oceania is “humanity rising from the depths of brine”, then it is not least the sound ties of knowing in and through music that mould that very humanity of people who are at home with the sea into aquapelagic assemblages that are, after all, so much more than water and land
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