190,343 research outputs found
Taraxacum subsucculentum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>1.</b> <i>Taraxacum subsucculentum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Usť-Kan, secundum viarum ad pedem orient. clausae Jabaganskij Pereval [Altai, Ust-Kan District, along roads at the E. foot of Yabaganskiy Pereval (= Pass)], alt. ca. 1300 m, 27 Jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 35, collected in 1990 (PRA, no. det. 35980, holotype; isotypes: PRA, no. det. 36399).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—With slightly thickened (“subsucculent”) leaves.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species notabilis petiolis conspicue purpureis angustis, foliis subglabris segmentis patentibus vel subrecurvis late linearibus vel lineari-lingulatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus saturate olivaceo-viridibus vel obscure viridibus angustissime inconspicue marginatis, et acheniis rubro-brunneis brevibus crassiusculis, pyramide saepissime subconica crassa et perbrevi.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, usually to 10–12 cm tall. Petiole vivid purple, glabrous or with a few arachnoid hairs, narrow, unwinged or very narrowly winged; plant base with yellowish-brownish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves bright green to midgreen, of somewhat thicker appearance, glabrous or proximally very sparsely arachnoid, narrow, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 5–8 × 1–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with 3–5 pairs of ± patent or recurved segments, patent segment usually ± linear (or linear-lingulate), distal margin straight to concave, with broader basal part with a single tooth or lobule, proximal margin straight, entire, recurved segments usually triangular or narrowly so, distal margin entire or, in proximal segments, sparsely dentate, ± straight, proximal margin straight, entire; interlobes narrow, usually 1.5–3 mm wide, entire or with a single patent tooth or lobule; terminal segment small, triangular to tripartite, entire or with a single tooth or incision, distal margin concave, basal lobules patent, sometimes ± recurved, proximal margin entire; mid-vein usually purple. Scapes greenish brown-pink, arachnoid or sparsely arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum lighter than mid-yellow, small, usually 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre greyish deep green, usually 7–8 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries (9) 10–12 (13), appressed, almost not imbricate, ovate to narrowly ovate, usually (5.5–) 6–7.5 (–8.5) × (2.2–) 3–3.7 (–4) mm, surface deep green to dark green, border indistinct, membranous to whitish membranous, 0.1–0.2 (–0.3) mm wide, margin ciliate, at least distally, apical part suffused reddish, apex flat to minutely corniculate; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped slightly pinkish deep grey, inner ligule teeth grey-pink. Stigmas greyish green, with darker pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes short but robust, red-brown, (2.9–) 3.2–3.5 (–3.8) × (1.0–) 1.1–1.2 mm, body coarsely, relatively densely spinulose and squamulose in upper 1/3, subabruptly narrowing into a thick ± conical or subconical cone (0.3–) 0.4–0.5 (–0.6) mm long, 0.4–0.5 mm thick at base, 0.3–0.4 mm distally; beak 7.5–8.5 mm long, pappus ± white, 5–6 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 2.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—The most peculiar feature of this species is the length and shape of cone (conical, almost as long as broad, usually 0.5 mm long), and the thick and coarsely spinulose achene body. Bright purple petioles and the mid-vein are also conspicuous.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:— <i>Taraxacum subsucculentum</i> is a widely distributed species known from a series of localities in the Altai Mountains in Russia and from Mongolia. It grows on a wide range of dry, substeppe to semiruderal habitats, also on gravelly substrates along rivers, from ca. 600 m to 1900 m a.s.l.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai, Ust-Kan District, along roads at the E. foot of Yabaganskiy Pereval, alt. ca. 1300 m, 27 Jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 34 (PRA, no. det. 35977). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JK 33 (PRA, no. det. 35979). – Altai, Ongudai District, in ruderalized steppe sites in the vicinity of Tuekta [940 m], 29 Jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 32 (PRA, no. det. 35964). – Altai, Ongudai District, saline meadows in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 11 (PRA, no. det. 35966). – Altai, Ongudai District, saline meadows in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 10 (PRA, no. det. 35970). – Altai, Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of Chagan-Uzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 21 (PRA, no. det. 35968). – Altai, Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of ChaganUzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3402 (PRA, no. det. 35972). – MONGOLIA. Central Mongolia, city of Ulan-Bator, dry places at the foot of Mt. Bogd-ul, south of the city, Aug 1990, <i>J. Soják</i>, cultivated as JK 727 (PRA, no. det. 35982). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JK 723 (PRA, no. det. 35984). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JK 740 (PRA, no. det. 35975).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum ledebourii Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>18.</b> <i>Taraxacum ledebourii</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2551 (PRA, no. det. 35971, holotype; isotypi: PRA, no. det. 36716).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Named after the most renowned botanist in Russia in the 19 th century, Carl Friedrich von Ledebour (1786–1851).</p> <p> <b>Exsiccates</b>:— <i>Taraxaca Exs</i>., no. 1377–1379.