5 research outputs found
A Shared Longing: Rewriting Nâzım Hikmet in Turkish and Turkish-German Literature, 1963-2017
No full textThis dissertation is a comparative study of Turkish and Turkish-German literature that traces the afterlife of Turkey’s foremost modernist poet, Nâzım Hikmet Ran (1902-1963). After Hikmet was convicted of sedition in 1938 for writing communist poetry, his works were banned until 1965 and remained only semi-legal in Turkey until the end of the Cold War. Meanwhile, allusions to his poetry proliferated both in his native Turkey and in Turkish communities in West Germany. Today, Hikmet’s words continue to haunt the very spaces from which he was excluded during his lifetime. His poetry is continually rewritten in poems and novels, and frequently quoted in diverse political movements ranging from pro-multiculturalism campaigns of West Germany in the 1980s to the Gezi Park protests of 2013. Neither purely literary nor simply political, these persistent citations of Hikmet’s poetry push the boundaries of contemporary understandings of intertextuality, commemoration, and the imagination of communities in and through shared texts.
A Shared Longing examines texts that make reference to Hikmet’s poetry and biographical persona from his death in 1963 to the present day. The title makes reference to hasret (longing), an affect that takes on both romantic and political registers in Hikmet’s poetry, and which governs posthumous constructions of the author as an absent presence in Turkish public life. Departing from studies of authorial legacy focused on the limiting principle of “influence,” I examine texts that reference Hikmet’s work through a diverse array of intertextual modes. Conversely, I also use Hikmet’s afterlife to raise questions about the persistence of authorial biographies after poststructuralism, arguing that “Nâzım Hikmet” becomes a shared intertext of what I call “interpretive communities of allusion.”
Five chapters situate the literary works of Oğuz Atay, Emine Sevgi Özdamar, Saliha Scheinhardt, Berkan Karpat, Zafer Şenocak, and Nedim Gürsel in a broader constellation of literary and non-literary texts that make reference to Hikmet’s poetry. Examining posthumous constructions of Hikmet as both the narrator of a “speaker for death” and as an absent beloved, I propose a reexamination of the way counter- and transnational communities are imagined through shared intertexts
Kazak Hikayeciliğinde Amancan Jakıp'ın Hikayelerinin Yeri
No full textDoğumu sürgün yıllarına denk gelen yazar, bir insanın yaşabileceği bütün acıları ve sıkıntıları yaşamıştır. Bunu eserlerinde net bir biçimde görmek mümkündür. Bu nedenle eserlerinin hepsinde hasret, kavuşma isteği, beklentiler ve ümitler önemli bir yer tutar. Vatan hasreti çeken yazarın, küçük yaşlardan itibaren aile sorumluluğunu da sırtına alması ile yükü bir kat daha artmıştır. Akranları gezip oynarken hayat onu çabuk olgunlaştırmıştır. Bu vesile ile hem ailenin sorumluluğunu taşımaya hem de işgal altında bulunan vatanın kurtuluşu için çeşitli çareler aramaya başlamıştır. Ümitlerini ve hayallerini gerçekleştirebilmek için çağın en önemli ve etkili silahı olarak okuma ve yazma yolunu seçmiştir. Bu suretle gelecek kuşakların içinde özgürce yaşayabileceği güzel ve bağımsız bir ülke bırakmak için çalışmalara başlamıştır. Bu bağlamda hikâyeleri, ilk çalışmalarını teşkil etmektedir. O, dönemin şartları içinde doğrudan dile getiremediklerini çeşitli sembollerle dile getirerek etrafındakileri uyarmaya ve uyandırmaya çalışmıştır. Bu şuurla hikâyelerini yazdığı zamanlar çok genç olmasına rağmen olgun bir kalem sahibinin yazabileceği kadar zarif, estetik, anlamlı çalışmalar ortaya koymuştur. Bu hikâyeler, Kazak yazılı edebiyatının geçmişi ile yazıldığı dönem göz önüne alındığında ortaya konan ürünlerin modern Kazak hikâyeciliğine geçişin ilk basamaklarından birini teşkil ettiği görülmektedir.The author, who was born at the time of exile, lived all pains and troubles a person can live. It can be clearly seen in his works. Therefore longing, nostalgia, reunion, expectations and hopes are substantially included in his all works. In addition to his homesickness, he had the responsibility of his family early in life. Thus his load increased more. While his peels were playing games, life matured him quickly. Hereby, he took care of his family and also tried to do something for his occupied nation. Achieving his hopes and dreams, he chose the most important and effective way ofthat era: literature. He started his works to leave a beautiful and independent country for future generations. In this context, his stories constituted his first works. As he couldn?t tell directly because of the conditions of that era, he tried to warn and awaken people with some symbols. With this consciousness, although he was so young, his works were as elegant, esthetic and meaningful as a phenomenon. Although these stories were written with history of Kazakh literature, they are the first steps of modern Kazakh stories.
