85 research outputs found
Two-Pass Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol with Key Confirmation
No full textThis paper proposes three key agreement protocols that emphasize their security and performance. First, the two-pass authenticated key agreement (AK) protocol is presented in the asymmetric setting, which is based on Diffie-Hellman key agreement working over an elliptic curve group and provides more desirable security attributes than the MTI/A0, two-pass Unified Model and two-pass MQV protocols. Other two protocols are modifications of this protocol: the three-pass authenticated key agreement with key confirmation (AKC) protocol which uses message authentication code (MAC) algorithms for key confirmation, and the two-pass authenticated key agreement protocol with unilateral key confirmation which uses the MAC and the signature
A scaffold for signaling of Tim-4-mediated efferocytosis is formed by fibronectin
No full textAn essential step during clearance of apoptotic cells is the recognition of phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed on apoptotic cells by its receptors on phagocytes. Tim-4 directly binding to PS and functioning as a tethering receptor for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells has been extensively studied over the past decade. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Tim-4 collaborates with other engulfment receptors during efferocytosis remain elusive. By comparing efferocytosis induced by Tim-4 with that by Anxa5-GPI, an artificial tethering receptor, we found that Tim-4 possesses auxiliary machinery to induce a higher level of efferocytosis than Anxa5-GPI. To search for that, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen and identified Fibronectin (Fn1) as a novel Tim-4-associating protein. Tim-4 directly associated with Fn1 and formed a complex with integrins via the association of Fn1. Through Tim-4(-/-) mice and cell-based assays, we found that modulation of the Fn1 level affected efferocytosis induced by Tim-4 and disruption of the interaction between Tim-4 and Fn1 abrogated Tim-4-mediated efferocytosis. In addition, Tim-4 depletion attenuated integrin signaling activation and perturbation of integrin signaling suppressed Tim-4-promoted efferocytosis. Taken together, the data suggest that Fn1 locates Tim-4 and integrins in close proximity by acting as a scaffold, resulting in synergistic cooperation of Tim-4 with integrins for efficient efferocytosis.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Influenza Vaccination and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Korea
No full textPregnant women are vulnerable to developing influenza complications. Influenza vaccination during pregnancy is crucial to avoid infection. The COVID-19 pandemic might exacerbate fear and anxiety in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on influenza vaccination and determine the factors associated with influenza vaccine acceptance among pregnant women in Korea. We conducted a cross-sectional study using an online survey in Korea. A survey questionnaire was distributed among pregnant or postpartum women within 1 year after delivery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with influenza vaccination among pregnant women. A total of 351 women were included in this study. Of them, 51.0% and 20.2% were vaccinated against influenza and COVID-19 during pregnancy, respectively. The majority of participants who had a history of influenza vaccination reported that the COVID-19 pandemic did not affect (52.3%, n = 171) or increased the importance (38.5%, n = 126) of their acceptance of the influenza vaccine. Factors associated with influenza vaccine acceptance were knowledge of influenza vaccine (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.09, 1.35), trust in healthcare providers (OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.43, 4.65), and COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy (OR 6.11, 95% CI 2.86, 13.01). Participants were more likely to accept the influenza vaccine when they received a COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy, but the rate of influenza vaccination was not affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic did not influence influenza vaccine uptake in the majority of pregnant women in Korea. The results emphasize the necessity of appropriate education for pregnant women to enhance awareness of vaccination
Using Rank Correlation Coefficient to identify Abnormal Energy Consumption in Buildings
No full text에너지 절약 문제는 현재까지 해결되지 않은 문제이며, 에너지를 효율적으로 사용하기 위해 여러 방 법들이 제안되었다. IT 기술의 발달과 더불어 센서, 온도조절장치, 에어컨, 조명 등의 기기들을 통합하여 모니터링하고 관리하는 공조 시스템 (HVAC: Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning)이 건물에 도입되어 활 용되고 있으며, 이 시스템을 통하여 에너지 소비의 문제점을 찾고 에너지를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있다. 에너지 효율적 관리를 위하여 이상 현상을 효율적으로 감지하는 것에 대한 방법들도 많이 연구되고 있 다. 기존 연구에서는 에너지 센서간의 전력 소모 패턴을 3개의 밴드 영역으로 나누어 이상 현상을 탐지 하였다. 하지만 각 밴드 영역 간의 관계에 치우쳐 기기들간의 많은 관계를 탐색하지 못한다는 단점이 있 었다. 따라서 본 논문은 전력 소모 패턴에 따라 밴드 영역을 구분하는 것이 아니라, 전 밴드 영역에서 각 기기간의 순위 관계 변화를 관찰함으로써 이상 현상 탐지의 효율성을 높이는 방법을 제안하고 있다.이 논문은 2016년도 정부(미래창조과학부)의 재원으 로 정보통신기술진흥센터의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구 (No.B0190-16-2017,IoT 기기의 물리적 속성, 관계, 역 할 기반 Resilient/Fault-Tolerant 자율 네트워킹 기술 연구) 및 미래창조과학부 및 정보통신기술진흥센터의 대학ICT연구센터육성 지원사업의 연구결과로 수행되었 음" (IITP-2015-R0992-15-1023)OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:A201620368RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200003ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A001118CITE_RATE:DEPT_NM:컴퓨터공학부EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:CONFIRM:
False-positive reactivity of anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies detected using the single-antigen bead assay
