1,721,264 research outputs found
Figure 3 in Oldest fossil loon documents a pronounced ecomorphological shift in the evolution of gaviiform birds
No full textFigure 3. Nasidytes ypresianus gen. et sp. nov. from the early Eocene London Clay of Walton-on-the-Naze (Essex, UK), sternum, pectoral girdle bones and vertebrae of the holotype (NMS.Z.2021.40.24), in comparison to fossil and extant Gaviiformes. A‒D, N. ypresianus, sternum in ventral (A), dorsal (B), left lateral (C) and cranial (D) view. E, F, N. ypresianus, furcula in caudolateral (E) and caudal (F) view. G, H, Gavia stellata (SMF 7241), furcula in caudolateral (G) and caudal (H) view. I, J, N. ypresianus, right coracoid in dorsal (I) and ventral (J) view. K, left coracoid of Colymboides anglicus (holotype, NHMUK A 30330) from the late Eocene of England in dorsal view. L, right coracoid of G. stellata (SMF 7241) in dorsal view. M, N. ypresianus, right scapula in lateral view. N, right scapula of G. stellata (SMF 7241) in lateral view. O, P, N. ypresianus, thoracic (O) and caudal (P) vertebrae. Abbreviations: acr, acromion; apf, apophysis furculae; car, carina sterni; cvx, convexity on medial margin of extremitas sternalis; exo, extremitas omalis; exs, extremitas sternalis; fns, foramen nervi supracoracoidei; pct, processus costales; pla, processus lateralis; plc, pleurocoel; ppc, processus procoracoideus; spe, spina externa; trv, processus transversus. Scale bars: 10 mm.Published as part of Mayr, Gerald & Kitchener, Andrew C., 2022, Oldest fossil loon documents a pronounced ecomorphological shift in the evolution of gaviiform birds, pp. 1431-1450 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196 (4) on page 1436, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac045, http://zenodo.org/record/739062
Figure 8 in Oldest fossil loon documents a pronounced ecomorphological shift in the evolution of gaviiform birds
No full textFigure 8. Summary of phylogenetic interrelationships and stratigraphic occurrences of stem group Gaviiformes and other taxa of Aequornithes; the phylogeny of the extant taxa is based on the studies by Prum et al. (2015) and Kuhl et al. (2021) and differs from the tree topology obtained in the morphology-based analysis performed in the present study. For gaviiform birds, the nodes are characterized by the following characters: (1) hypotarsus with distinct sulci for tendons of musculus flexor hallucis longus and m. flexor perforatus digiti 2; (2) humerus with elongated tuberculum supracondylare ventrale; tibiotarsus with narrow and strongly elongated cristae cnemiales; (3) distal end of ulna with enlarged tuberculum carpale; os metacarpale alulare long and without well-delimited processus extensorius and processus alularis (the carpometacarpus of Colymbiculus is unknown); femur strongly abbreviated and stout; and (4) os carpi ulnare with distinct notch for tendon of musculus ulnometacarpalis ventralis. Stratigraphic occurrences of non-gaviiform Aequornithes (red bars) are from Mayr (2022); the interrupted bars indicate uncertain fossil records for Pelecanidae and Sulidae.Published as part of Mayr, Gerald & Kitchener, Andrew C., 2022, Oldest fossil loon documents a pronounced ecomorphological shift in the evolution of gaviiform birds, pp. 1431-1450 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 196 (4) on page 1442, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac045, http://zenodo.org/record/739062
figure 7 in Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage
No full textfigure 7 Haplotype networks constructed by a statistical parsimony method based on cytochrome b gene sequences. The number of mutational steps between the two closest haplotypes is indicated by hatch marks. Missing intermediate haplotypes are shown as small black circles.Published as part of Cooper, David, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Macdonald, David, Nanova, Olga, Yudin, Viktor, Dugmore, Andrew & Kitchener, Andrew, 2021, Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage, pp. 285-317 in Contributions to Zoology 90 (1) on page 308, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10018, http://zenodo.org/record/834338
figure 3 in Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage
No full textfigure 3 Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov. nmp P6V 144302, holotype, male, 31.81 + 8.51 mm, Kostanjica, Boka Kotorska, Adriatic Sea, Montenegro: head lateral line sensory papillae and canal pores. drawing by m. kovačiĆ.Published as part of Cooper, David, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Macdonald, David, Nanova, Olga, Yudin, Viktor, Dugmore, Andrew & Kitchener, Andrew, 2021, Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage, pp. 285-317 in Contributions to Zoology 90 (1) on page 298, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10018, http://zenodo.org/record/834338