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species distinctissima foliis subglabris, interlobiis margine colorato, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus subimbricatis ovatis usque lanceolatis, marginibus membranaceis viridescentibus 0.5–1.0 mm latis, stigmatibus luteis vel sordide luteis, acheniis pallide griseo-stramineis, corpore superne subsparse distincte spinuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam 0.5–0.7 mm longam sensim transeunte.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, subglabrous to sparsely arachnoid, green or faintly suffused pinkish; plant base with yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves mid green, usually subglabrous, often entirely narrowly bordered brown-purple, or dark border confined to interlobes; oblong to linear-oblanceolate in outline, usually 7–11 × (1.0–) 1.5–2.5 cm, deeply pinnatisect; lateral segments usually 4–5 pairs, sometimes deltoid-triangular, usually very narrowly triangular or linear-triangular, patent to recurved, rarely to subhamate-recurved, often narrowed from a broader base into a narrow distal part, distal margin straight, sigmoid to subconcave, sometimes entire, usually with a few little teeth closer to the base, often with a parallel lobule near the distal base, proximal margin straight to sigmoid, usually entire; terminal lobe triangular to tripartite, distal margin subconcave to concave, entire or with 1–2 shallow incisions, basal lobules patent to subrecurved, proximal margin ± straight, entire, patent to subrecurved; mid-vein pale green or suffused pinkish. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, usually 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre light green, 8–11 mm wide and narrowly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 11–16 (17), appressed, subimbricate, ovate to lanceolate, (6.8–) 7.5–8.5 (–9.5) × (2.7–) 3.2–3.9 (–4.8) mm, with a mid-green to dark green middle part, with a gradual transition into a whitish green or marginally membranous-green paler zone usually 0.5–1.0 mm wide, margin sparsely and minutely ciliate, apex darker, ± flat; inner phyllaries usually 13–14 mm long, flat. Outer ligules striped greyish to faintly greyish, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow or pale purplish. Stigmas yellow or ± dirty yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light greyish stramineous-brown, (3.4–) 3.6–3.8 (–4.1) × (0.7–) 0.8 mm, body subsparsely spinulose in upper 1/4, spinules distinct erect-patent, the uppermost ones longest, often almost subpatent, body with a gradual transition into a subcylindrical cone usually 0.5–0.7 × 0.25 mm (cone base often with a few short spinules); beak 9 (–10) mm long, pappus 5–5.5 mm, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 20.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—The diagnostic and rather unusual combination of characters includes numerous, subimbricate, broadly and distinctly bordered outer phyllaries, yellow or almost yellow stigmas, greyish slender achenes with erectpatent to subpatent spinules and a gradual transition into a relatively short subcylindrical cone.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:—A relatively widely distributed south-central Siberian species known from the vicinity of the Bratsk Reservoir, Irkutsk Region, from the Republic of Khakassia and from a series of localities in the Altai (districts of Ongudai, Ust-Ulagan and Kosh-Agach). Dry steppe or semiruderal sites in the Altai, and the gravelly and sandy places near Bratsk, between 400 and 1900 m, are occupied by several species of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>, including <i>T. ledebourii</i>.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] SW. Siberia, Altai Mts., Ongudai District, in the valley of Chuya River, in the vicinity of Chepkan village, 2 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3354 (PRA, no. det. 36726). – Altai Mts., Ongudai District, saline meadows in the vicinity of Aktash village, ca. 1800 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 15 (PRA, no. det. 36713). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JK 16 (PRA, no. det. 36728). – <i>Ibidem</i>, dry sites along the road, cultivated as JK 42 (PRA, no. det. 36715). – SW. Siberia, Altai Mts., Aigulak Khrebet (Ridge), district of Ust-Ulagan, at the Ulaganskiy Pereval (Pass) near the lakes of Myortvye Ozera, 2 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3365 (PRA, no. det. 36723). – SW. Siberia, Altai, Kosh-Agach District, valley of the river Chuya, village of Chagan-Uzun, sandy and gravelly sites near the mouth of river Kuyakh-Tonar, ca. 1900 m, 5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 29 (PRA, no. det. 36717). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JK 17 (PRA, no. det. 36721). – SW. Siberia, Altai Mts., Ongudai District, steppe sites along the road, about 54 km E. of the confluence of Katun’ and Chuya rivers, 2 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 82 (PRA, no. det. 36719). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2551 (PRA, no. det. 36716). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2554 (PRA, no. det. 36724); JŠ 2582 (PRA, no. det. 36722); JŠ 2553 (PRA, no. det. 36720); JŠ 2552 (PRA, no. det. 36718); JŠ 2555 (PRA, no. det. 36712). – Republic of Khakasia, 20 km N of town Shira, quartzite, limestone and schist outcrops in short-grass steppe, 410 m, 54°39’48” N, 89°50’35” E, 18 Jun 2013, <i>J. Vondrák & I. Frolov</i>, cultivated as JŠ 9926 (PRA, no. det. 36963).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum depauperatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>6.</b> <i>Taraxacum depauperatum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, pagus Khabarovka, inter viam publicam et fl. Malyy Iľgumeň haud procul a pago, 29–30 jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3339 (PRA, no. det. 35840, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36638).