No full textThe single-antigen bead assay (SABA) demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity for detecting anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) antibodies. However, SABA may produce false-positive results for anti-HLA antibodies. Herein, we analyzed the data of patients with complement-dependent cytotoxic crossmatch-/flow cytometric crossmatch-/SABA+/- results to determine false-positive results for anti-HLA antibodies. We also determined the prevalence of false-positive results by comparing false-positive data from our laboratory and national allele frequency data obtained with high-resolution HLA typing. For HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DR, a ratio of positive frequency to allele frequency of ≥3 in our laboratory was considered a false-positive result. For HLA-DQA1/DQB1 and HLA-DPA1/DPB1, we considered the positive frequency of ≥3 as a false positive result due to lack of haplotype frequency data. SABA results from 284 patients (78.0%) demonstrated false reactivity. The antibody against HLA-C*17:01 displayed the highest frequency ratio (298.3). If false-positive reactivity is suspected, results should be confirmed using different methods. If confirmation tests are unfeasible, comparing the allele frequency with the positive rate of detected anti-HLA antibodies and using a ratio ≥3 may facilitate the interpretation of SABA results. The positive rate of anti-HLA antibodies can be validated using the HLA allele frequency of the population to determine false-positive results.restrictio
Hereditary cancer syndrome-associated pathogenic variants are common in patients with hematologic malignancies subsequent to primary solid cancer
No full textBackground: As the number of long-term survivors of solid cancers keeps increasing, risk assessment of secondary hematologic malignancies is important for the prognosis of the patient. Germline genetic predisposition to secondary hematologic malignancy has been studied widely in myeloid neoplasms and rarely in lymphoid neoplasms. This study aimed to profile the mutational spectrums of patients with subsequent lymphoid tissue neoplasm to shed some light on the understudied area. Methods: In total, 39 patients who had primary solid cancer and subsequent hematologic malignancies were enrolled. We performed two next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel tests encompassing hereditary cancer predisposition genes and genes related to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). All statistical analyses were performed using R 3.5.1. Results: We found 8 of 39 patients with germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes; 4 of 18 patients had therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (22.2%); and 4 of 15 patients had secondary lymphoid malignancies (26.7%). Notably, of 14 patients who initially suffered from thyroid cancer, 5 patients (35.7%) had germline mutations. Malignancy of lymphoid tissue showed no association with radioactive iodine therapy but was observed to a greater extent in germline mutation-positive thyroid cancer patients regardless of their history of treatment. We observed that 24 of 39 patients (61.5%) were CHIP carriers. Patients who had secondary lymphoid malignancy were less likely to have CHIP than those who had myeloid malignancy. Conclusions: In patients with primary solid cancer who are planning to undergo cytotoxic chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or radioactive iodine therapy, an initial assessment with germline mutation testing using an expanded NGS panel, including low, moderate, and high-risk cancer-associated genes, and somatic CHIP mutation testing can screen the patients who are at risk of developing therapy-related myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. Through careful screening and monitoring throughout the treatment process, patients can benefit from the early detection of secondary malignancies and receive proper treatment.ope
Evaluation of a hybridization capture-based hereditary cancer panel for the ion semiconductor-based next-generation sequencing system
No full textBackground: There is an unmet need to use the ThermoFisher Ion sequencing platform with a hybridization capture-based next-generation sequencing(NGS) panel. However, the analytical performance of combining an ion semiconductor-based sequencing system and a hybridization capture-based NGS panel has not been thoroughly evaluated. Therefore, we compared the analytic performance of Illumina's NextSeq and Ion S5 XL using a hybridization capture-based target enrichment method.
Methods: We included 31 clinical samples and NA12878 reference material for comparing two different NGS instruments using a hybridization capture-based panel. The hybridization-based capture hereditary cancer predisposition (HCP) panel was designed for Ion S5 XL Sequencer and Illumina platforms, respectively.
Results: We obtained comparable data involving sequencing run metrics and analytical performance of two different NGS systems using a hybridization-based capture panel designed for each NGS platform. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of single-nucleotide variant and indel calling were 97.06%, 100%, and 100% for the Ion S5™ XL system and 98.53%, 100%, and 100% for NextSeq 550Dx platform, respectively.
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that a hybrid capture panel kit can be successfully implemented using the ThermoFisher Scientific Ion S5 XL instrument and offers the opportunity to select a variety of hybridization-based capture panels from various manufacturers.restrictio
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