figure 8 in Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage
No full textfigure 8 Haplotype networks constructed by a statistical parsimony method based on rhodopsin gene sequences. The number of mutational steps between the two closest haplotypes is indicated by hatch marks. Missing intermediate haplotypes are shown as small black circles.Published as part of Cooper, David, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Macdonald, David, Nanova, Olga, Yudin, Viktor, Dugmore, Andrew & Kitchener, Andrew, 2021, Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage, pp. 285-317 in Contributions to Zoology 90 (1) on page 310, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10018, http://zenodo.org/record/834338
Novel mtDNA haplotypes represented in the European captive population of the Endangered François’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi)
No full textAssessing the genetic diversity of captive populations of endangered species is key to the successful management of conservation-breeding programs. In this study, we sequenced a 393-bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region of 23 captive individuals of the Endangered François’ langur ( ) to assess the mtDNA diversity of the European captive population and to identify the possible geographical origins of the population founders. Combined with 42 sequences previously published from 29 wild François’ langurs, we identified a total of 40 haplotypes in , including 12 haplotypes in the 23 samples from the European captive population. Only one of the haplotypes from captive animals has previously been reported from wild populations; the remaining 11 haplotypes are newly reported here. Our results suggest that the captive population currently holds a relatively good genetic diversity compared with many other captive populations, that this diversity originates from a fairly broad range across the species’ distribution in the wild, and that the captive population could play a significant role in increasing genetic diversity of isolated wild populations. However, the European captive population is currently quite small, and genetic diversity could be lost rapidly, which has been demonstrated in other captive populations. We recommend further investigation of the genetic diversity of captive and wild populations, as well as the effective conservation of this diversity
figure 4 in Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage
No full textfigure 4 Map of sampling localities of Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov. (circle) and Z. zebrus (square). The type locality of Z. pallaoroi and locality of neotype of Z. zebrus are marked with hatching. The westernmost record of Z. zebrus is indicated by ■. The first record of Millerigobius macrocephalus from Cyprus is indicated by ▲.Published as part of Cooper, David, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Macdonald, David, Nanova, Olga, Yudin, Viktor, Dugmore, Andrew & Kitchener, Andrew, 2021, Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage, pp. 285-317 in Contributions to Zoology 90 (1) on page 300, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10018, http://zenodo.org/record/834338
figure 2 in Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage
No full textfigure 2 Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov. nmp P6V 144300, paratype, male, 27.72 + 6.83 mm, Kostanjica, Boka Kotorska, Adriatic Sea, Montenegro: (A) posterior and anterior nostrils; (B) pelvic fin with anterior membrane; (C) ventrolateral head ridges marked with black arrows and transversal connection marked with a grey arrow, small mental fold visible at the lower lip, anteriorly from the transversal connection of ventrolateral ridges. Zebrus zebrus: nmp P6V 142593, male, 21.84 + 5.6 mm, Selce, Kvarner area, Croatia: (D) posterior and anterior nostrils; (E) pelvic fin with anterior membrane; (F) ventrolateral head ridges marked with black arrows. photos by m. kovačiĆ.Published as part of Cooper, David, Yamaguchi, Nobuyuki, Macdonald, David, Nanova, Olga, Yudin, Viktor, Dugmore, Andrew & Kitchener, Andrew, 2021, Zebrus pallaoroi sp. nov.: a new species of goby (Actinopterygii: Gobiidae) from the Mediterranean Sea with a DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of the Gobius-lineage, pp. 285-317 in Contributions to Zoology 90 (1) on page 296, DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10018, http://zenodo.org/record/834338
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