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—The name is derived from an unusually low number of outer phyllaries.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species insignis foliis paulo glaucescentibus segmentis lateralibus numerosis lineari-triangularibus patentibus, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus paucis, numero plerumque 7–8, adpressis vel laxe adpressis ovatis vel late ovatis, margine membranaceo 0.2–0.3 mm lato, acheniis brunneis, corpore in pyramidem brevem sensim transeunte.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, usually 8–12 cm tall. Petiole usually deep purple, sparsely arachnoid, narrow, unwinged; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves slightly greyish green, subglabrous, oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate in outline, usually 4–10 × 1.3–2.7 cm, with a complicated shape pattern, pinnatisect, with 4–6 pairs of linear-triangular, narrowly triangular or ± linear lateral segments with distal margin (from usually broader lobe base) subconvex, often with basal lobules and teeth, apex acute to acuminate, proximal margin usually ± straight, entire or with a few minute teeth; terminal segment flat deltoid-triangular to almost tripartite, apex obtuse-angled, distal margin often concave, entire or with an incision, basal lobules patent to slightly forward-pointing, proximal margin entire; interlobes relatively broad (often to 4–6 mm), short, usually with lobules and/or teeth; mid-vein proximally purplish, otherwise light green. Scape purplish or brownish green, ± arachnoid, usually overtopping inflorescence. Capitulum lighter yellow, small, usually 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous green, 7–8 mm wide and rounded at base. Outer phyllaries few, 7–8 (10), appressed to ± loosely appressed, almost not imbricate, outer of them ovate to broadly ovate, 4.5–5 × 2.7–3.7 mm, innermost of them usually 5–6 × 1.9–2.5 mm, surface (light) olivaceous-green, border not very distinct, ± membranous, 0.2–0.3 (–0.4) mm wide, margin ciliate, sometimes denticulate, apex darker, corniculate; inner phyllaries (10–) 11–12 mm long, apex flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped grey-purple outside, inner ligule teeth dirty purplish. Stigmas darker discoloured, greyish light green, with darker pubescence outside. Pollen sparsely present, conspicuously irregular in size. Achenes ± medium brown, usually 3.2–3.8 × ca. 0.8 mm, body subdensely, distinctly spinulose in upper 1/3 (spinules erect-patent, relatively long), gradually narrowing into subcylindrical cone 0.6–0.7 (–0.8) mm long; beak 5–6 mm, pappus yellowish white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 7.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic note</b>:— <i>Taraxavum depauperatum</i> is diagnosed by the low number of ovate, bordered outer phyllaries, dark discoloured stigmas and pure brown achenes. The achene body is covered with coarse spinules often curved upwards. <i>Taraxacum depauperatum</i> is similar to <i>T. minuticarpum</i> but differs from the latter in having pure brown achenes, lower number of outer phyllaries and a very different leaf shape.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:— <i>Taraxacum depauperatum</i> is known from a few localities in Ongudai and Ust’-Ulagan Districts in the Altai Mts. It grows on steppe or ruderalised steppe sites, within a relatively broad elevation span.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai Mts., Ongudai District, Khabarovka, between the road and the river Malyy Iľgumeň [ca. 50° 41’ N, 86° 17’ E], 29–30 jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3339 (PRA, no. det. 36638, with duplicates). – Altai Mts., Ongudai District, dry sites along the road in the village of Tuekta, 29 Jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 3408 (PRA, no. det. 36640). – Usť-Ulagan District, range of Kuraiskiy Khrebet, Mt. Aktash, 2600–3050 m, 3–4 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as T 168 (PRA, no. det. 36948).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum divulgatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>9.</b> <i>Taraxacum divulgatum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Novosibirskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Novosibirsk, graminosis ruderalibusque ad crepidinem amnis Ob, contra plateam “Krasnyj Prospekt” in centro urbis Novosibirsk [Novosibirsk centre, dam of River Ob, ruderalized grassy sites facing the street of Krasny Prospekt], 22 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2686, collected in 1988 (PRA, no. det. 35959, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36694).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Widespread.</p> <p> <b>Exsiccates</b>:— <i>Taraxaca Exs</i>., no. 1357–1367.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species distincta, satis vulgata, insignis foliis lobo terminali plerumque tripartito, segmentis lateralibus patentibus angustis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, aequabiliter saturate olivaceo-viridibus marginibus angustissimis fere invisibilibus, stigmatibus pallide viridescentibus, necnon acheniis brevibus, mediocriter brunneis paulo rubescentibus vel brunneosubcinnamomeis, pyramide brevi anguste cylindrica.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, rarely to medium-sized, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole brownish green, narrow, unwinged or very narrowly winged, sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves ± mid-green, not spotted, sparsely arachnoid on mid-vein beneath or ± glabrous, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 6–11 × (1.7–) 2–2.5 (–3) cm, deeply pinnatisect, with (4) 5–6 (7) pairs of patent, less often subrecurved narrowly triangular-deltoid or lineardeltoid lateral segments with distal margin concave, less often straight or sigmoid, entire or with 1 (–2) basal incisions or lobules, proximal margin ± straight, entire; terminal segment most often tripartite with linear or narrowly triangular distal part and linear to linear-triangular, patent or forward-pointing entire basal lobules; interlobes narrow, distinct, usually 3–6 × 2 (–2.5) mm, entire or with a few patent teeth, sometimes dark bordered; mid-vein adaxially usually faintly suffused brownish pink, or light green. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid or densely arachnoid, subequalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre olivaceous-green, not pruinose or slightly so, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 12–14, appressed, ± not imbricate, ovate-lanceolate, less often to ovate, the outermost ones sometimes linear-lanceolate, ca. 1 mm wide, (5–) 6–7.5 (–8.5) × (1–) 2–2.8 (–3.1) mm, surface homogeneously deep olivaceous-green, sometimes with a thin blackish green middle line, border almost invisible, membranous, 0.1 (–0.2) mm wide, margin ciliate, apical part often suffused reddish, apex flat to minutely dark corniculate; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, flat to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped pale pinkish grey to light grey, inner ligule teeth grey-purple. Stigmas very pale greenish yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes slightly reddish medium brown or light medium brown with a cinnamon tinge, 2.9–3.8 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body subdensely but distinctly spinulose in upper 1/4, subgradually narrowing into a thin cylindrical cone 0.7–0.9 × 0.2– 0.25 mm; beak 7–8 mm long, pappus yellowish white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 10.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—The appressed, evenly olivaceous-green, borderless outer phyllaries, in combination with the numerous, narrow, patent leaf segments, and the peculiar medium brown achene colour of this species are diagnostic within <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>. When compared with other members of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>, <i>T. divulgatum</i> seems to be very close to <i>T. jacuticum</i>. Although the comparison is rather hindered by the scanty material of <i>T. jacuticum</i>, the following differences characterize <i>T. divulgatum</i>: primarily it is the medium brown colour of achenes, with a cinnamon or slightly reddish tinge (achenes are deep red-brown in <i>T. jacuticum</i>), longer outer phyllaries with a very narrow, almost invisible border, a longer beak and paler stigmas.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and ecology</b>:— <i>Taraxacum divulgatum</i> was sampled at almost all the Siberian localities visited by us in 1985: Novosibirsk, Irkutsk, Baikal Lake and Bratsk. In addition, it was also found on the slopes of the Klyuchevskaya Volcano, Kamchatka. It grows on a wide range of dry grassland habitats, even semiruderal, and on gravelly and sandy sites along rivers or lakes, usually between 100 and 500 m a.s.l.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, city of Irkutsk, grasslands in the centre, near the church, not far from Angara hotel, 25 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2688 (PRA, no. det. 35961). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2689 (PRA, no. det. 35963). – S. Siberia, city of Irkutsk, grasslands and ruderal sites along the banks of Angara River in the city centre, 25 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2693 (PRA, no. det. 36700). – City of Irkutsk, Baikal Lake, village of Listvyanka, steppe slopes above the port in the village [ca. 51° 51’ N, 104° 52’ E, ca. 500 m a.s.l.], 26 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2536 (PRA, no. det. 36696). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2578 (PRA, no. det. 36698). – S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2576 (PRA, no. det. 36691). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2577 (PRA, no. det. 36702). – [Novosibirskaya oblast] Novosibirsk, a quarter called Akademgorodok, in lawns in the vicinity of the “Dom Uchonych” hotel, 21 Jun 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated as JK 84 (PRA, no. det. 36697). – Novosibirsk, grasslands and semiruderal sites along the embankment of the River Ob, near Krasny Prospekt in the city centre, 22 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2562 (PRA, no. det. 36695). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 1578/9 (PRA, no. det. 36699). – The Far East [Kamchatsky krai], Kamchatka, Klyuchevskaya Volcano, near old volcanological station on the N slope of the volcano, 56°09’ N, 160°48’ E, 926 m, 20 Jul 2003, <i>R. K. Brummitt & S. McDonald 20853</i>, cultivated as JŠ 8158 (PRA, no. det. 36965); <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 8943 (PRA, no. det. 36967).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum varians Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>26.</b> <i>Taraxacum varians</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Koš-Agač, in valle fl. Čuja, ad ostium fl. Tjurguň [SW. Siberia, the Altai Mts., Kosh-Agach District, valley of Chuya River, near the confluence with Tyurgun’ River], 5 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner</i>, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3403 as T 209 (PRA, no. det. 35974, holotype; isotypes: PRA, no. det. 36631).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Varying, variegate, fluctuasting.</p> <p> <b>Exsiccates</b>:— <i>Taraxaca Exs</i>., no. 1354–1355.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species distincta foliis pinnatisectis, lobis lateralibus numerosis, utroque latere numero 5–8, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus erectis vel erecto-patentibus marginibus pallidis latis, necnon acheniis rubro-brunneis, corpore in pyramidem subcylindricam, saepissime 0.8–0.9 mm longam subsensim transeunte.