1,721,542 research outputs found
Visualization and quantification of disease progression in multiple system atrophy
No full textTo visualize and quantify disease progression in multiple system atrophy (MSA) from cerebellar type (MSA-C), we combined two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques, voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and 3D-based volumetry. Patients suffering from MSA-C (n = 14) were imaged twice with an interval of 2.0 +/- 0.2 years. We first applied VBM to map brain morphology changes between MSA patients and controls and to identify brain areas that showed a significant amount of atrophy. Using 3D-based volumetry, we confirmed that in MSA-C patients, the brainstem including medulla and pons, vermis and cerebellar hemispheres, caudate nucleus and putamen showed significant atrophy compared with controls. Next, we used 3D-based volumetry to analyze the atrophy rates. Atrophy rates in patients with MSA were significantly different from controls for putamen (- 11.4% +/- 2.6%/year), vermis (-12.3% +/- 2.9%/year), and cerebellar hemispheres (-6.6% +/- 1.1%/year). The results show that 3D-based MRI volumetry is a tool that allows the disease progression of MSA to be followed over a time period of 2 years and suggest that it may serve as a surrogate marker in clinical trials to measure disease progression. (C) 2006 Movement Disorder Society
Lion tiger stripes : neural correlates of indirect semantic priming across processing modalities
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Der Einfluss des Schizophrenie-Risikogens Dysbindin 1 auf die Gehirnaktivierung im bilateralen mittleren frontalen Gyrus während einer Arbeitsgedächtnisaufgabe bei gesunden Individuen
No full textDer Einfluss des DTNBP1-Schizophrenierisikogens auf Kognition und Persönlichkeit bei gesunden Probanden
No full textDer Einfluss des genetischen Neuregulin-1-Status auf Persönlichkeitsmerkmale und kognitive Variablen bei Gesunden
No full textGedächtniseffekte der Sprach- und Gestikintegration : kortikale und hippokampale Aktivierungen im Bezug zur Gedächtnisleistung
No full textDer Einfluss des Schizophrenie-Risikogens Dysbindin 1 auf die Gehirnaktivierung im bilateralen mittleren frontalen Gyrus während einer Arbeitsgedächtnisaufgabe bei gesunden Individuen
No full textEmotionale Verarbeitung bei der Depression unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Emotion Angst
No full textFrom preliminary studies, it is well known that depressive patients have major problems in the perception and digestion of emotions. Due to this deficits, depressive patients experience restrictions in communicating and interacting with their social environment. The digestion of emotions, especially negative ones, seem to be altered pathologically and is of crucial importance for the depression. In order to investigate the ability of depressive patients to discriminate between negative and neutral facial expressions, the Fan (fear-anger-neutral) test has been developed. It has been designed to faciliate imaging studies for serial testing of participants. The benefits of the Fan test are its short duration, the use of standardized images, an automated response as well as its applicability during ongoing fMRI studies. Using the Fan test together with complementary studies, reactions of depressive patients were compared to those of healthy participants in order to test a possible reduction in the perception and digestions of emotional facial expressions. Groups of patients and healthy patients were matched with regard to age, gender and education. Generally, depressive patients show a reduces ability to differentiate between emotional and neutral facial expressions. Based on a reduced quality and o prolonged time of reaction, the classification of the emotions fear seems to be very difficult for depressive patients. Compared to healthy patients, they classified the emotional expressions fear as being neutral significantly more often. Simultaneously, a reduction of emotional induction could be observed in the course of the test. For the patients, this relation has been interpreted as a means of compensation. Giving a neutral valence to negative facial expressions reduced their axiety. Furthermore, the more anxious patients described themselves, the better war their observed reaction due to an increased attention. As a summary, a slower reaction on emotional information in form of facial expressions could be observed for depressive patients in comparison with healthy participants. This might be the reason for a reduced ability of social interaction in the course of a depression. Moreover, the Fan test proved to be suitable for further fMRI studies to investigate emotional disorders of depressive patients. Therewith, some corrections regarding the design of the Fan test were made
Dataset: Temporal recalibration in response to delayed visual feedback of active versus passive actions
No full text<p>Data set related to the manuscript: </p><p>Kufer, K., Schmitter, C. V, Kircher, T., Straube, B., 2023. Temporal recalibration in response to delayed visual feedback of active versus passive actions: An fMRI study. https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-3493865/V1</p><p>Abstract:</p><p>The brain can adapt its expectations about the relative timing of actions and their sensory outcomes in a process known as temporal recalibration. This might occur as the recalibration of timing between the outcome and (1) the motor act (sensorimotor) or (2) tactile/proprioceptive information (inter-sensory). This fMRI recalibration study investigated sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration by comparing active and passive conditions. Subjects were repeatedly exposed to delayed (150ms) or undelayed visual stimuli, triggered by active or passive button presses. Recalibration effects were tested in delay detection tasks, including visual and auditory outcomes. We showed that both modalities were affected by visual recalibration. However, an active advantage was observed only in visual conditions. Recalibration was generally associated with the left cerebellum (lobules IV, V and vermis) while action related activation (active > passive) occurred in the right middle/superior frontal gyrus during adaptation and test phases. Recalibration transferred from vision to audition was related to action specic activations in the cingulate cortex, the angular gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus. Our data provide new insights in sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration via the superior frontal gyrus and inter-sensory contributions mediated by the cerebellum.</p>
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