1,721,060 research outputs found
Transconjunctival approach for retrobulbar intraconal orbital cavernous hemangiomas. Orbital surgeon's perspective. Surg Neurol 2005;64 : 71-4 - Response
No full textIntraocular Metastases
No full textMetastatic intraocular tumors are important for ophthalmologists to identify, as these tumors may be the first sign of a systemic cancer or imply recurrence of the disease, most often at an advanced stage. Breast and lung carcinomas are the two most common neoplasms that metastasize to intraocular structures, and the choroid is the most frequent site at which these tumors are deposited. Lateral parts of the retro-equatorial choroid accommodate the majority of metastatic lesions. Tumors are unilateral in 76% of patients and unifocal in 58% of eyes. Patients harboring metastatic intraocular tumors usually present with decreased visual acuity and an orange-yellow choroidal mass associated with subretinal fluid. Currently available ancillary diagnostic procedures include fundus auto-fluorescence, ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiographies, magnetic resonance imaging studies and various types of intraocular biopsy in highly selected cases. If nonocular metastases are also present, systemic chemotherapy is indicated. However, an initially successful outcome of chemotherapy may not be sustained. Local therapies include external beam radiotherapy, radioactive plaque brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy and transpupillary thermotherapy. In metastatic breast cancer, aromatase inhibitors, tamoxifen and trastuzumab have been proven effective. The role of anti-angiogenic agents is still unclear. The overall survival of patients diagnosed with intraocular metastasis is poor. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Base
Astrocytic Tumors
No full textRetinal astrocytic tumors are benign neoplasms that may present in three major clinical forms, namely, retinal astrocytic hamartomas, acquired retinal astrocytomas and reactive retinal astrocytic tumors. Astrocytic hamartomas typically occur in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex. These tumors may be solitary or multiple, appear creamy-white in color and may contain calcified areas. Histopathologically, they are composed of elongated fibrous astrocytes. Most tumors are stable throughout life and do not require treatment. Acquired retinal astrocytomas are not associated with tuberous sclerosis complex and can be seen at any age. They are usually solitary and yellow-white in color and show progression that results in exudative retinal detachment. Management includes photodynamic therapy, but most eyes end up with enucleation. Reactive retinal astrocytic tumors, also known as retinal vasoproliferative tumors, are pink-yellow lesions typically developing in the inferotemporal quadrant of the peripheral fundus and are often associated with large amounts of exudation and visual loss. This tumor may be secondary to retinitis pigmentosa, Coats disease, pars planitis or trauma. Treatment options include cryotherapy, plaque brachytherapy, photodynamic therapy and intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. Malignant transformation or systemic metastasis has not been reported for any of the retinal astrocytic tumors. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Base
Retinoblastomda Tanısal Yaklaşımlar, Sınıflandırma ve Yönetim
No full textRetinoblastom çocukluk çağının en sık görülen intraoküler tümörüdür. Retinoblastom klasik olarak lökokori ve şaşılık bulguları ile tanı almakla birlikte, kesin tanı klinik bulguların ultrasonografi, fundus floresein anjiyografi, optik koherens tomografi ve manyetik rezonans görüntüleme gibi yardımcı tetkiklerin sonuçlarının birlikte değerlendirilmesi ile konur. Hastalığın yönetimi sporadik veya herediter hastalık mevcut olması, unilateral veya bilateral hastalığın mevcut olması, lokal veya uzak metastazın eşlik etmesi gibi durumlar ile yakın olarak ilişkilidir. Bu yazıdaki amaç, retinoblastomun tanısal araçlarındaki yeniliklerle beraber geleneksel yöntemlerin bulgularını özetlemek, sınıflandırma sistemlerini ve bunlara uygun benimsenen tedavi metodlarını açıklamaktır.Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor of childhood. Although retinoblastoma classically presents with leukocoria and strabismus, the definitive diagnosis is made by evaluating fundoscopic findings together with the findings of ancillary tests such as ultrasonography, fundus fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The management of the disease is closely related to the presence of sporadic or hereditary disease, the presence of unilateral or bilateral disease and the presence of local or distant metastases. The aim of this article is to summarize the findings of the traditional methods together with the innovations in the diagnostic tools of retinoblastoma, and to explain the classification systems and the treatment methods adopted accordingly
Choroidal metastasis as a first sign of recurrence in a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma
No full textCase report: A 40-year-old man with a history of gastric adenocarcinoma presented with progressive visual loss in his right eye. A solitary choroidal tumour was found, but no clinically detectable metastasis initially
Subconjunctival Hemorrhage: Risk Factors and Potential Indicators
No full textSubconjunctival hemorrhage is a benign disorder that is a common cause of acute ocular redness. The major risk factors include trauma and contact lens usage in younger patients, whereas among the elderly, systemic vascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and arteriosclerosis are more common. In patients in whom subconjunctival hemorrhage is recurrent or persistent, further evaluation, including workup for systemic hypertension, bleeding disorders, systemic and ocular malignancies, and drug side effects, is warranted.PubMedScopu
Orbital exenteration: Institutional review of evolving trends in indications and rehabilitation techniques
No full textPurpose: To determine the changes in indications for orbital exenteration over 20 years and to assess its impact on patient survival. Evolving techniques of rehabilitation of the orbit in our institution were also evaluated
Bilateral Lacrimal Gland Enlargement Associated With Isotretinoin Treatment
No full textThis report aims to raise awareness of the potential link between isotretinoin use and the development of lacrimal gland enlargement. A 23-year-old woman who was using isotretinoin 40 mg daily for acne vulgaris for 6 months presented with periocular pain and bilateral swelling of upper eyelids. She did not have any signs of inflammation. Her systemic workup including serological tests for autoimmune disorders were within normal limits. MRI of the orbits revealed bilateral enlargement of the lacrimal glands. Discontinuation of isotretinoin resulted in disappearance of her signs and symptoms and the size of the lacrimal glands reverted to normal after 2 months. Isotretinoin use may be associated with lacrimal gland enlargement, and this adverse effect seems to be transient and reversible on cessation of the drug
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