</i> </p> <p>Plants medium-sized, sometimes small, usually to 15 cm tall. Petiole light brownish pink or only bordered pink, short, unwinged to narrowly winged; plant base with dense light brownish hairs, tunic ± developed. Leaves numerous, slightly greyish mid-green, not spotted, sparsely arachnoid beneath, later ± glabrescent, linear-elliptic in outline, usually 7–12 × 1.5–2.5 cm, pinnatisect, with 5–8 pairs of patent, less often subrecurved, relatively short, usually narrowly triangular, less often deltoid-triangular or linear-triangular lateral segments 0.7–1.2 cm long, distal margin usually straight, sometimes subconcave, usually with one or several little teeth, often also with an acute lobule in the angle between the segment and the distal interlobe, proximal margin ± straight, entire, seldom with a single little tooth, apex acute; terminal segment triangular to subtripartite, relatively short, distal margins straight to subconcave, entire or with a sigle distinct tooth or a basal incision, basal lobules patent, proximal margin entire; interlobes usually short, sometimes narrowly bordered purple, entire or with a few little teeth; mid-vein pale green to pinkish. Scapes brownish green, arachnoid to sparsely so, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre slightly greyish deep green, usually 8–9 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries usually 13–16, ± not imbricate, most often erect to erect-patent, some patent to arcuate-patent, of variable shape, usually lanceolate, but some (the innermost ones) sometimes linear to linear lanceolate, usually 8–9.5 (–10) × (1.2–) 2.5–3.5 mm, abaxially deep green with a greyish hue, with a usually distinct whitish-membranous border (0.2–) 0.3–0.4 (–0.5) mm wide, and an adjacent paler zone up to 1 mm wide, margin initially ciliate, later usually glabrescent, apical part often suffused pinkish, apex flat, callose or corniculate; inner phyllaries usually 13–15 mm long, often corniculate. Outer ligules flat, usually striped deep greenish grey, sometimes purplish grey, inner ligule teeth grey-purple. Stigmas light greenish with grey pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes red-brown, usually 3.5–3.7 × 0.7–0.8 mm, body subdensely shortly spinulose/squamulose in upper 1/4, subgradually narrowing into a subcylindrical cone 0.8–0.9 (–1.1) mm long, 0.3 mm thick at base, ca. 0.25 mm distally; beak 7.5–8 mm, pappus ± white, 5–5.5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 29.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—Among members of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>, <i>T. varians</i> is distinct in its relatively robust growth, numerous leaf lateral segments, outer phyllaries not appressed, of a relatively narrow shape, and distinctly pale bordered. The size, spinulosity and cone length of achenes appear to be relatively variable (Fig. 29 B).</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:—It is known from the Altai Mts., from several sites in the valley of the Chuya River in Ust-Ulagan District and the western part of Koch-Agach District. It grows on gravelly and sandy alluvial sites along rivers and at disturbed, dry sites in the village vicinity, usually between 1700 and 1900 m a.s.l.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Respublika Altay] Altai, Ust-Ulagan District, dry sites along the road near the village of Aktash, 2 Jul 1988, <i>J. Kirschner 206</i>, cultivated from achenes of JŠ 3368 as T 206 (PRA, no. det. 35976). – <i>Ibidem</i>, <i>J</i>. Kirschner, cultivated as JŠ 3368 (PRA, no. det. 35978).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum tilesianum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>7.</b> <i>Taraxacum tilesianum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2600 (PRA, no. det. 35965, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 35969).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Named after the famous biologist and traveller, W. G. Tilesius von Tilenau, 1769–1857.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Plantae foliis glabrescentibus dissectissimis, segmentis foliorum lateralibus linearibus vel lineari-lingulatis angustissimis, interlobiis acute lobulatis et dentibus filiformibus praeditis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, ovatis vel ovatolanceolatis, aequabiliter obscure viridibus, marginibus fere invisibilibus membranaceis usque ad 0.1 mm latis, acheniis pallide griseo-stramineis, superne saepe rubescentibus, corpore breviter spinuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam 0.5–0.7 mm longam sensim transeunte.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, usually to 12 cm tall. Petiole narrow, unwinged, green or ± purplish, subglabrous to very sparsely arachnoid; plant base with tunic, with brownish hairs. Leaves mid-green to greyish green, subglabrous, oblong-linear or linear-oblanceolate in outline, usually 5–9.5 × 1–2.4 cm, deeply dissected into ± linear, acuminate lateral segments and lobulate-dentate interlobes, lateral segments usually 4–6 pairs, linear to linear-lingulate, usually 5–11 mm long, ca. 1–1.3 mm wide in the middle, acute to acuminate, distal margin ± straight to subconcave, sometimes ± dilated at base, often with 1–2 acuminate lobules at base, proximal margin ± straight, entire; terminal lobe tripartite, with short, linear distal lobe and basal lobules; interlobes with acuminate lobules and usually also with a few filiform teeth, dark bordered; mid-vein slightly purplish or light green. Scapes arachnoid, usually brownish green, usually overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, usually 2–3 cm wide. Involucre dark green, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded to subtruncate at base. Outer phyllaries most often 12–15, appressed, subimbricate to not imbricate, ovate to ovatelanceolate, often quite abruptly narrowed in an acuminate tip, usually (6.0–) 6.5–8.5 × (2.5–) 3–3.5 mm, surface evenly dark (± greyish) green, often darker and suffused purplish near apex, border absent or almost invisible, membranous, ca. 0.1 mm wide, margin not ciliate, glabrous, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 12–14 mm long, flat. Outer ligules flat, striped purplish grey outside, inner ligule teeth ± grey. Stigmas light discoloured, pale greyish yellow or pale greenish yellow, sometimes with sparse greyish pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light grey, often distally with pinkish hue, usually 3.5–4.0 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body subsparsely covered with short erectpatent spinules in upper 1/4 (some spinules often on basal part of the cone), gradually narrowing into a subcylindrical cone 0.5–0.7 × 0.3 mm; beak 7–7.5 mm long, pappus white, ca. 