DIAPH1-deficiency is associated with major t, nk and ılc defects in humans
No full textLoss of function mutations in Diaphanous related formin 1 (DIAPH1) are associated with seizures, cortical blindness, and microcephaly syndrome (SCBMS) and are recently linked to combined immunodeficiency. However, the extent of defects in T and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) remain unexplored. Herein, we characterized the primary T, natural killer (NK) and helper ILCs of six patients carrying two novel loss of function mutation in DIAPH1 and Jurkat cells after DIAPH1 knockdown. Mutations were identified by whole exome sequencing. T-cell immunophenotyping, proliferation, migration, cytokine signaling, survival, and NK cell cytotoxicity were studied via flow cytometry-based assays, confocal microscopy, and real-time qPCR. CD4+ T cell proteome was analyzed by mass spectrometry. p.R351* and p.R322*variants led to a significant reduction in the DIAPH1 mRNA and protein levels. DIAPH1-deficient T cells showed proliferation, activation, as well as TCR-mediated signaling defects. DIAPH1-deficient PBMCs also displayed impaired transwell migration, defective STAT5 phosphorylation in response to IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15. In vitro generation/expansion of Treg cells from naïve T cells was significantly reduced. shRNA-mediated silencing of DIAPH1 in Jurkat cells reduced DIAPH1 protein level and inhibited T cell proliferation and IL-2/STAT5 axis. Additionally, NK cells from patients had diminished cytotoxic activity, function and IL-2/STAT5 axis. Lastly, DIAPH1-deficient patients’ peripheral blood contained dramatically reduced numbers of all helper ILC subsets. DIAPH1 deficiency results in major functional defects in T, NK cells and helper ILCs underlining the critical role of formin DIAPH1 in the biology of those cell subsets. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.). © The Author(s) 2024
Genetic Susceptibility to Clozapine-Induced Agranulocytosis/Neutropenia Across Ethnicities: Results From a New Cohort of Turkish and Other Caucasian Participants, and Meta-Analysis
No full textClozapine (CLZ) is considered the most effective antipsychotic, but its use is associated with neutropenia (CIN) and agranulocytosis (CIA). Although the exact etiology of these hazardous side effects is unknown, 4 genetic polymorphisms have been implicated by genomewide association studies (GWAS), mostly performed in North-Western Europeans. These polymorphisms are rs113332494 (HLA-DQB1), rs41549217 (HLA-B), and rs1546308/rs149104283 (SLCO1B3/7), several of which were not directly genotyped but imputed. To test whether these 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with CIN/CIA in a Turkish population and in a more extensive group of Caucasians, we directly genotyped these polymorphisms using Taqman and Sanger sequencing and performed logistic regression. We divided our participants (234 CLZ-using participants of whom 31 CIN/CIA cases) into (1) North-Western European, (2) Turkish, (3) Caucasian (=1 + 2); and (4) a total group (Caucasian + other ethnicities). Rs113332494 (HLA-DQB1) was significantly associated with CIN/CIA in the total group (P = 3.5 10-8), in the Caucasian group (P = 9.3 10-6) and in the Turkish group (P = 2.8 10-5). Rs41549217 (HLA-B) was nominally significant in the Caucasian group (P = .018). In meta-analysis of our results and the previously reported genome-wide results, 3 SNPs were significantly associated with CIN/CIA in participants with Caucasian ancestry: rs113332494 (P = 2.05 10-8), rs41549217 (P = 7.19 10-9), and rs149104283 (P = 5.54 10-9), with the result for rs1546308 (SCLO1B3/SCLO1B7) being significantly heterogeneous across studies. Our results hint at ethnicity-dependent and clinically relevant effects of genetic polymorphisms on the risk to develop CIN/CIA. Pharmacogenetic testing can complement clinical decision making and thus empower appropriate CLZ prescribing, but ancestry should be taken into account when performing such testing for CLZ. The Author(s) 2020
Genetic Susceptibility to Clozapine-Induced Agranulocytosis/Neutropenia Across Ethnicities: Results From a New Cohort of Turkish and Other Caucasian Participants, and Meta-Analysis
No full textClozapine (CLZ) is considered the most effective antipsychotic, but its use is associated with neutropenia (CIN) and agranulocytosis (CIA). Although the exact etiology of these hazardous side effects is unknown, 4 genetic polymorphisms have been implicated by genomewide association studies (GWAS), mostly performed in North-Western Europeans. These polymorphisms are rs113332494 (HLA-DQB1), rs41549217 (HLA-B), and rs1546308/rs149104283 (SLCO1B3/7), several of which were not directly genotyped but imputed. To test whether these 4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with CIN/CIA in a Turkish population and in a more extensive group of Caucasians, we directly genotyped these polymorphisms using Taqman and Sanger sequencing and performed logistic regression. We divided our participants (234 CLZ-using participants of whom 31 CIN/CIA cases) into (1) North-Western European, (2) Turkish, (3) Caucasian (=1 + 2); and (4) a total group (Caucasian + other ethnicities). Rs113332494 (HLA-DQB1) was significantly associated with CIN/CIA in the total group (P = 3.5 10-8), in the Caucasian group (P = 9.3 10-6) and in the Turkish group (P = 2.8 10-5). Rs41549217 (HLA-B) was nominally significant in the Caucasian group (P = .018). In meta-analysis of our results and the previously reported genome-wide results, 3 SNPs were significantly associated with CIN/CIA in participants with Caucasian ancestry: rs113332494 (P = 2.05 10-8), rs41549217 (P = 7.19 10-9), and rs149104283 (P = 5.54 10-9), with the result for rs1546308 (SCLO1B3/SCLO1B7) being significantly heterogeneous across studies. Our results hint at ethnicity-dependent and clinically relevant effects of genetic polymorphisms on the risk to develop CIN/CIA. Pharmacogenetic testing can complement clinical decision making and thus empower appropriate CLZ prescribing, but ancestry should be taken into account when performing such testing for CLZ. The Author(s) 2020