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 8.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—A combination of ± glabrous, deeply dissected leaves with numerous acute linear lobes and lobules, the borderless glabrous outer phyllaries, and greyish (distally often pinkish) achenes with a body very gradually narrowing into a short cone, clearly distinguishes <i>T. tilesianum</i> from the other members of the section <i>Dissecta</i>.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and ecology</b>:—Known from a single macrolocality situated along the shore of the Bratsk reservoir on the Angara River, at about 400 m a.s.l. It grows on gravelly and sandy open places and adjacent grasslands.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2600 (PRA, no. det. 35969, with duplicates). – <i>Ibidem</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2599 (PRA, no. det. 36711).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum obscurum Stepanek & Kirschner 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>16.</b> <i>Taraxacum obscurum</i> Štěpánek & Kirschner, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast]. Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk: ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More” (ca. 2 km situ a vallo) prope partem Padun urbis Bratsk, 28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2556, collected in 1988 (PRA, no. det. 36956, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36954).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Dark, unclear, hidden.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Plantae insignes acheniis mediocriter brunneis vel saturate brunneis, pyramide tenui ± cylindrica, antheris polline carentibus, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus adpressis, apice laxe adpressis, late ovatis vel ovatis, obscure griseo-viridibus, marginibus pallidis angustissimis, segmentis et interlobiis foliorum saepissime integris.</i> </p> <p>Plants small, usually 6–8 cm tall, later (fruiting plants) to 14 cm. Petiole narrow, unwinged or narrowly winged, usually 2–2.5 cm long, most often suffused purplish; root often with several heads, tunic developed, dark brown, plant base with dense greyish or light brownish arachnoid hairs among petiole bases. Leaf rosette compact, with numerous leaves. Leaves erect-patent to patent, ± glabrous or subglabrous (hairs scattered along mid-vein adaxially), not spotted, rarely with inconspicuous sparse little brown-purple spots (visible only on late leaves), narrowly elliptical to narrowly oblanceolate, usually 5–7 × 1.5–2.5 cm, regularly pinnatipartite to pinnatisect; lateral segments in 3 (4) pairs, usually subrecurved to patent, sometimes hamate-subrecurved, rarely pointing forwards, usually 5–9 mm long, 2–5 mm wide at base, usually ± abruptly narrowed from a broad base to an elongated to lingulate, acute to acuminate distal part, distal margin usually sigmoid, entire, proximal margin straight to subconvex, entire; terminal segment relatively small, broadly triangular to triangular in outline, often trilobed, usually 5–12 × 9–14 mm, terminal part usually broadly lingulate, obtusely acute, entire, basal lobules, usually patent, triangular to narrowly lingulate, entire; interlobes relatively broad, usually 2–4 × 2.5–5 mm, not bordered or only very indistinctly so, margin distally ± raised, entire or with a single little thin tooth. Scapes irregularly arachnoid, ± pale green, suffused purplish at base, later purplish also below capitulum, usually 4–7 cm long, ± equalling leaves. Capitulum yellow, flat to subconvex, small, 2–2.5 cm wide. Involucre ca. 7 mm wide and rounded to subtruncate at base. Outer phyllaries 11–15, appressed (apical 1/3 loosely appressed), relatively short, reaching ½ of the inner phyllaries, broadly ovate to ovate (the uppermost ones often lanceolate), ± not imbricate, (4–) 5.5–6.5 × (2.5–) 3–4 mm, surface ± evenly dark olivaceous-green (almost black-green when dry), with an abrupt transition in a ± translucent, dirty whitish border 0.1–0.25 mm wide, margin initially densely ciliate distally, later ± glabrescent, apex often minutely corniculate; inner phyllaries 8–10 mm long, of slightly unequal width, with a dark, often minutely corniculate apex. Outer ligules flat, narrowly striped greyolivaceous outside, apical teeth brownish, inner ligule teeth yellow. Stigmas light to medium discoloured, greyish yellow-green, hairs of pubescence often dark distally. Pollen absent.Achenes ± medium dark brown, 3.7–4.4 × 0.9–1.0 mm, achene body ± densely spinulose (spinules suberect to erect-patent, up to 0.35 mm long) in upper 1/3–1/4, otherwise tuberculate, lateral ridges moderately distinct, serrulate in upper 1/3–1/2, body subgradually narrowing into a subcylindrical to cylindrical cone 0.6–1.0 mm long; beak 6–7 mm long, pappus whitish to dirty white, 5 mm long. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 18.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—The medium dark brown achenes, the ovate outer phyllaries with a very narrow pale border, and the absence of pollen are diagnostic. In addition, distinct, long spinules on the achene body, and usually a total absence of teeth or lobules make a difference from <i>T. spadiceum</i>. Relatively dark outer phyllaries with a narrow but distinct paler border recall <i>T. dorchocarpum</i> of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Erythrocarpa</i> (Štěpánek & Kirschner 2022).</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:— <i>Taraxacum obscurum</i> is confined to a single macrolocality along the western shore of the Bratsk Reservoir on River Angara. The relatively dry, denuded, sandy and gravelly shore habitat with sparse vegetation is rich in dandelions, and <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i> is richly represented there.</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum spadiceum Kirschner & Stepanek
No full text15. Taraxacum spadiceum Kirschner & Štěpánek in Ge et al. (2011: 323) Type:— CHINA. Xinjiang, “Tian Shan: praeruptus alveus fluminis Houxia dictus” [a canyon of Houxia River], May 1999, P. Sekerka, D. Y. Zhan & V. Huml s.n., cultivated as JŠ 7381 (PRA, no. det. 36148, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36150). Etymology:—The name is derived from the deep brown to dark castaneous-brown colour of achenes. Plants small, 8–11 cm tall. Petiole green or purplish brown, narrow, sparsely arachnoid, plant base with tunic; leaf blade mid-green, linear-oblanceolate in outline, 3.5–8 × 0.7–1.3 cm, sparsely arachnoid, deeply pinnatisect, midvein green to pinkish and ± glabrous; lateral lobes 4 or 5 pairs, narrowly triangular to linear-triangular, ca. 5 × 2 mm, patent to subrecurved, distal margin convex or straight and entire or sparsely dentate; interlobes narrow, margin usually denticulate; terminal lobe narrowly triangular to 3-partite, margin entire. Scapes brownish or purplish green, overtopping leaves, sparsely arachnoid. Capitulum yellow, to 2.5 cm wide. Involucre 7–8 mm wide, base rounded. Outer phyllaries 10–13, subimbricate, ovate to broadly ovate, outermost ones (3–) 5–6 × 2.2–4 mm and 1/3–1/2 as long as inner ones, appressed, border distinct, narrow, whitish, ca. 0.1–0.2 mm, margin ciliate, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 1–1.4 cm, apex blackish callose or flat. Ligules yellow; outer ligules flat, striped purplish grey outside; inner ligules with yellow or grey apical teeth. Stigmas light greyish green. Anthers without pollen. Achenes pure brown or castaneous brown, 3.2–3.8 × 0.7–0.8 mm; body subdensely spinulose in upper ca. 1/4, ± subgradually narrowing into a thin, ± cylindrical cone 0.6–0.8 mm; beak ca. 6 mm; pappus white, 4–5 mm. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 17. Diagnostic notes:— Taraxacum pubescens differs from T. spadiceum in fruit colour and in having broadly bordered outer phyllaries. Moreover, most of the other members of T. sect. Dissecta are polliniferous. Taraxacum (Macrocornuta) pawlodarskum from Kazakhstan has a very different leaf shape and fruit colour (see notes on the unclear taxa at the end of the text). Taraxacum obscurum has entire leaf segments and interlobes. Distribution and habitat:—Known from the eastern Tian Shan, Xinjiang, China. Dry gravelly slopes, dry grasslands, 500–1000 m.Published as part of Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1) on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/778027
Taraxacum ovatum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>5.</b> <i>Taraxacum ovatum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Irkutsk, locis graminosis inter fl. Ušakovka et monasterium, in peripheria urbis Irkutsk [City of Irkutsk, grasslands between the river Ushakovka and the Znamenskiy Monastery, in suburbs of Irkutsk, at 52°17’53” N, 104°17’41” E, 430 m], 25 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek 1583/20</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2696 (PRA, no. det. 35839, holotype; isotype: PRA, no. det. 36682).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—Derived from the ovate shape of outer phyllaries.</p> <p> <b>Exsiccates</b>:— <i>Taraxaca Exs</i>., no. 1376.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Differt a speciebus ceteris Sibiricis e sectione Dissectorum involucris obscure olivaceo-viridibus, basi 9–11 mm latis, phyllariis exterioribus adpressis, late ovatis usque ovato-lanceolatis, plerumque aequabiliter obscure viridibus marginibus inconspicuis membranaceis 0.4–0.8 mm latis, acheniis pallide fusco-stramineis corpore conspicue dense squamuloso, in pyramidem subcylindricam crassiusculam subabrupte transeunte.</i> </p> <p>Plants small to medium-sized, usually to 10–13 (–16) cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, sometimes winged, often suffused purplish, sparsely arachnoid; plant base with whitish hairs, tunic not seen in the cultivated material. Leaves ± mid-green, sparsely arachnoid to subglabrous, narrowly oblong in outline, usually 7–11 (–16) × (2.0–) 2.5–3 (–4) cm, deeply pinnatisect, usually with (4) 5–6 (7) pairs of patent to ± recurved, triangular-deltoid to narrowly triangular lateral segments with distal margin usually sigmoid to concave, sometimes straight, usually with several little teeth or 1–2 linear lobules to the broader basal part of the segment, proximal margin straight to subconvex, usually entire; terminal segment triangular to triangular-sagittate, sometimes tripartite, with distal margin straight to concave, entire or with a single tooth; interlobes short, of variable width, usually with 1–3 lobules, or sparsely dentate, rarely entire; mid-vein frequently suffused light brownish purple. Scapes brownish green or purplish, arachnoid, subequalling inflorescence. Capitulum yellow, ca. 3.5–4 cm wide. Involucre dark olivaceous-green, 9–11 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries 10–15, appressed, ± not imbricate, broadly ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 6–9 × (2.5–) 3–4 (–5) mm, surface ± dark green, border not distinct, ± membranous, 0.4–0.8 mm wide, sometimes inconspicuously bordered by a paler zone inside, altogether to 1 mm wide, margin ciliate, apex ± flat; inner phyllaries 13–14 mm long, ± flat. Outer ligules flat, striped light grey to light pinkish grey, inner ligule teeth greyish-purplish. Stigmas yellow-green, usually with a dark pubescence outside. Pollen present, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes light grey-stramineous, ca. 3.7–4.1 × 1.0– 1.1 mm, densely and conspicuously squamulose in upper 1/3, subabruptly narrowing into a relatively thick subcylindrical cone 0.6–0.8 (–1.0) × ca. 0.35 mm; beak 8–9 mm long, pappus ca. 5.5 mm long, ± white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 6.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:—A rather unusually robust plant among members of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>, it is characterized by light grey-stramineous, relatively thick achenes with a conspicuous squamulosity, numerous leaf lateral segment with distinct lobules and teeth, and the broad, ovate outer phyllaries with a relatively broad but not very distinct membranous border.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:— <i>Taraxacum ovatum</i> is known from a single locality in the suburbs of Irkutsk, where it grows in semiruderal grasslands, at about 430 m a.s.l.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] City of Irkutsk, grasslands between the river Ushakovka and the [Znamenskiy] Monastery, in suburbs of Irkutsk [ca. 52° 17’ 53” N, 104° 17’ 41” E, 430 m a.s.l.], 25 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek 1583/20</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2696 (PRA, no. det. 36682, with duplicates).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
Taraxacum vadosum Kirschner & Stepanek 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <b>27.</b> <i>Taraxacum vadosum</i> Kirschner & Štěpánek, <i>sp. nov.</i></p> <p> <b>Type</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] Sibiria merid., urbs Bratsk, ad ripam sinistram lacus structilis “Bratskoe More”, ca. 10 km situ a vallo, ad marg. partis centralis urbis Bratsk, haud procul a deversorio “Bratsk”, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2575 (PRA, no. det. 35850, holotype; isotypi: PRA, no. det. 36680).</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>:—With shallows.</p> <p> <i> <i>Diagnosis</i>:—Species insignis foliis glaucescentibus, petiolis anguste alatis, phyllariis involucralibus exterioribus laxe adpressis usque erecto-patentibus, lanceolatis, marginibus latis sed inconspicuis, apice saepe corniculatis, acheniis pallide brunneis, pallide cinnamomeo-badiis vel pallide fulvo-brunneis, et pyramide brevi, subcylindrica.</i> </p> <p>Plants small to medium-sized, 7–13 cm tall. Petiole usually narrowly winged, green or purplish, arachnoid; plant base with dense yellowish hairs, tunic developed. Leaves greyish green to mid-green, sparsely arachnoid, narrowly oblong in outline, 6–11 × 1.5–2.8 cm, with heterophyly; some leaves undivided, dentate to sinuate-dentate, rarely some pinnatisect leaves with 4–6 pairs of dense, recurved narrowly triangular, acuminate to acute, denticulate lateral segments, most leaves pinnatisect to pinnatifid, with 3–4 pairs of ± patent or less often recurved, narrowly triangular to narrowly deltoid, distal margin straight to subconcave, sometimes sigmoid, most often with several little teeth, proximal margin usually ± straight, entire; terminal segment triangular to almost tripartite, usually ± entire, or with a deep incision, or with a single little tooth, basal lobules ± patent, sometimes subrecurved; interlobes often broad to 3–5 mm wide, entire or denticulate, often with a brown-purple patch on interlobe surface; mid-vein most often suffused purplish brown. Scapes brownish to purplish green, ± sparsely arachnoid, overtopping leaves. Capitulum yellow, 2.5–3.5 cm wide. Involucre ± olivaceous-green, usually 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries (12) 13–16 (17), loosely appressed, erect to erect-patent, not imbricate, ± lanceolate, 8–10 (–11) × (2.0–) 2.6–3.2 (–4.2) mm, border not conspicuous, ± membranous, sometimes whitish-membranous or greenish-membranous, 0.5–0.8 (– 1.0) mm wide, with a ± gradual transition into the greyish deep olivaceous-green middle part with apical part suffused pinkish, margin ciliate, apex ± corniculate to callose. Outer ligules flat, striped greyish outside, inner ligule teeth dirty yellow. Stigmas light greenish yellow to dirty yellow. Pollen present, pollen grains slightly irregular in size. Achenes light brown or light fulvous-brown to light cinnamon-brown, 3.7–4.1 × 0.8–0.9 mm, body densely spinulose in upper 1/3, subgradually to subabruptly narrowing into subcylindrical cone (0.5–) 0.6–0.8 (–0.9) × ca. 0.3 mm; beak 7–8 mm, pappus 5–6 mm, yellowish white. – Agamosperm. – Fig. 30.</p> <p> <b>Diagnostic notes</b>:— <i>Taraxacum vadosum</i>, although a member of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Dissecta</i>, exhibits some features of <i>T.</i> sect. <i>Borealia</i>, for instance the leaf shape, and posture, shape and coloration of outer phyllaries. It is distinct in its peculiar achene colour, ± cylindrical cone shape, heterophyllous leaf shape pattern and subappressed to erect-patent, lanceolate outer phyllaries.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:— <i>Taraxacum vadosum</i> is known from a single macrolocality along the western shore of the Bratsk Reservoirs, growing in sparse grasslands and sandy to gravelly sites at about 400 m a.s.l.</p> <p> <b>Specimens examined</b>:—[RUSSIA, Irkutskaya oblast] S. Siberia, town of Bratsk, west shore of the “Bratskoe More” reservoir, about 10 km from the dam, not far from the “Bratsk” hotel, 27–28 Oct 1985, <i>J. Kirschner & J. Štěpánek</i>, cultivated as JŠ 2575 (PRA, no. det. 36680, with numerous duplicates).</p>Published as part of <i>Kirschner, Jan & Štěpánek, Jan, 2023, A taxonomic revision of Taraxacum sect. Dissecta, a continental steppe group common in Siberia and adjacent regions of Central Asia, pp. 1921-1935 in Phytotaxa 590 (1)</i> on pages 1921-1935, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7780271">http://zenodo.org/record/7780271</a>
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